Getting Started Guide
Document Version: 1.0 – 2019-12-09
CUSTOMER
Getting Started with the
SAP S/4HANA 1909 Fully-Activated Appliance
Table of Contents
1 Solution Information ..................................................................................................................... 4
Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................. 4
Installed Products.............................................................................................................................................. 5
Business Scenarios & Localizations ................................................................................................................ 6
ABAP client structure & business users ........................................................................................................... 7
Post-installation Steps & Sample Demo Walkthroughs ................................................................................ 9
More Information & Support ............................................................................................................................ 9
1.6.1 More Information .......................................................................................................................................... 9
1.6.2 Support ......................................................................................................................................................... 10
2 Accessing the Solution ................................................................................................................ 11
Overview ............................................................................................................................................................ 11
Option 1: System access via embedded Windows Remote Desktop frontend server ............................... 11
Option 2: System access via local PC ............................................................................................................. 13
2.3.1 Mapping your local
/etc/hosts
file ............................................................................................................. 13
Users & passwords for the system components........................................................................................... 14
2.4.1 SAP S/4HANA ABAP application server ................................................................................................... 14
2.4.2 SAP HANA DB server ................................................................................................................................... 15
2.4.3 Java Application Server ............................................................................................................................... 16
2.4.4 SAP BusinessObjects BI platform .............................................................................................................. 16
2.4.5 Windows Frontend Server Details .............................................................................................................. 17
2.4.6 Accessing Your Instance on Linux Level .................................................................................................... 17
3 Licenses ........................................................................................................................................ 19
Running the appliance as a trial for a 30-day period ..................................................................................... 19
Running the appliance with a product license key ........................................................................................ 19
3.2.1 SAP CAL subscription package .................................................................................................................. 19
3.2.2 SAP S/4HANA product licenses ................................................................................................................ 19
3.2.3 License key installation in your instance .................................................................................................. 20
4 Security Aspects in SAP CAL ..................................................................................................... 22
Internet ports for accessing your system ..................................................................................................... 22
Network security considerations ................................................................................................................... 23
ABAP user roles and profiles .......................................................................................................................... 23
3
Certificates ....................................................................................................................................................... 23
5 Solution Provisioning in SAP Cloud Appliance Library ......................................................... 24
6 Appendix ....................................................................................................................................... 25
Installed Technical Component Details ......................................................................................................... 25
6.1.1 SAP NetWeaver 7.54 application server ABAP incl. SAP S/4HANA 1909 ............................................ 25
6.1.2 SAP NetWeaver 7.50 application server JAVA with Adobe Document Services installed ................... 30
6.1.3 Windows Remote Desktop .......................................................................................................................... 31
6.1.4 SAP BusinessObjects BI Platform 4.2 ....................................................................................................... 31
How to change the hosts file on Apple Mac ................................................................................................... 31
4
1 Solution Information
Introduction
This guide provides information about the “SAP S/4HANA 1909 - Fully Activated Appliance” on SAP Cloud
Appliance Library (SAP CAL, https://cal.sap.com ).
The appliance contains an SAP S/4HANA 1909 system with pre-configured SAP Best Practices and demo
scenarios.
It can be rapidly brought up as your personal instance with administrative rights either hosted in dedicated cloud
providers such as Amazon, MS Azure or Google Cloud Platform (in ~2 hours) or on-premise on your own
hardware (in ~2-3 days).
Typical use cases are trial system, sandboxing, proof-of-concept, or scoping exercises.
The usage as a development system in implementation projects is not recommended since the appliance might
contain components and configuration settings (some with a separate license) that are conflicting with the later
deployment in a quality or production system.
A general introduction into the appliance and the usage as trial or sandbox system for SAP S/4HANA 1909 can be
found on https://blogs.sap.com/?p=727457
Known issues will be continuously updated in this blog: https://blogs.sap.com/?p=897560
Post-installation steps and extensive demo guides with sample walkthrough scenarios can be found here:
https://blogs.sap.com/2019/04/23/sap-s4hana-fully-activated-appliance-demo-guides/.
Video tutorials how to create an AWS account and how to launch the appliance can be found here.
They might not necessarily show the creation of the SAP S/4HANA 1909 appliance (but another SAP solution
appliance), however, the concepts are the same.
5
Installed Products
When you deploy the appliance (either in CAL or your own on-premise hardware), you get access to a system
landscape that has been built using the following components (see picture below).
1. SAP NetWeaver 7.54 application server ABAP incl. SAP S/4HANA 1909 (SP00)
2. SAP NetWeaver 7.50 application server JAVA with installed Adobe Document Services.
3. Optional: Microsoft Windows Server 2016 (as remote desktop) for easy frontend access.
4. Optional: SAP BusinessObjects BI Platform 4.2 SP7
Notes:
• The virtual machines (VMs) for the BI Platform and and the remote desktop (RDP) are optional in CAL.
The remote desktop is included by default (and we recommend keeping it e.g. for network checks), the BI
platform is excluded by default. You can select/deselect these two VMs in the Advanced Mode of the
instance creation. Once an instance has been created, this choice cannot be changed anymore for this
instance.
• The BI Platform and the remote desktop are only available when using SAP CAL as described in this
document. However, you can also receive the appliance for installation on your own on-premise hardware
but in that case BI platform and remote desktop are not included. Please see SAP Note 2041140 for the
option to install the appliance on your own hardware.
A detailed component list of the appliance can be found in the appendix of this guide.
6
Business Scenarios & Localizations
The appliance uses SAP Best Practices as main business content.
The chart below summarizes the Best Practices scope for SAP S/4HANA 1909 (details can be found on
https://rapid.sap.com/bp/BP_OP_ENTPR).
In the appliance, the Best Practices have been fully activated, however, there are still areas that require additional
configuration to be fully functional.
The integration into other SAP products or 3
rd
party software is such an example where you need to specify at
least the credentials (tenant, account, etc.) of the integration target.
The SAP Best Practices configuration content of SAP S/4HANA 1909 is available for 42 countries/regions and 39
languages:
Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, Czechia, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hong Kong,
Hungary, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand,
Norway, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea,
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States
In the appliance, all available localizations are activated (see the section
ABAP client structure & business users
later in this guide), however, the suggested demo walkthroughs (incl. demo data) in the appliance are configured
for USA only (using company code 1710).
7
ABAP client structure & business users
Multiple ABAP clients are configured in the appliance.
• 000 serves as standard delivery client (as usual in on-premise deployments)
• 100 is the primary demo client that contains the pre-configured scenarios and sample data.
• 200 can be used to experience the activation of SAP Best Practices on your own (see the SAP Best
Practices implementation guide for details)
• 300 is not available in the 1909 SP00 release and is planned to be delivered with the 1909 FPS01 update
of the appliance, then containing the activated Best Practices based on the Whitelist approach
• 400 contains the activated Best Practices based on the merged-client-000 approach
An explanation of Whitelist and merged-000 can be found in the
Implementation Guide → Prerequisite Settings →
Setting up a new Best Practices Client - Client Setup Alternatives.
Business Content
Sample users
(all password
Welcome1
)
• Nothing specific
(standard customizing only)
BPINST
• Pre-activated SAP Best
Practices for SAP S/4HANA
1909 (Germany & US, sample
demo flow localized for US) *
• Customizing and
transactional data in US
company code (1710)
• SAP Fiori Apps
•
S4H_AA_DEM / S4H_AA
(Asset Accounting)
•
S4H_FIN_DEM / S4H_FIN
(Finance)
•
S4H_CASH_DEM / S4H_CASH
(Cash Management)
•
S4H_CO_DEM / S4H_CO
(Controlling)
8
Business Content
Sample users
(all password
Welcome1
)
• Based on the merged-client
approach
• BW configuration for
Integrated Business Planning
(IBP)
Note on the users:
The users S4H_<area>_DEM (e.g.
S4H_FIN_DEM) have a restricted set of
roles and Fiori apps assigned for the
respective area, and should be primarily
used for the suggested demo
walkthroughs.
The users S4H_<area> (e.g. S4H_FIN)
have the complete set of roles and Fiori
apps for the respective area assigned
(based on our assessment in the context
of the appliance). These users will have
significantly longer loading times in the
Fiori launchpad, and should be used
primarily to get an overview of interesting
roles/apps, and to serve as template for
your own user creation in transaction
SU01.
•
S4H_MM_DEM / S4H_MM
(Materials Management)
•
S4H_PP_DEM / S4H_PP
(Production Planning
•
S4H_SD_DEM / S4H_SD
(Sales & Distribution)
•
S4H_EXT
(Extensibility)
•
S4H_EWM_DEM
(Warehouse Management)
•
S4H_DDR_DEM
(Demand-Driven Replenishment)
•
S4H_PPM_...
(Portfolio & Project Management)
•
S4H_TM_DEM
(Transportation
Management)
•
S4H_PAI
(Predictive Analytics)
•
S4H_MG
(Data Migration)
•
SERV_EMPL / SERV_MAN /
SLS_MAN / IC_AGENT_SRV
(SAP S/4HANA Service)
•
MDG_EXPERT / MDG_APPROVER /
MDG_REQUEST
(Master Data Governance)
•
BPINST
(Generic user. Caution: long loading
times in Fiori Launchpad)
• Ready-to-Activate client with
all pre-activation preparation
activities executed
BPINST
• Not available in the 1909
SP00 release. Planned to be
delivered with the 1909 FPS01
update of the appliance, then
containing the activated Best
Practices based on the
Whitelist approach
N/A
• Pre-activated SAP Best
Practices for SAP S/4HANA
1909 without transactional
data
• Based on the merged-client
approach
BPINST
9
All above users have the default password
Welcome1.
Please see chapter 2 for logon procedures and further administrative users/passwords.
For more background information on the ‘white-list’ and ‘merged-client’ approach (besides the implementation
guide), please see here.
* Please note the following:
(1) For the US localization, SAP Best Practices are delivered with internal tax calculation. This includes sample
jurisdiction codes and sample rates so that you can execute the best practices test scripts.
(2) The organizational structure and chart of accounts are activated with SAP Best Practices sample content.
Client 200 does not contain these settings.
Post-installation Steps & Sample Demo Walkthroughs
Once you have created a system instance in SAP CAL, you will have a principally working system.
However, there are some settings that you should adapt prior to first usage to ensure the best experience for your
end users, such as setting the open materials management period to the current month.
Please see this blog (https://blogs.sap.com/2019/04/23/sap-s4hana-fully-activated-appliance-demo-guides/)
for post-installation steps and extensive demo guides with sample walkthrough scenarios.
More Information & Support
1.6.1 More Information
Overview blog in SAP Community: https://blogs.sap.com/?p=727457
Known issues blog in SAP Community: https://blogs.sap.com/?p=897560
Post installation steps and sample demo walkthroughs:
(https://blogs.sap.com/2019/04/23/sap-s4hana-fully-activated-appliance-demo-guides/
SAP S/4HANA Trial Landing Page (Quick Start Guide into SAP CAL)
https://www.sap.com/cmp/oth/crm-s4hana/s4hana-on-premise.html
YouTube playlist (how to create Cloud Provider accounts, start an SAP S/4HANA appliance instance, etc):
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLWV533hWWvDmww3OX9YPhjjS1l1n6o-H2
10
1.6.2 Support
If you run a 30-day trial (i.e. no SAP CAL subscription license), please use the SAP Community (preferably take
SAP CAL as it’s very closely monitored):
• SAP CAL (for CAL usage, access, etc.): https://answers.sap.com/questions/metadata/24005/sap-
cloud-appliance-library.html
• SAP S/4HANA (for S/4 specific functional questions):
https://answers.sap.com/questions/metadata/22943/sap-s4hana.html
If you have an SAP CAL subscription license acquired, you can also report an incident (component BC-VCM-CAL).
11
2 Accessing the Solution
Overview
The appliance can be accessed via a preconfigured Windows remote desktop (option 1) or via client tools on your
local PC (option 2).
For first steps with the appliance, we recommend access via the remote desktop since you only need to have the
Windows remote desktop client installed on your PC which in most cases will be the case,
Since UI performance are usually better via access from your local PC, please evaluate if you can use this method
as standard access. It requires administrator access on your PC and 5 minutes of effort.
Option 1: System access via embedded Windows Remote
Desktop frontend server
After your own solution instance is created, click the Connect button in the Instances view of the console.
In the pop-up, click Connect in the “RDP Virtual Machine: Windows Remote Desktop” line.
12
Confirm the pop-up window to allow Remote Desktop Connection (click on “Connect”).
Enter user Administrator (local domain of the remote desktop) and your <Master Password> that you
specified during the instance creation in the SAP CAL console.
Next you will see the pre-configured Windows Frontend Server. Follow the information on the Welcome page
(start link also on desktop if it doesn’t come up automatically) to logon to the SAP S/4HANA system, and to
run sample scenarios. More details on system connectivity can be found in section 3.3.
13
Note:
The embedded Windows Remoted Desktop license allows 2 concurrent sessions (e.g. one for the existing user
Administrator and one for another user that you can create on the remote desktop). Installing your own RDP
license might also be an option to allow more concurrent users on the RDP.
Option 2: System access via local PC
2.3.1 Mapping your local
/etc/hosts
file
To log on to the Fiori Launchpad from your local PC, you need to ensure that you have mapped the IP addresses of
your instance against clear text host names. This mapping step is needed since the connection to the cloud
providers uses IP addresses, whereas the S/4HANA system needs dedicated host names to work correctly.
After you have done the mapping (by editing a local file on your computer), you will be able to access the Fiori
Launchpad of SAP S/4HANA via this URL:
https://vhcals4hcs.dummy.nodomain:44301/sap/bc/ui5_ui5/ui2/ushell/shells/abap/FioriLaunchpad.html
If you cannot map your local hosts file (e.g. you don’t have administrator rights on your computer), you can use
the IP address of your instance in the URL (https://<IP_Address>:44301/...), however, not all applications and
scenarios will work correctly with it e.g. WebGUI or Web Dynpro applications will not display in the browser.
Another option could be to use browser plugins (e.g. Chrome Virtual Host) that simulate the mapping in the
browser session only. Again, not all scenarios might work correctly with it.
The following describes how to modify the local hosts file on a Windows computer.
Instructions for modifying it on a Mac can be found in the appendix.
Open Notepad as administrator (search for Notepad on your computer > Right mouse click > Run as
administrator):
Click File → Open and enter the following path:
For Windows operating system: c:\windows\system32\drivers\etc\hosts
For Linux operating system: /etc/hosts
Ensure to select All Files (*.*)
Open the hosts file and add the following lines to it (the IP addresses for the servers are displayed in the CAL
console in the instance properties, take the external IP address):
# S4H Appliance
<External IP Address SAP S4HANA/HDB server> vhcals4hci.dummy.nodomain vhcals4hci
vhcals4hcs.dummy.nodomain vhcals4hcs vhcalhdbdb vhcaldhbdb.dummy.nodomain
<IP Address SAP NW JAVA/ASE/ADS server> vhcalj2eci.dummy.nodomain vhcalj2eci
vhcalj2ecs.dummy.nodomain vhcalj2ecs vhcalj2edb vhcalj2edb.dummy.nodomain
<IP Address SAP BI Platform > bihost bihost.dummy.nodomain
Save the hosts file and exit.
14
Users & passwords for the system components
Note:
For URLs starting with vhcal… you will need to map your /etc/hosts file as described in chapter 2.3.
2.4.1 SAP S/4HANA ABAP application server
Connect to SAP S4H using the information in the table below (URLs with the host name vhcal… require hosts file
mapping before, see chapter 2.3).
Name
Value
Description
SID
S4H
System ID of the SAP system
Instance
Number
00
The instance number of the central instance (CI)
Clients
See section 1.4
These are the pre-configured clients, see section “Business Scenarios
& Localizations” for details
Password for
users DDIC &
SAP*
<Master
Password> in
client 000.
Welcome1 in other
clients
The master password is the password that you chose in the SAP Cloud
Appliance Library when creating the instance.
ABAP
administrator
s4hadm /
<Master
Password>
Additional user for ABAP lifecycle management – start/stop,
administration,
SAP Web
Dispatcher
administrator
webadm /
VA1MPwd_
or
BPINST /
Welcome1
Access to Web Dispatcher console:
https://vhcals4hcs.dummy.nodomain:44301/sap/admin/public/defa
ult.html
15
Name
Value
Description
Technical user
for HANA DB
connectivity
(schema user)
SAPHANADB /
<Master
Password>
See transaction DBACOCKPIT → System Landscape → Database
Connections.
SAP Cloud
Connector
Administrator /
manage
Initial credentials for the integrated SAP Cloud Connector (access via
https://vhcals4hcs,dummy.nodomain:8443)
2.4.2 SAP HANA DB server
Tenant database (use Single Container in HANA Studio)
Name
Value
Description
HANA DB system
HDB
System ID of the HANA DB
HANA DB Instance
Number
02
Instance number of HANA DB
HANA SYSTEM user
name
SYSTEM /
<Master Password>
Standard HANA system user
HANA administrator
name
HDBADM /
<Master Password>
Additional user for HANA lifecycle management –
start/stop, administration functions, recovery.
Generic HANA DB
user
BPINST / Welcome1
Generic user that can be used to access HANA DB
System database (use Multiple Containers → System DB in HANA Studio, needed e.g. for applying your own HANA
DB license key)
Name
Value
Description
HANA DB system
SYSTEMDB
System ID of the HANA DB
HANA DB Instance
Number
02
Instance number of HANA DB
HANA SYSTEM user
name
SYSTEM /
<Master Password>
Standard HANA system user
HANA administrator
name
HDBADM /
<Master Password>
Additional user for HANA lifecycle management –
start/stop, administration functions, recovery.
16
Name
Value
Description
Generic HANA DB
user
BPINST / Welcome1
Generic user that can be used to access HANA DB
2.4.3 Java Application Server
The administration users for ASE and JAVA on operating system level are defined as follows:
Name
Value
Description
ASE administrator
name
sybadm /
<Master Password>
Additional user for Sybase ASE lifecycle management –
start/stop, administration.
JAVA administrator
name
Administrator /
<Master Password>
Additional user for JAVA lifecycle management –
start/stop, administration, functions, recovery.
Access to SAP NetWeaver Administrator:
https://vhcalj2eci.dummy.nodomain:50001/nwa
Additional JAVA user
BPINST / Welcome1
2.4.4 SAP BusinessObjects BI platform
The administration users for SAP BusinessObjects BI Platform are defined as follows:
Parameter ID
Parameter Value
Note
Administrator name
Administrator / Welcome1
Use for all administrative functions
of the BI platform
BI Power User
BPINST / Welcome1
In the logon screen (http://bihost:8080/BOE/BI), use
bihost:6400
as system and Enterprise authentication.
Usage of the
bihost
alias requires local host file mapping when using local PC access (see section 2.3). The
Windows remote desktop has the mapping pre-configured.
17
2.4.5 Windows Frontend Server Details
Connect to the Frontend server using the information in the table below.
SAP does not provide a separate MS Windows Terminal Server license as part of the appliance; hence, you can
connect with a maximum of two concurrent users (with different user IDs) at the same time.
You will need to create such an additional user ID in the local user administration of the remote desktop.
If you want to use the remote desktop with larger user numbers, please apply your own MS Terminal Server
license to the remote desktop and potentially choose a larger sizing in the CAL console.
Name
Value
Description
IP Address
<IP Address>
The IP address of your frontend server instance you
created in SAP CAL (use the “external” IP address)
User
Administrator /
<Master Password>
User for the Windows frontend server. This is a local user
on the remote desktop. Only one Administrator user can
logon to the front-end server at the same point in time.
A note on browsers:
Google Chrome and Firefox are pre-installed on the Remote Desktop. In the Fiori launchpad, you might find
slightly different rendering behaviors depending on the browser version. If you encounter rendering problems,
please search for SAP Notes how to potentially fix them.
If you want to access the Fiori Launchpad with a local browser, please be sure to map your local host file as
described in section 2.3 of this document or on https://www.sap.com/cmp/oth/crm-s4hana/s4hana-on-
premise.html → Quick Start Guide since otherwise some Fiori applications (e.g. WebGUI or Web Dynpro) will not
work correctly.
2.4.6 Accessing Your Instance on Linux Level
You can access the Linux backend system of your appliance (ABAP / JAVA / BI) as
root
using secure SSH tools,
e.g. PuTTY
For information how to access a solution on OS level, go to this FAQ page and look under the question: How to
connect to a running instance via the secure shell protocol (SSH)?
Parameter ID
Parameter Value
Note
OS User Name
root
The default Linux administrator user
OS Password
<none>
Use the generated private key with SSH tools
Note:
18
You must use the private key (file format .pem) that was generated in the last step of the Create Instance wizard
from SAP Cloud Appliance Library. During the creation, you were asked to either store the key file attached to
your instance within SAP CAL, or download it to a local secure file share on your computer.
19
3 Licenses
Running the appliance as a trial for a 30-day period
This solution can be used with a 30-day free trial license agreement (during this period, you only need to bear the
hosting fees of your cloud provider). You will be asked to agree to the agreement during the instantiation steps.
During the instantiation, the SAP system will generate a temporary license key that is enough for exploration
purposes. After the expiration of the pre-installed temporary license a valid license is required to keep using the
solution instance.
Note that you are not allowed to install license keys under the free trial license agreement. You can continue the
solution with the Product License Agreement any time prior to the end of the free period by unlocking it.
Running the appliance with a product license key
If you want to run the solution beyond the free 30-day trial period (i.e. unlock the solution in SAP CAL), you need
to obtain two SAP licenses:
1. The SAP Cloud Appliance Library (SAP CAL) subscription package
2. The SAP S/4HANA product license(s)
Once you unlock the solution in CAL, you can re-activate an existing instance in the same state it was left prior to
unlocking the solution.
3.2.1 SAP CAL subscription package
You can purchase the subscription package via the SAP Store on
https://www.sapstore.com/solutions/99007/SAP-Cloud-Appliance-Library.
In SAP Store, you will need a user that has the “SAP Store buyer role” assigned. Please make sure that the SAP
Store user and the SAP CAL user belong to the same organization, otherwise the mapping between the license
and the to-be-unlocked instance is not possible.
3.2.2 SAP S/4HANA product licenses
To use an instance under your own SAP Product License Agreements, you need to apply license keys for the
following components.
• SAP S/4HANA
• SAP HANA database
20
• SAP NetWeaver J2EE platform
• Optional: SAP BusinessObjects BI platform
However, please note that the following separately-licensed SAP S/4HANA capabilities are also pre-configured in
the appliance. These capabilities will technically work if you enter the above license keys but depending on your
use case you need to ensure that you comply with SAP’s license model:
• SAP S/4HANA Finance for cash mgmt.
• SAP S/4HANA Finance for receivables mgmt.
• SAP S/4HANA for advanced compliance reporting
• SAP Business Planning and Consolidation, add-on for S/4HANA
• SAP S/4HANA for extended planning
• SAP S/4HANA Advanced Available-to-Promise
• SAP S/4HANA for Advanced Variant Configuration, standard
• SAP Portfolio and Project Management for SAP S/4HANA professional
• SAP Enterprise Master Data Governance for SAP S/4HANA
For trial cases, it is normally enough to have SAP issue a trial contract for those components (either a customer
trial license or a partner T&D license). Please contact your SAP account representative for details.
3.2.3 License key installation in your instance
After unlocking the solution, you need to apply a valid license key to the system components using the below
parameters. These parameters need to be entered in the SAP license key application
(https://support.sap.com/licensekey).
For more information about how to request and install product license keys, see this blog.
SID
Product
Version
DB
OS
Comment
HDB
SAP HANA, platform
edition
SAP HANA 2.0,
platform edition
n/a
Linux
License type: SAP In-memory
Appliance platform
Quantity: 256 GB Memory
Volume
License needs to be applied in
the HANA system DB (HANA
Studio → Add System: Host
name vhcalhdbdb or IP
address, instance number 02,
multiple containers > system
database)
S4H
SAP S/4HANA
SAP S/4HANA 1909
SAP
HANA
database
Linux
N/A
21
SID
Product
Version
DB
OS
Comment
J2E
SAP NetWeaver
SAP NetWeaver 7.5
Sybase
ASE
Linux
As license type, select 'J2EE -
Web AS JAVA'
BIP
Optional:
SAP BusinessObjects
Business Intelligence
platform
SAP BusinessObjects
Business Intelligence
platform 4.2
n/a
Linux
Material:
Choose SAP BO BI Platform
…
22
4 Security Aspects in SAP CAL
Internet ports for accessing your system
By default, the following ports are opened for the security group of your solution instance (i.e. this is the inbound
firewall of your cloud provider). The access from your local computer to your system instance happens via those
ports (see 'Description' what port is used where).
Please make sure that your outbound firewall (e.g. if you are behind a corporate firewall) allows access through
the needed ports as well. If you encounter problems behind a firewall, a good test is to use a public network (e.g.
from home) or test access via the delivered remote desktop if you can access that through port 3389.
You can edit/add/remove ports manually in the instance details (click on the instance link in the CAL console →
Edit → Virtual Machine → Access Points).
Virtual
Machine*
Protocol
Port (open by
default)
Description
ABAP
SSH
22
Used for secure connection to Linux-based server operating
system
ABAP
HTTPS
44301,
44300,
50000
Used for access of a local web browser to appliance (Fiori etc.).
44301 is the port for the Web Dispatcher, 44300 is https into the
ABAP stack directly, 50000 is http
ABAP
HTTPS
8443
Access to integrated Cloud Connector
ABAP
SAP GUI
3200
Used for access of local SAP GUI to appliance
ABAP
TCP
3300
Used for connection of ABAP Development Tools (Eclipse-
based) to SAP S/4HANA ABAP repository
ABAP
TCP
30213 / 30215
Used for connection of SAP HANA Studio to HANA DB
JAVA
SSH
22
Used for secure connection to Linux-based server operating
system
JAVA
HTTPS
50001
Used for access to SAP NetWeaver Administrator and other
web-based J2EE applications
BIP
SSH
22
Used for secure connection to Linux-based server operating
system
BIP
HTTP
8080 & 6400
Used for HTTP connection to BI platform
WIN
RDP
3389
Used for access from MS Windows remote desktop connection
* JAVA = SAP NetWeaver 7.50 AS JAVA incl. ADS (Adobe Document Service)
ABAP = SAP NetWeaver 7.53 AS ABAP incl. SAP S/4HANA
BIP = SAP BusinessObjects BI Platform 4.2
WIN = MS Windows Remote Desktop
23
Network security considerations
Be aware that creating your instances in the public zone of your cloud computing platform is convenient but less
secure than providing it within your corporate network.
If you want to tighten the security, open as few ports as needed (e.g. only port 22 (SSH) for Linux-based solutions
and port 3389 (RDP) for the Windows remote desktop).
In addition, we also recommend that you limit the access to your instances by defining a specific IP range in the
Access Points settings, using CIDR notation.
The more complex but also more secure alternative to public Internet is to set up a virtual private cloud (VPC) with
VPN access, which is described in this tutorial on SCN.
You must change the initial user passwords provided by SAP when you log onto the system for the first time.
Note that when using HANA based appliances, HANA systems are not installed individually but cloned from a
template system. Because of this cloning process, the existing root keys are cloned. For more information, see
this SAP Note 2134846 - HANA encryption key handling during system cloning.
ABAP user roles and profiles
The ABAP business users listed in chapter 1.4 have a large set of roles and extensive authorizations (including the
SAP_ALL profile).
If you plan to release the appliance to a larger set of users (especially in the Internet scenario), it is advised to
restrict/lock the access with these users (or change the initial passwords) and create your own users with fitting
roles and authorizations.
This can be done using the standard user management capabilities (e.g. tCode SU01, etc.).
Please also note that the user BPINST is used in various RFC connections (tCode SM59) with its fixed password. If
you lock the BPINST user or change its password, please also adapt these connections accordingly.
Certificates
The appliance comes with a certificate that was self-signed by SAP. Most local browsers will issue a warning
message that such a certificate is untrusted, and you will need to add the affected URLs (Fiori launchpad and
others) to the list of trusted sites once.
Hence, if you see messages about unsafe connections, untrusted certificates, etc., please click on “Proceed” or “I
know the risk”, etc. (the screens and needed clicks will vary depending on the browser).
As an alternative, you can also apply your own trusted certificate to the system (using tCode STRUST, etc.).
On the delivered remote desktop, the self-signed certificate has already been imported into the store with trusted
certificates, and you will not see a warning if you access the Fiori launchpad. The web sites of the J2EE server or
the SAP Cloud Connector will still display warnings, please acknowledge the risk and continue as outlined above.
24
5 Solution Provisioning in SAP Cloud
Appliance Library
If you have a user in SAP Cloud Appliance Library, you need to meet the following prerequisites before starting to
use the SAP Cloud Appliance library:
Cloud Provider Configurations
You have a valid account in one of the cloud providers supported by SAP Cloud Appliance Library. If you already
have an active cloud provider account, you can proceed directly with the next section. Otherwise, navigate to the
cloud provider home page and sign up.
For more information about the supported cloud providers, see the FAQ page or this YouTube playlist.
Navigate to SAP Cloud Appliance Library
Open the SAP Cloud Appliance Library in your Web browser using the following link: https://cal.sap.com
For more information about how to use solutions in SAP Cloud Appliance Library, see the official documentation
of SAP Cloud Appliance Library (choose Support → Documentation link and choose (expand all) button to see
all documents in the structure). You can also use the context help in SAP Cloud Appliance Library by choosing the
Help panel from the right side.
25
6 Appendix
Installed Technical Component Details
6.1.1 SAP NetWeaver 7.54 application server ABAP incl. SAP
S/4HANA 1909
Component
Release
SP Level
Support Package
Short Description of Component
SAP_BASIS
754
0000
-
SAP Basis Component
SAP_ABA
75E
0000
-
Cross-Application Component
SAP_GWFND
754
0000
-
SAP Gateway Foundation
SAP_UI
754
0001
SAPK-75401INSAPUI
User Interface Technology
ST-PI
740
0011
SAPK-74011INSTPI
SAP Solution Tools Plug-In
SAP_BW
754
0000
-
SAP Business Warehouse
UIBAS001
500
0000
-
UI for Basis Applications
MDG_FND
804
0000
-
MDG Foundation
S4FND
104
0000
-
Foundation
MDG_APPL
804
0000
-
MDG Applications
MDG_UX
804
0000
-
MDG Additional User Interface
S4CORE
104
0000
-
S4CORE
S4CRM
204
0000
-
S4CRM
SAP_HR
608
0069
SAPKE60869
Human Resources
SAP_HRCAE
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCAE
Subcomponent SAP_HRCAE of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCAR
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCAR
Subcomponent SAP_HRCAR of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCAT
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCAT
Subcomponent SAP_HRCAT of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCAU
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCAU
Subcomponent SAP_HRCAU of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCBE
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCBE
Subcomponent SAP_HRCBE of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCBG
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCBG
Subcomponent SAP_HRCBG of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCBR
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCBR
Subcomponent SAP_HRCBR of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCCA
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCCA
Subcomponent SAP_HRCCA of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCCH
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCCH
Subcomponent SAP_HRCCH of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCCL
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCCL
Subcomponent SAP_HRCCL of
SAP_HR
26
Component
Release
SP Level
Support Package
Short Description of Component
SAP_HRCCN
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCCN
Subcomponent SAP_HRCCN of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCCO
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCCO
Subcomponent SAP_HRCCO of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCCZ
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCCZ
Subcomponent SAP_HRCCZ of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCDE
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCDE
Subcomponent SAP_HRCDE of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCDK
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCDK
Subcomponent SAP_HRCDK of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCEG
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCEG
Subcomponent SAP_HRCEG of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCES
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCES
Subcomponent SAP_HRCES of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCFI
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCFI
Subcomponent SAP_HRCFI of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCFR
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCFR
Subcomponent SAP_HRCFR of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCGB
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCGB
Subcomponent SAP_HRCGB of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCGR
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCGR
Subcomponent SAP_HRCGR of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCHK
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCHK
Subcomponent SAP_HRCHK of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCHR
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCHR
Subcomponent SAP_HRCHR of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCHU
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCHU
Subcomponent SAP_HRCHU of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCID
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCID
Subcomponent SAP_HRCID of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCIE
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCIE
Subcomponent SAP_HRCIE of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCIN
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCIN
Subcomponent SAP_HRCIN of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCIT
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCIT
Subcomponent SAP_HRCIT of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCJP
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCJP
Subcomponent SAP_HRCJP of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCKR
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCKR
Subcomponent SAP_HRCKR of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCKW
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCKW
Subcomponent SAP_HRCKW of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCKZ
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCKZ
Subcomponent SAP_HRCKZ of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCMX
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCMX
Subcomponent SAP_HRCMX of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCMY
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCMY
Subcomponent SAP_HRCMY of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCNL
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCNL
Subcomponent SAP_HRCNL of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCNO
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCNO
Subcomponent SAP_HRCNO of
SAP_HR
27
Component
Release
SP Level
Support Package
Short Description of Component
SAP_HRCNZ
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCNZ
Subcomponent SAP_HRCNZ of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCOM
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCOM
Subcomponent SAP_HRCOM of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCPH
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCPH
Subcomponent SAP_HRCPH of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCPL
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCPL
Subcomponent SAP_HRCPL of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCPT
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCPT
Subcomponent SAP_HRCPT of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCQA
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCQA
Subcomponent SAP_HRCQA of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCRO
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCRO
Subcomponent SAP_HRCRO of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCRU
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCRU
Subcomponent SAP_HRCRU of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCSA
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCSA
Subcomponent SAP_HRCSA of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCSE
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCSE
Subcomponent SAP_HRCSE of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCSG
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCSG
Subcomponent SAP_HRCSG of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCSI
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCSI
Subcomponent SAP_HRCSI of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCSK
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCSK
Subcomponent SAP_HRCSK of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCTH
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCTH
Subcomponent SAP_HRCTH of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCTR
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCTR
Subcomponent SAP_HRCTR of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCTW
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCTW
Subcomponent SAP_HRCTW of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCUA
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCUA
Subcomponent SAP_HRCUA of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCUN
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCUN
Subcomponent SAP_HRCUN of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCUS
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCUS
Subcomponent SAP_HRCUS of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCVE
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCVE
Subcomponent SAP_HRCVE of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRCZA
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRCZA
Subcomponent SAP_HRCZA of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRGXX
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRGXX
Subcomponent SAP_HRGXX of
SAP_HR
SAP_HRRXX
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INSAPHRRXX
Subcomponent SAP_HRRXX of
SAP_HR
EA-DFPS
804
0000
-
SAP Enterprise Extension Defense
Forces & Public Security
EA-HR
608
0069
SAPK-60869INEAHR
SAP Enterprise Extension HR
EA-HRCAE
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCAE
Subcomponent EA-HRCAE of EA-
HR
EA-HRCAR
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCAR
Subcomponent EA-HRCAR of EA-
HR
28
Component
Release
SP Level
Support Package
Short Description of Component
EA-HRCAT
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCAT
Subcomponent EA-HRCAT of EA-
HR
EA-HRCAU
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCAU
Subcomponent EA-HRCAU of EA-
HR
EA-HRCBE
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCBE
Subcomponent EA-HRCBE of EA-
HR
EA-HRCBG
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCBG
Subcomponent EA-HRCBG of EA-
HR
EA-HRCBR
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCBR
Subcomponent EA-HRCBR of EA-
HR
EA-HRCCA
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCCA
Subcomponent EA-HRCCA of EA-
HR
EA-HRCCH
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCCH
Subcomponent EA-HRCCH of EA-
HR
EA-HRCCL
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCCL
Subcomponent EA-HRCCL of EA-
HR
EA-HRCCN
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCCN
Subcomponent EA-HRCCN of EA-
HR
EA-HRCCO
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCCO
Subcomponent EA-HRCCO of EA-
HR
EA-HRCCZ
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCCZ
Subcomponent EA-HRCCZ of EA-
HR
EA-HRCDE
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCDE
Subcomponent EA-HRCDE of EA-
HR
EA-HRCDK
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCDK
Subcomponent EA-HRCDK of EA-
HR
EA-HRCEG
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCEG
Sub component EA-HRCEG of EA-
HR
EA-HRCES
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCES
Subcomponent EA-HRCES of EA-
HR
EA-HRCFI
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCFI
Subcomponent EA-HRCFI of EA-HR
EA-HRCFR
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCFR
Subcomponent EA-HRCFR of EA-
HR
EA-HRCGB
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCGB
Subcomponent EA-HRCGB of EA-
HR
EA-HRCGR
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCGR
Subcomponent EA-HRCGR of EA-
HR
EA-HRCHK
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCHK
Subcomponent EA-HRCHK of EA-
HR
EA-HRCHR
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCHR
Subcomponent EA-HRCHR of EA-
HR
EA-HRCHU
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCHU
Subcomponent EA-HRCHU of EA-
HR
EA-HRCID
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCID
Subcomponent EA-HRCID of EA-HR
EA-HRCIE
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCIE
Subcomponent EA-HRCIE of EA-HR
EA-HRCIN
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCIN
Subcomponent EA-HRCIN of EA-HR
EA-HRCIT
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCIT
Subcomponent EA-HRCIT of EA-HR
29
Component
Release
SP Level
Support Package
Short Description of Component
EA-HRCJP
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCJP
Subcomponent EA-HRCJP of EA-
HR
EA-HRCKR
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCKR
Subcomponent EA-HRCKR of EA-
HR
EA-HRCKW
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCKW
Subcomponent EA-HRCKW of EA-
HR
EA-HRCKZ
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCKZ
Subcomponent EA-HRCKZ of EA-
HR
EA-HRCMX
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCMX
Subcomponent EA-HRCMX of EA-
HR
EA-HRCMY
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCMY
Subcomponent EA-HRCMY of EA-
HR
EA-HRCNL
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCNL
Subcomponent EA-HRCNL of EA-
HR
EA-HRCNO
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCNO
Subcomponent EA-HRCNO of EA-
HR
EA-HRCNZ
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCNZ
Subcomponent EA-HRCNZ of EA-
HR
EA-HRCOM
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCOM
Subcomponent EA-HRCOM of EA-
HR
EA-HRCPH
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCPH
Subcomponent EA-HRCPH of EA-
HR
EA-HRCPL
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCPL
Subcomponent EA-HRCPL of EA-
HR
EA-HRCPT
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCPT
Subcomponent EA-HRCPT of EA-
HR
EA-HRCQA
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCQA
Subcomponent EA-HRCQA of EA-
HR
EA-HRCRO
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCRO
Subcomponent EA-HRCRO of EA-
HR
EA-HRCRU
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCRU
Subcomponent EA-HRCRU of EA-
HR
EA-HRCSA
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCSA
Subcomponent EA-HRCSA of EA-
HR
EA-HRCSE
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCSE
Subcomponent EA-HRCSE of EA-
HR
EA-HRCSG
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCSG
Subcomponent EA-HRCSG of EA-
HR
EA-HRCSI
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCSI
Subcomponent EA-HRCSI of EA-HR
EA-HRCSK
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCSK
Subcomponent EA-HRCSK of EA-
HR
EA-HRCTH
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCTH
Subcomponent EA-HRCTH of EA-
HR
EA-HRCTR
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCTR
Subcomponent EA-HRCTR of EA-
HR
EA-HRCTW
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCTW
Subcomponent EA-HRCTW of EA-
HR
EA-HRCUA
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCUA
Subcomponent EA-HRCUA of EA-
HR
EA-HRCUN
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCUN
Subcomponent EA-HRCUN of EA-
HR
30
Component
Release
SP Level
Support Package
Short Description of Component
EA-HRCUS
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCUS
Subcomponent EA-HRCUS of EA-
HR
EA-HRCVE
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCVE
Subcomponent EA-HRCVE of EA-
HR
EA-HRCZA
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRCZA
Subcomponent EA-HRCZA of EA-
HR
EA-HRGXX
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRGXX
Subcomponent EA-HRGXX of EA-
HR
EA-HRRXX
608
0069
SAPK-
60869INEAHRRXX
Subcomponent EA-HRRXX of EA-
HR
EA-PS
804
0000
-
SAP Enterprise Extension Public
Services
FI-CAX
804
0000
-
FI-CA Extended
INSURANCE
804
0000
-
SAP Insurance
IS-OIL
804
0000
-
IS-OIL
IS-PRA
804
0000
-
SAP IS-PRA
IS-PS-CA
804
0000
-
IS-PUBLIC SECTOR CONTRACT
ACCOUNTING
IS-UT
804
0000
-
SAP Utilities/Telecommunication
S4COREOP
104
0000
-
S/4HANA, On-Premise only parts
GBX01HR
600
0013
SAPK-
60013INGBX01HR
FIORI X1 HCM
GBX01HR5
605
0010
SAPK-
60510INGBX01HR5
FIORI X1 HCM
SRA004
600
0011
SAPK-60011INSRA004
Create Travel Request OData
Integration
UIAPFI70
700
0000
-
UI SFIN
UIHR001
100
0013
SAPK-
10013INUIHR001
UI for ERP Human Capital
Management
UIHR002
100
0006
SAPK-
10006INUIHR002
UI for ERP Human Capital
Management 100
UIS4HOP1
500
0000
-
UI for S/4HANA On Premise
PERSONAS
300
0009
SAPK-
30009INPERSONAS
PERSONAS - SAP GUI
PERSONALISATION
ST-A/PI
01T_731
0002
SAPKITAB9W
Servicetools for SAP Basis 731 and
highe
6.1.2 SAP NetWeaver 7.50 application server JAVA with
Adobe Document Services installed
Product Name
Name
Version
Vendor
Description
SAP NETWAVER
J2EE
7.50
12
sap.com
SAP NETWEAVER 7.5: Adobe Document Services
SAP NETWAVER
J2EE
7.50
12
sap.com
SAP NETWEAVER 7.5: Application Server Java
31
6.1.3 Windows Remote Desktop
o SAP GUI for Windows 7.50
o SAP HANA Studio & ABAP Development Tools
o SAP Lumira 2.0 (Discovery & Designer)
o Google Chrome
o Mozilla Firefox
6.1.4 SAP BusinessObjects BI Platform 4.2
o SBOP BI PLATFORM 4.2 SP07 SERVER LINUX (64B)
o SAP Lumira Server for BI Platform
How to change the hosts file on Apple Mac
This section describes how to add the IP addresses of your instance to the hosts file on an Apple computer.
1. Start by toggling your Mac privileges so you are an administrator
2. Make sure you are now in administrator mode
3. Open a Finder Window
32
4. In Applications, find
Terminal
in the Utilities folder
5. Open the
Terminal
utility
6. Type in:
sudo nano /etc/hosts
7. You will be asked to provide your administrator password.
Once you have successfully entered your password, you can edit the file.
8. Add the necessary lines as described in chapter 2 of this guide.
9. When you are done, press CTRL + O to save
10. Press ENTER to confirm overwrite of file
11. Press CTRL + X to exit
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