OXFORD UNIVERSITY CALENDAR: RULES FOR DEGREES AND OTHER POSTNOMINALS, AND FORMS OF DIVISIONAL AND COLLEGE ENTRIES

OXFORD UNIVERSITY CALENDAR: NOTES ON STYLE 22.2.18

This document may be downloaded from www.ox.ac.uk/gazette/calendar/

CONTENTS

Degrees and other postnominals

1. Overall order 2

2. Order of degrees 2

3. No full stops in abbreviations 3

4. Need for precision 3

5. Punctuation between degrees 3

6. University names 3

7. Degree levels 4

8. Federal universities (London, Wales, Ireland, US states) 4

9. Lambeth degrees 6

10. Medical memberships/fellowships, Royal Colleges, etc 6

11. FBA, FRS, etc 6

Committee listings

1. Showing actual current membership 7

2. Classifying groups of members 7

3. Ex officio members 7

4. Elected or appointed members 7

5. Appointing Body references 7

6. Groupings of members 8

7. Format of names 8

8. Chair 8

9. Position of VC 8

Divisional sections

1. Style for individual faculty/department member entries 9

2. Statutory professors 9

3. Non-statutory professors and readers 9

4. Associate professors 9

5. Persons not employees of the University 9

6. Emeritus professors and readers 9

College sections

1. Form of names 11

2. Royalty 11

3. Peers 11

4. Degrees and postnominals 11

5. Dates of appointment/election 11

6. Symbols 12

7. Offices held 12

8. Notes 13

Abbreviations for British and Irish universities 14

DEGREES AND OTHER POSTNOMINALS

NOTE: The Calendar does not include certain postnominals in the divisional sections. These

include qualifications indicating academic membership of professional bodies such as FRS,

FBA etc, and honours such as CBE, OBE etc. The exception is medical memberships and

professional/administrative ones that are required to practise in a field. However, all

designations are included in the college entries.

1. Overall order

The overall order is civil honours; military honours; QC; degrees; diplomas; certificates;

membership of academic or professional bodies.

 ‘Diploma’ when used on its own (ie when not part of an abbreviation such as ‘DEA’)

should be abbreviated as ‘Dipl’ (but the qualification ‘Vordiplom’ should not

abbreviated).

 Diplomas should be placed after degrees, even when the diploma is equivalent to a first

degree.

 Postnominals denoting membership of a Roman Catholic religious order (SJ, OP, etc)

should immediately follow the name.

2. Order of degrees

Degrees should be given in the order (note that lists of examples are not exhaustive):

 bachelors’ and/or other first degrees in alphabetical order (merging UK and non-UK

lists if appropriate)

(a) UK first degrees include: BA, BCL, BDS, BEd, BM BCh

, BMedSci, BMSc,

BSc, BTech, BVM&S, LLB, STB

(b) non-UK first degrees include: BMedSc, Cand, Diplom, Laurea, Lic, L ès L,

PhL, STL

a further degree. An Oxford BCL will precede an Oxford MA

Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery may, depending on the awarding body, be abbreviated

as: BM BCh, BM BS, BMed, MB BCh, MB BCh BAO (Ireland), MB BChir, MB BS, MB ChB

 masters’ or equivalent degrees in alphabetical order (merging UK and non-UK lists if

appropriate)

(a) UK masters’ (and equivalent) degrees include: LLM, MA (including

Oxford/Cambridge MA and Oxford MA status (to be shown as ‘MA status

Oxf’), MBA, MBiochem, MChem, MCompSci, MEarthSci, MEng, MFA,

MLitt, MMath, MPhil, MPhys, MRes, MS, MSc, MSci, MSt

(b) non-UK masters’ degrees include: Artsexamen, DEA, Drs, EM, Magister,

Mag rer nat, Maîtrise, MPH, MS, Staatsexamen

degree is in fact a first degree

 doctorates and higher degrees in that order where both apply

(a) doctorates: CSc, EdD/DEd, DClinPsy, Dott, DPhil/PhD, Dr phil, Dr theol

(b) higher degrees should be listed in the order of academic precedence set out in

Council Regulations 22 of 2002:

DD/STD, DCL, DM/MD, DLitt, DSc/ScD, DMus

 postdoctoral qualifications

(a) the Habilitation qualification (abbreviated as ‘habil’) should be listed after a

doctorate

(b) diplomas and certificates come at the end of the list: BVC, CertMedEd/

PGCertMedEd, DCH, DEEA, DipCogTh, Dipl, DipLATHE, DiplBiol,

DipPaeds, DipPsych, DTM&H, MRCP, PGCE.

Individual preference should be followed in using the forms ‘AB’ (instead of ‘BA’) or ‘AM’

(instead of ‘MA’).

In the case of Oxford and Cambridge graduates, ‘BA’ should only be included if the person

has not taken the MA. ‘BA MA Oxf’ should not appear.

In the case of incorporated degrees, the original degree and the incorporated degree should be

shown: eg ‘MA Dub, MA Oxf’.

3. No full stops in abbreviations

All abbreviations of degrees and other distinctions, whether all upper-case or a mixture of

upper- and lower-case, should appear without internal full stops as in the examples above.

4. Need for precision

Every effort should be made to name degrees precisely. Expressions such as ‘Degree in...’

should be avoided.

5. Punctuation between degrees

A space (no comma) is used to separate degrees from the same institution, and a comma is

used to separate sets of degrees from different institutions, eg ‘BA BSc Auckland, MSc PhD

Michigan’.

6. University names

 Omit ‘University [of]’ and translations thereof from the name of institutions.

 Use ‘TU/UT’ to indicate technical universities and translations thereof.

 Give the name of the awarding university, not its country – for example ‘MSc

Budapest’, not ‘MSc Hungary’.

 Use the English forms of place-names: Cologne, not Köln; Turin, not Torino; Basle, not

Basel.

 Where there is no risk of confusion, the name of a city should be used in place of the

full name of a university, eg ‘Berlin’ instead of ‘Humboldt University, Berlin’;

‘Munich’ instead of ‘Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich’. Where there is more

than one university in a town, use differentiation (eg Oxf/Oxf Brookes).

 Names of British and Irish universities should be abbreviated: see list of abbreviations,

below. Names should be given in full for universities not in this list. Note that ‘Oxf’

is used for ‘Oxford’.

Since the form ‘Oxf’ was introduced in early 2007 in the Gazette, it has been criticised by some

readers. It is used because it follows the established pattern of most university abbreviations in the

Calendar, of first syllable plus first consonant of second syllable – found for example in ‘Camb’,

‘Durh’, ‘Lond’, ‘Warw’. It is not feasible to use the form ‘Oxon’ because to do so would entail

Latinising all of the very many university names which occur in the Calendar.

7. Degree levels

 Where degrees of the same level have been gained from different universities, same-

level degrees will be arranged in sets and in alphabetical order of the name of the

university, eg ‘BA Durh, BA Lond, MPhil Oxf, MA York’, or ‘MA PhD Camb, MA

DPhil Oxf’.

 Where degrees of different levels have been gained from the same university, all of the

degrees gained from one university are grouped together, the position of the group of

degrees being determined by the lower degree of the group: for example:

(a)‘BA PhD Lond, MA Oxf, PhD Camb’ (the position of ‘BA PhD’ precedes

‘MA’, which precedes ‘PhD’)

(b)‘MA Aberd, MSc PhD Lond’ (‘MA’ and ‘MSc PhD’ are on the same level:

Aberdeen precedes alphabetically).

8. Federal universities

Please note the following:

Imperial College London

Imperial College London withdrew from the University of London in July 2007; degrees

awarded by Imperial should be given as ‘Imp’.

University of London

Degrees awarded by these institutions should be shown as:

King’s College London KCL

London School of Economics LSE

Institute of Education IOE Lond

University College London UCL

Birkbeck, University of London Birkbeck

Central School of Speech and Drama Central School of Speech and Drama

Courtauld Institute of Art Courtauld

Goldsmiths, University of London Goldsmiths

Heythrop College Heythrop

Institute of Cancer Research Institute of Cancer Research Lond

London Business School London Business School

London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine LSHTM

Queen Mary QMUL

Royal Academy of Music RAM

Royal Holloway RHUL

Royal Veterinary College RVC

St George’s, University of London St George’s Lond

School of Oriental and African Studies SOAS

School of Pharmacy School of Pharmacy Lond

Medical degrees awarded by the following should also appear as:

Barts & London School of Medicine & Dentistry Lond

St George’s Medical School Lond

Royal Free & University College Medical School Lond

UCL Medical School Lond

University of Wales and Cardiff University

Degrees awarded by the following institutions of the University of Wales should appear as

follows:

Aberystwyth University Aberystwyth

Bangor University Bangor

North East Wales Institute of Higher Education NE Wales

Swansea Metropolitan University Swansea Met

Swansea University Swansea

Trinity College, Carmarthen Trinity Carmarthen

University of Wales Institute, Cardiff Card Institute

University of Wales, Lampeter Lampeter

University of Wales, Newport Newport

University of Wales, Cardiff Card

Non-medical degrees awarded by Cardiff University since August 2004 should be shown as

‘Card’; medical degrees awarded by Cardiff University should continue to be shown as

‘Wales’.

Irish universities

The abbrevation ‘NUI’ should be used for degrees of the following institutions of the National

University of Ireland:

University College Dublin – National University of Ireland, Dublin

University College Cork – National University of Ireland, Cork

National University of Ireland, Galway

National University of Ireland, Maynooth

Degrees awarded by Trinity College Dublin should appear as ‘Dub’, and degrees awarded by

Dublin City University should appear as ‘Dub City’.

US state universities

For degrees awarded by US state universities, the usual local convention should be followed

in identifying the relevant university and campus. Examples are:

Massachusetts (the main campus of the University of Massachusetts)

Massachusetts at Lowell (a branch of the University of Massachusetts; not the main

campus)

UCLA (University of California, Los Angeles)

Berkeley (University of California, Berkeley)

Abbreviations such as ‘UCLA’ should be used only when they are very familiar outside the

US. It is usually preferable to give the name in full – for example ‘California at San Diego’

and not ‘UCSD’.

9. Lambeth degrees

Degrees and diplomas awarded by the Archbishop of Canterbury should be identified as

‘Cantuar’, eg ‘DD Cantuar’. This applies to degrees and diplomas awarded after examination,

by thesis, or in recognition of service to the church. The Lambeth Diploma of Studentship in

Theology should be shown as ‘STh Cantuar’.

10. Medical memberships/fellowships: Royal Colleges etc

If a person has more than one medical membership/fellowship, the memberships/fellowships

should appear in alphabetical order.

Fellowship/membership of the Royal Colleges of Physicians and Surgeons should appear as

in the examples below:

F/MRCP (Fellow/Member of the Royal College of Physicians of London)

F/MRCP (Edin) (Fellow/Member of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh)

F/MRCP (Ireland) (Fellow/Member of the Royal College of Physicians of Ireland)

F/MRCS (Fellow/Member of the Royal College of Surgeons of London)

F/MRCS (Edin) (Fellow/Member of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh)

F/MRCS (Ireland) (Fellow/Member of the Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland)

F/MRCPS (Glas) (Fellow/Member of the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of

Glasgow)

11. FBA, FRS, etc

Qualifications such as FRS, FBA, and qualifications indicating membership of professional

bodies should not be included in the divisional sections; but they can be included in college

listings. Multiple such qualifications should be placed in alphabetical order.

COMMITTEE LISTINGS

NB: If we do not receive updated information for a committee, or confirmation that

nothing has changed, we will not publish details of that committee in the Calendar.

1. Show actual current membership

Committee listings in the Calendar should show the actual membership for the coming year,

and should not replicate the wording of the regulations establishing the committee – for

example, wording such as ‘A representative of ...’, or ‘A member of ...’ should not be

included: instead, the names of the members should be given, preceded by the reference for

the appropriate Appointing Body. Please check membership against regulations or

statutes for the committee and update membership if necessary.

2. Classifying groups of members

Sub-headings should be used to classify each group of members of a committee. Appropriate

sub-headings will often be ‘Ex officio Members’, ‘Elected or appointed Members’, and ‘Co-

opted Members’, but committees will have particular needs in this respect (for example

‘Oxford Members’, ‘Area Representatives’ etc).

3. Ex officio members

Ex officio members should be shown by name of post only for the following (the name of the

current holder not being added):

The Vice-Chancellor

Pro-Vice-Chancellors

The Proctors and the Assessor

The Registrar

The Public Orator

Bodley’s Librarian

Heads of division

Director of the Department for Continuing Education

Heads of house

Office-holders in the Conference of Colleges

(The names of the current holders of these positions can readily be found elsewhere in the

Calendar.)

In the case of other ex officio members, including professors (statutory and other), readers and

lecturers, the name of the post should be given, followed by the name of the current holder in

round brackets. If the post is currently vacant, its name should be given, followed by

‘(Vacancy)’.

4. Elected or appointed Members

Members elected or appointed by any of the Appointing Bodies should be grouped under the

sub-heading ‘ Elected or appointed Members’ (for simplicity, this wording is used even if

those listed are all either elected or appointed).

5. Appointing Body references

Appointing Body references should be used only for elected or appointed members, not for ex

officio members. (Occasionally a person may serve on a committee in two capacities, ex

officio and elected or appointed: this should be explained in a footnote.)

6. Groupings of members

Elected or appointed members should be grouped firstly by the terminal date of appointment,

then alphabetically within that sub-group; a vacancy should be listed after the named

members. Members without a terminal date should be listed after those with a date,

alphabetically. For example:

Dr A Jones MT 2013

Dr K Smith MT 2013

Dr A Johnson MT 2014

Dr C Williams MT 2014

Vacancy MT 2014

Mrs E Brown

Dr H Green

Other groups of members whose names are given should be arranged firstly by the terminal

date of appointment (if there is one) then alphabetically.

Remember that MT of any calendar year follows HT and TT of that year, as it begins the next

academic year.

7. Format of names

Where a name is given, the format is: appointing body reference (if appropriate), title, initials

(without full stops), surname, college affiliation (if appropriate). Degrees and other

postnominals are not included.

8. Chair

The chair should not be listed separately, but in the appropriate place, with the word

‘Chair’ in round brackets after the name, or, in the case of the ex officio members listed in 3

above, after the name of the post.

9. Position of VC

Where the Vice-Chancellor is statutorily a member of a committee but has appointed a chair

in his/her place, he/she should be listed with the ex officio members, but within square

brackets: ‘[Vice-Chancellor]’. The chair should then be listed with the elected or appointed

members, with the Appointing Body reference ‘[1.6]’, his or her name followed by ‘(Chair)’.

DIVISIONAL SECTIONS

1. Style for individual faculty/department member entries

Entries for individual faculty members should appear as in the following example:

1998 R C T Smith, MA Camb, MA DPhil Oxf, Fellow of St Hugh’s Professor of History

These components should all be included:

(i) year of appointment

(ii) initials, without full stops and with a space between multiple initials

(iii) surname

(iv) degrees and other postnominals, as set out above. Note that honorary degrees are

not included

(v) details of college fellowship.

Note: we no longer include the terminal year of appointments for faculty/department entries.

2. Statutory professors

In the case of statutory professors, the symbol ‡ (‘double dagger’) should appear between the

year of appointment and the name. (This symbol can be found under the ‘Insert/Symbol’

menu in Word.)

3. Non-statutory professors and readers

Non-statutory professors and readers are included in the lists of professors and readers.

4. Associate professors

The grades of ‘Associate Professor’ and ‘Associate Professor (titular)’ came into use in

2014. Accordingly, two new categories were created in faculty and departmental entries:

1) ‘Associate Professor’ now includes everyone previously listed under University

Lecturer, University Lecturer (Medical), CUF Lecturer, Faculty Lecturer and ULNTF

Lecturer

2) ‘Associate Professor (titular)’ now includes everyone previously listed under

Titular CUF Lecturer and Supernumerary Titular CUF Lecturer.

All other grades remain the same.

Please note: if your divisional office has determined that anyone with the title of University

Research Lecturer may now use the title of Associate Professor, they should also be

included under the ‘Associate Professor (titular)’ heading.

5. Persons not employees of the University

Persons who are not employees of the University, but have been awarded a distinction title,

must be included in the appropriate faculty or departmental listing of professors or readers.

6. Emeritus Professors and Readers

Please include those who are now emeritus professors or readers in the ‘Emeritus’ section.

With regard to the transfer of entries to the ‘Emeritus’ listing, please note the following

extract from Council Regulations 3 of 2004

(www.admin.ox.ac.uk/statutes/regulations/185-084.shtml#_Toc87060904):

‘9. The following shall hold the title of Professor Emeritus:

(1) any person who has retired over the age of 60 from a professorship, including a personal

or titular professorship;

(2) any person who has retired from a professorship and on whom the title has been

conferred by resolution of Council.

10. The following shall hold the title of Reader Emeritus:

(1) any person who has retired over the age of 60 from a readership, including a personal or

titular readership;

(2) any person who has retired from a readership and on whom the title has been conferred

by resolution of Council.’

COLLEGE SECTIONS

1. Form of names

Names should be entered in inverted form, surname followed by full forenames (not initials):

Smith, Derek Aloysius

If someone is known by a name other than their given first name (eg a middle name), give

their given name in brackets between the surname and the name by which they are known:

Smith, (Derek) Aloysius

2. Royalty

The current monarch should be shown as ‘HM The Queen’.

In other cases, where appropriate, the first word of the entry should be the person’s territorial

designation, eg:

Japan, HIH Crown Prince Naruhito of

Jordan, HRH Prince el-Hassan bin Talal of

Wales, HRH Prince Charles, Prince of

In British usage, ‘His/Her Majesty’ is a style used for the king or queen; ‘His/Her Royal

Highness’ is used for princes and princesses. Examples are:

Edward, HRH Prince

Anne, HRH Princess, the Princess Royal

3. Peers

The recommended style for life peers is surname, forenames, title, honours and degrees. For

example:

Armstrong, Robert Temple, the Rt Hon Lord Armstrong of Ilminster, CVO, GCB, MA

Oxf

For hereditary peers their title alone is used.

A royal peer should be listed as:

Edinburgh, HRH Prince Philip, Duke of

4. Degrees and postnominals

See Part I.

Note that honorary degrees should be listed in an end-note, unless the holder already has a

degree from the same university. For example:

Hawke, Robert James Lee, BLitt Hon DCL Oxf

Honorary degrees can also be listed in the holder’s entry if they only have one or two and if

those would be the only entries in their end-note.

5. Dates of appointment/election

For heads of house and governing body fellows, the date of election to the headship or current

fellowship should appear to the left of the name. Some colleges also add the date of

appointment or election for other fellows or postholders.

6. Symbols

Note: the following symbols can be found under the ‘Insert/Symbol’ menu in Word.

ρ (rho)

The Greek letter rho against a name indicates that the person is a former Rhodes

Scholar. This symbol should precede the name.

The following symbols are used, where appropriate, after the name, honours and degrees.

Where the name is followed by the title of the post held in italics (Tutor in Mathematics, for

example), the symbols are placed immediately before the title of the post. The symbols are

used in the order given here.

* (asterisk)

Indicates that a person is entered in the Calendar as a fellow or honorary fellow of more

than one college. Heads of house, for example, may hold honorary fellowships at other

colleges; honorary fellows may hold such fellowships as more than one college. The

index can be consulted for a cross-reference to the other college or colleges.

¶ (paragraph mark)

Indicates that a person holds a University post other than a statutory professorship or

readership.

‡ (double dagger symbol)

Indicates that a person holds a statutory professorship or readership in the University; in

the divisional lists, such persons will normally have the same symbol following the year

of appointment. (The one exception is a person holding a statutory readership in

conjunction with the title of professor, whom the faculty or department will have listed

as professor without the double dagger symbol.)

The paragraph mark and the double dagger symbol identify someone as holding a University

post; the index may be consulted for a cross-reference to the post held. Their omission

indicates that a person does not hold a joint or entitled post. Entries should not have both a

double dagger and a paragraph mark; the double dagger takes precedence if someone holds a

statutory professorship and a non-statutory post.

§ (section mark)

Indicates that further information will be found in the notes at the end of the entry.

When combined, the asterisk, paragraph mark/double dagger symbol and section mark should

appear in this order, for example:

Smith, John Arthur, BA Lond, MA Oxf, PhD Camb * ¶ §

This shows that the person is also listed in another college entry and is the holder of a

University post, and that a note will be found at the end of the entry.

7. Offices held

Title(s) of offices held are printed in italics, without a preceding comma.

8. Notes

The note should be introduced by surname, comma, first name in bold. More than this is

usually unnecessary, as the point is to identify the person to whom the note refers; his or her

full name will be given in the main entry. If they are known by a different name to their given

first name, as long as the offical name has been given in brackets in the main entry (see ‘Form

of names’ above) only the preferred name need be used in the notes.

Notes are used to list past and present senior office/academic posts in the University, and

current posts outside it (information of this kind should always be transferred to a note, not

placed in the main entry). Dates of appointment should follow details of the office or post,

without a comma, eg ‘Professor of Physics 1980–90’ or (in the case of a continuing post)

‘Professor of Physics 2000–’. Semi-colons should separate the details of each office or post;

full stops should not be used, and the note should not end with a full stop.

Notes should include only these listings, in this order:

Oxford affiliations/posts

only current/emeritus posts at other universities

only current professional affiliations (eg posts, memberships, fellowships)

only current or very important previous political positions (eg past heads of state,

university chancellors)

all honorary degrees

 Listings should be in date order, within the categories above

 For university names, use abbreviated forms as used in the rest of the Calendar

(eg Warw, Leic)

 After Oxford colleges, don’t use ‘College’ (except for New College and

University College)

 For Cambridge colleges, use ‘College’ after the name and then a comma and

‘Camb’ (eg ‘Trinity College, Camb’)

 If the note will be only one or two honorary degrees, and no other information,

the note may be omitted and the honorary degree information included in the main

entry

ABBREVIATIONS FOR BRITISH AND IRISH UNIVERSITIES

Note: names are to be given in full for universities not in this list.

Aberdeen

Aberd

Liverpool Hope

Liv Hope

Abertay Dundee

Aber Dund

Liverpool John Moores

Liv J Moores

Anglia Ruskin University

Ang Rus

London*

Lond

University of the Arts, Lond

Arts Lond

London Metropolitan

Lond Met

University of Bedfordshire

Bedf

London School of Economics

and Political Science*

LSE

Belfast (Queen's University)

Belf

London South Bank

Lond SB

Birmingham

Birm

Loughborough

Lough

Birmingham City

Birm City

Manchester

Manc

Bournemouth

Bourne

Manchester Metropolitan

Manc Met

Bradford

Brad

Middlesex

Middx

Brighton

Brigh

Newcastle upon Tyne

Newc

Bristol

Brist

North London

North Lond

Brunel

Brun

Northampton

N’ton

Buckingham

Buck

Northumbria

N’ria

Cambridge

Camb

Nottingham

Nott

Canterbury Christ Church

Cant Univ

Nottingham Trent

Nott Trent

Cardiff*

Card

Oxford

Oxf

Central Lancashire

Cen Lancs

Oxford Brookes

Oxf Brookes

Chester

Ches

Plymouth

Plym

Chichester

Chich

Portsmouth

Port

City University London

City Lond

Queen Margaret

Qu Marg

Coventry

Cov

Reading

R'dg

Cumbria

Cumb

Robert Gordon

Robt Gor

Cranfield

Cran

Roehampton

Roeh

De Montfort

De Mont

Royal Academy of Music

RAM

Dublin (Univ of) (Trinity Coll, Dub)*

Dub

Royal College of Art

RCA

Dublin City*

Dub City

Royal College of Music

RCM

Dundee

Dund

Royal Veterinary College

RVC

Durham

Durh

St Andrews

St And

East Anglia

East Ang

Salford

Salf

East London

East Lond

Sheffield

Sheff

Institute of Education (London)*

IOE Lond

Sheffield Hallam

Sheff Hallam

Edinburgh

Edin

Southampton

S'ton

Exeter

Exe

Southampton Solent

S’ton Sol

Glamorgan

Glam

Staffordshire

Staffs

Glasgow

Glas

Stirling

Stir

Glasgow Caledonian

Glas Cal

Strathclyde

Strath

Gloucestershire

Glouc

Sunderland

Sund

Greenwich

Greenw

Surrey

Sur

Guildhall School of Music and Drama

GSMD

Sussex

Sus

Heriot-Watt

H-W

Teesside

Tees

Hertfordshire

Herts

Thames Valley

Thames V

Huddersfield

Hudd

University College London*

UCL

Imperial College London*

Imp Lond

Wales, University of*

Wales

Ireland, National University of*

NUI

Warwick

Warw

King’s College London*

KCL

West of England, Bristol

West Eng

Lancaster

Lanc

West of Scotland

West Scot

Leeds Metropolitan

Leeds Met

Westminster

Westmin

Leicester

Leic

Winchester

Winc

Lincoln

Linc

Wolverhampton

Wolv

Liverpool

Liv

Worcester

Worc

* See ‘Degrees and other postnominals’, para 8, above.