Government of India
Ministry of Jal Shakti
Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation
National Jal Jeevan Mission
New Delhi 110 003
December, 2019
OPERATIONAL GUIDELINES FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF
JAL JEEVAN MISSION
Har Ghar Jal
Source: IMIS, DDWS
>75%
41% - 75%
11% - 40%
0% - 10%
Statewise
Tap Connecons
JAL JEEVAN MISSION
Status of household tap connecons as on 1.4.2019
OPERATIONAL GUIDELINES FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF
JAL JEEVAN MISSION
Har Ghar Jal
Government of India
Ministry of Jal Shakti
Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation
National Jal Jeevan Mission
New Delhi 110 003
ii
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Water is the source of
happiness, energy, health and piety,
and is life giving as mother!
iii
iv
Shri Narendra Modi
Prime Minister of India
... And so I declare from the Red Fort
today that in the days to come, we will
take forward the Jal Jeevan Mission.
The central and the state governments
will jointly work on this Jal Jeevan
Mission. We have promised to spend
more than Rs. 3.50 lakh crores on this
mission in the coming years...
...in the next five years, we have to do
more than four mes the work that
has been done in the last 70 years...
(Extract from the Independence day address of Hon'ble Prime
Minister from rampart of Red Fort on 15 August, 2019)
v
he soul of India lives in its hard-working people. There can be a debate on whether
T
governments have played their role sufficiently well in India's development
trajectory, but there can never be a debate on whether the people of India have
played their role sufficiently well. With or without facilies, with or without government
help, they have always been at the forefront of taking India ahead.
The best way to complement this 'can do' spirit of 130 crore Indians is to enable their
forward movement. To improve quality of life of people, since 2014, our government has
been working relessly to enhance the quality of life and well-being of people. We have
focused especially on those who dreamed of a beer life for their families, but were never
empowered with the means to realize those dreams.
Speed, scale and single-minded focus – these have helped us work towards ensuring housing
for all, electricity to every household, a toilet to every family, smoke-free lives for women,
financial inclusion for every family, social security for all, affordable healthcare for all, roads,
broadband connecvity and much more. Tasks that looked impossible have been
accomplished - with whole-hearted support of the people.
Right from the me I was a student and even now, schools have kept teaching students that
access to clean drinking water is a basic necessity. If water has been called a basic necessity
for so many decades, but has not been made universally accessible, how can we become a
naon that leads the world in this century? We have therefore resolved to ensure that all 18
crore households across all villages will have potable water supply by 2024. To accomplish
this daunng task, we have launched the Jal Jeevan Mission, in partnership with States, to
not only provide tap water connecons; but the goal is that every home gets drinking water
in adequate quanty of prescribed quality on a regular and long-term basis.
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Prime Minister
Foreword
New Delhi
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21 December 2019
The foundaon of good public health is access to clean, potable water. Most major diseases
spread through water. Various studies have shown that the world could prevent lakhs of
child deaths just through access to safe water. 'Nal Se Jal’ is an important way of improving
the health of the poor, because it is oen the poor who get impacted by lack of safe water
and fall prey to diseases. Another benefit will be that rural women, who suffer the drudgery
of having to travel long distances to bring water home will be saved from the ordeal. Just like
Ujjwala saved them from firewood collecon, this too will save me, energy and also
ensure safety.
In this endeavor, I appeal to all stakeholders especially rural communies to work together
so that water becomes a shared commitment. This is to become a 'Jan Aandolan -a people's
movement and water ‘everyone's business'. For long-term drinking water security, it is
important that local communies and Gram Panchayats come forward and take
responsibility to manage in-village water supply systems and their water resources; and
reuse greywater. The community must have a sense of ownership of the assets being
created under this Mission.
Let us work together to conserve every drop of water, provide safe drinking water to every
rural family and thus achieve drinking water security for our future generaons.
I wish the Jal Jeevan Mission all success!
vi
(Narendra Modi)
vii
Foreword
Under the visionary leadership of the Hon’ble Prime Minister, India embarked on a historic journey in 2019
with the seng up of the Jal Shak Mantralaya -by integrang two of the largest government departments
dealing with water: The Ministry of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenaon, and the
Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitaon. This bold step for instuonal integraon brought together two
key departments in order to strengthen efforts for a holisc approach to the water sector.
Having delivered on basic services like roads, electricity, bank accounts, houses, LPG cylinder facilies and
toilets, the Hon’ble Prime Minister on 15 August from the ramparts of the Red Fort, brought water to the
center of the development agenda. He emphasized the centuries old legacy of drudgery faced by women and
young girls across rural India who walk kilometers everyday just to secure a minimal amount of potable
water. Addressing this challenge as one that must be overcome, he announced the Jal Jeevan Mission -a me
bound effort to ensure Har Ghar Jal by 2024.
The Jal Jeevan Mission is a flagship scheme of the government which seeks to not only provides funconal
household tap connecons for all, but seeks to promote the holisc management of local water resources.
For the first me, this water supply programme addresses the need to sustain water sources with
conservaon and reuse measures made mandatory to the scheme designs.
As outlined in these operaonal guidelines, I look forward to a strong collaboraon between the Central and
State Governments in not only implemenng this landmark programme but to encourage maximum cizen
engagement.
I urge each and every individual of our great naon to join us as we take ownership of the Jal Jeevan Mission
and create a ‘Jan Andolan' to provide adequate potable water in all our rural households.
Jai Hind!
Minister for Jal Shak
Government of India
24 December, 2019
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GAJENDRA SINGH SHEKHAWAT
(Gajendra Singh Shekhawat)
Office : 210, Shram Shak Bhavan, Rafi Marg, New Delhi - 110 001
Tel: No. (011) 23711780, 23714663, 23714022, Fax : (011) 23710804
E-mail : minister[email protected]
Foreword
India accounts for 16% of the populaon of the enre world. And to serve the basic need of water for this
populaon, India has only 4% of the world's freshwater resources.
Our Hon'ble Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi, has consistently maintained his narrave on water security
over the years. As he began his second term in office in May 2019, various pan-India iniaves have already
been adopted beginning with the instuonal integraon of the water sector with the seng up of the Jal
Shak Mantralaya.
Thereon, the Jal Shak Abhiyan was instuted across 256 of the most water stressed districts in the country -
a me bound mission to accelerate water conservaon measures in 1592 blocks in the selected districts.
On 15 August 2019, during his maiden Independence Day speech of his second term in office, the Hon'ble
Prime Minister announced the Jal Jeevan Mission. A reformed approach to the water supply sector, the Jal
Jeevan Mission has been designed to incorporate an integrated approach with end-to-end measures: from
supply to reuse and recharge. Like the Swachh Bharat Mission, this programme will work as a Jan Aandolan.
These Operaonal Guidelines seeks to map out the implementaon of this flagship scheme based on the
principles of strong cooperave and collaborave federalism. I congratulate the team at the Department of
Drinking Water and Sanitaon in pung these thorough guidelines together and look forward to great
momentum across the different levels of government in the coming years.
Jai Hind
Minister of State for
Jal Shak and Social Jusce & Empowerment
Government of India, New Delhi - 110001
24 December, 2019
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(Raan Lal Kataria)
ix
x
Foreword
For many years, the Government of India and State Governments have been making efforts to increase access to
safe and adequate drinking water to people. At the top of the aspiraonal ladder has been household piped water
supply, and yet only about 20% of rural households have access to tap water in their homes. On Independence Day
this year, from the Ramparts of the Red Fort, the Hon'ble Prime Minister made an iconic announcement - the
Government of India’s resolve to provide piped water supply for all households of India by 2024 under the Jal
Jeevan Mission (JJM).
The JJM will aim to provide a Funconal Household Tap Connecon (FHTC) to every rural household in the country.
It will promote the management of water at the lowest appropriate level through decentralized, but integrated
water resource management by the Gram Panchayats, with a key focus on water conservaon, source
sustainability, and rainwater storage. The JJM will also focus on developing infrastructure for collecon and basic
treatment of domesc non-fecal wastewater, also called greywater, which typically accounts for nearly 80% of all
domesc water.
In groundwater rich areas, single village groundwater-based schemes with end to end source sustainability
measures will be encouraged. In places where groundwater is not abundant, especially in the designated dark
blocks and in areas affected by water quality issues, surface water based mul- village schemes will be promoted.
Under the Prime Minister’s leadership, the Jal Jeevan Mission will aempt to become a Jan Aandolan, just like the
Swachh Bharat Mission.
Secretary
Government of India
Ministry of Jal Shak
Department of Drinking Water & Sanitaon
4th Floor, Pt Dindayal Antodaya Bhawan, N D-110003
Tel: 24361011, 24362715,
e-Mail: param.iyer@gov.in
24 December, 2019
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(Parameswaran Iyer)
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PARAMESWARAN IYER
xi
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BHARAT LAL
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Additional Secretary
Government of India
Ministry of Jal Shak
Department of Drinking Water and Sanitaon
Naonal Jal Jeevan Mission
December 25, 2019
Preface
Water is a basic necessity. Lack of assured availability of potable water adversely impacts households and local
communies. In the absence of access to potable drinking water at home, families, especially women and young girls
are forced to spend lots of me and energy every day in carrying water to their homes. During scarcity, State
Governments/ local administraons take emergency measures to provide water through tankers, trains, etc. With the
Government taking a number of steps to improve 'ease of living', people now expect tap water supply in their homes.
In this backdrop, Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM) has been launched in partnership with States, to enable every
household in villages to have Funconal Household Tap Connecon (FHTC) in the next 5 years. It is envisaged that
with FHTC, each household will have potable water supply in adequate quanty of prescribed quality on regular
and long-term basis. To implement the mission, instuonal arrangements at various levels have been made and
State's PHE/ RWS Departments are to play a crical role. They have to help Gram Panchayat and/ or its sub-
commiee to plan, implement, manage, operate and maintain its in-village water supply systems. A sense of
ownership has to be inslled in the village community as they are at the centre of this mission.
In villages, local communies especially women, must be encouraged to parcipate and take ownership of water
resource management, water supply, and greywater treatment and its reuse. To achieve this, wherever required,
in addion to PHE/ RWS departments, Gram Panchayats are to be assisted by SHGs/ VOs/ CBOs/ NGOs, youth
groups, etc. and financial convergence with funding sources likes MGNREGS, SBM, MPLAD, MLALAD, DMDF,
donaons, CSR funds, etc. to be made. To make water everyone's business, the mission will strive to build
partnerships with development partners, academic & technical instuons and work together to achieve long-
term drinking water security.
Wherever potable water is not available in adequate quanty, PHE/ RWS Departments have to plan water transfer,
its treatment and distribuon system. While planning water supply system, operaon and maintenance is the
most crical aspect. It is important that water supply schemes funcon throughout their complete design period.
To ensure that public investments do not go to waste, there is a need to strengthen water sources especially in
water-stressed areas. In water quality-affected villages, technological innovaons have to be explored. PHE/ RWS
Departments have to prepare District and Village Acon Plans with the acve parcipaon of village community.
Following the 'boom up approach', States are to prepare Annual Acon Plan as well as five-year 'State Acon
Plan' with deliverables and melines, and implement the programme in mission-mode.
On behalf of the Department, I would like to express our sincere gratude to Hon'ble Prime Minister for providing
the vision and impetus to this mission. I sincerely believe that this Operaonal Guidelines document will be
immensely useful in implemenng the Jal Jeevan Mission to provide FHTCs to every household and in achieving
long-term water security in every village.
[ Bharat Lal ]
Addional Secretary & Mission Director
Jal Jeevan Mission
xii
Contents
Abbreviations 3
Definitions 5
1. Introduction 7
2. Background 9
2.1 Historical perspective
rd
2.2 73 Amendment of Constitution
2.3 Finance Commissions
2.4 Externally Aided Projects (EAP)
2.5 Present status of rural water supply
2.6 Challenges & SWOT analysis
3. Strategy for Planning and Implementation 14
3.1 Vision
3.2 Mission
3.3 Objectives
3.4 JJM components (8 key components)
3.5 Strategy
3.6 Planning
3.6.1 Action plans at village, district and State level
3.6.2 Way forward - service delivery and utility development
4. Schemes/ Sub-missions under erstwhile NRDWP subsumed into JJM 24
4.1 Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project for low income States (RWSSP-LIS)
4.2 National Water Quality Sub-Mission (NWQSM)
4.3 Water quality earmarked allocation (JE-AES)
4.4 Swajal
4.5 Water Quality Monitoring & Surveillance (WQM&S)
4.6 Support activities
5. Institutional Mechanism 26
5.1 National level – National Jal Jeevan Mission
5.1.1 Data and documentation centre
5.1.2 Programme Management Unit (PMU)
5.2 State level – State Water and Sanitation Mission (SWSM)
5.3 District level – District Water and Sanitation Mission (DWSM)
5.4 Gram Panchayat/ Sub-committee of GP, i.e. Village Water and Sanitation Committee
(VWSC)/ Paani Samiti/ User Group, etc.
5.5 Implementation Support Agencies (ISAs)
5.6 Public Health Engineering Department (PHED)/ Rural Water Supply (RWS) Department
5.7 Sector partners
5.8 National Centre for Drinking Water, Sanitation and Quality (NCDWSQ)
6. Implementation 36
6.1 In-village water supply infrastructure
6.1.1 Scheme cycle
6.1.2 Community contribution
6.1.3 Incentive for community
6.1.4 Operation & Maintenance (O&M)
6.2 Regional water supply & distribution network
6.3 Convergence
7. Financial Planning and Funding 44
7.1 Costing
7.2 Allocation/ earmarking of JJM fund at central level
1
2
7.3 Criteria for allocation of fund
7.4 Fund sharing pattern for components of erstwhile NRDWP subsumed under JJM
7.5 Financial planning
7.6 Rewarding performance
7.7 Extra Budgetary Resources (EBR)
7.8 Procedure for allocation and release of fund
7.9 Fund flow
7.10 Inadmissible expenses
7.11 Community contribution
7.12 Funds from other sources towards in-village infrastructure creation
7.13 Incentive fund
7.14 Flexi fund available under JJM
7.15 PFMS
7.16 Audit
7.17 Alternative financing options/ models
7.18 Rashtriya Jal Jeevan Kosh (RJJK)
8. Technological Interventions/ Innovations 53
8.1 Solar energy based stand-alone water supply systems for scattered/ isolated/ tribal villages
8.2 Community Water Purification Plants (CWPP) in groundwater contaminated areas
8.3 Cold deserts/ hard rock/ hilly / coastal areas
8.4 Use of technology in planning and monitoring
8.5 Technical committee
8.6 Innovation and R&D
8.7 Water audit and water security
9. Support Activities 57
9.1 Information, Education and Communication (IEC)
9.2 Human Resource Development (HRD) & training
9.3 Public utility, leadership development and change managment
9.4 Skill development and entrepreneurship
9.5 Mobilization of local communities
9.6 Third party inspection
9.7 Key Resource Centres (KRCs)
9.8 Knowledge centre
9.9 Documentation
10. Water Quality Monitoring & Surveillance (WQM&S) 60
10.1 Frequency of testing
10.2 Funding
10.3 Water quality monitoring in quality-affected areas
10.4 List of training and IEC activities
10.5 Monitoring
11. Monitoring and Evaluation 64
11.1 Monitoring
11.1.1 Integrated Management Information System (IMIS)
11.1.2 Real time dashboard
11.1.3 Geo - tagging assets
11.1.4 Linking FHTCs with Aadhar
11.1.5 Surveillance by community
11.2 Evaluation
12. Measuring Outputs and Outcomes 67
13. Disaster Management 68
14. Externally Aided Projects (EAP) 71
Annexes 72
Contents
3
AAP Annual Action Plan
ADB Asian Development Bank
ADD Acute Diarrheal Diseases
AI Artificial Intelligence
AGM Annual General Meeting
BCC Behavior Change Communication
CPHEEO Central Public Health & Environmental
Engineering Organization
CBO Community Based Organisation
CSO Civil Society Organization
CWPP Community Water Purification Plant
(CWPP)
DAP District Action Plan
DDP Desert Development Programme
DDWS Department of Drinking Water and
Sanitation
DMDF District Mineral Development Fund
DPAP Drought Prone Area Programme
DPR Detailed Project Report
DWSM District Water and Sanitation Mission
EAP Externally Aided Projects
EBR Extra Budgetary Resources
ESR Elevated Storage Reservoir
FC Fully Covered
FHTC Functional Household Tap Connection
FTK Field Test Kit
GoI Government of India
GBS Gross Budgetary Support
GIS Geographic Information System
GP Gram Panchayat
HRD Human Resource Development
HR Human Resources
IMIS Integrated Management Information
System
IEC Information, Education and
Communication
IFD Integrated Finance Division
IPC Inter Personal Communication
ISA Implementation Support Agency
JE-AES Japanese Encephalitis - Acute Encephalitis
Syndrome
JJM Jal Jeevan Mission
KRC Key Resource Centre
LPCD Litres Per Capita Per Day
M&E Monitoring & Evaluation
MeITY Ministry of Electronics & Information
Technology
MGNREGA Mahatma Gandhi National Rural
Employment Guarantee Act
MPLADS Members of Parliament Local Area
Development Scheme
MLALADS Member of Legislative Assembly Local
Area Development Scheme
MVS Multi Village Scheme
NDB New Development Bank
NE North East
NGT National Green Tribunal
NGO Non-Governmental Organization
NJJM National Jal Jeevan Mission
NRDWP National Rural Drinking Water Programme
O&M Operation and Maintenance
PMKVK Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Kendra
PFMS Public Financial Management System
PHED Public Health Engineering Department
PPP Public Private Partnership
PPR Preliminary Project Report
Abbreviations
4
PRA Participatory Rural Appraisal
PRI Panchayati Raj Institutions
Q&Q Quality and Quantity
R&D Research and Development
RJJK Rashtriya Jal Jeevan Kosh
RWH Rain Water Harvesting
RWS Rural Water Supply
SAP State Action Plan
SCADA Supervisory Control and Data Access
SBM(G) Swachh Bharat Mission (Grameen)
SDG Sustainable Development Goals
SHG Self Help Group
SLSSC State Level Scheme Sanctioning
Committee
SVS Single Village Scheme
SWSM State Water and Sanitation Mission
ToR Terms of Reference
TSS Tribal Sub Scheme
ToT Training of Trainers
UC Utilization Certificate
U-DISE Unified District Information on School
Education
VAP Village Action Plan
VO Village Organisation
VWSC Village Water and Sanitation Committee
WASMO Water And Sanitation Management
Organisation
WQM&S Water Quality Monitoring & Surveillance
Abbreviations
5
Functional Household Tap Connection [FHTC] – A tap
connection to a rural household for providing drinking
water in adequate quantity of prescribed quality on
regular basis.
Functionality – Functionality of a tap connection is
defined as having infrastructure, i.e. household tap
connection providing water in adequate quantity, i.e.
at least 55 lpcd, of prescribed quality¹, i.e. BIS:10500
standard, on regular basis, i.e. continuous supply in
long-term.
In-village water supply infrastructure – The piped
water supply infrastructure of a new scheme/
retrofitting of existing scheme/ augmentation of
existing water source(s) and its necessary components
including ESR, sump, rain water harvesting, artificial
recharge structures, greywater management
infrastructure, washing/ bathing place, cattle troughs,
etc. In desert, drought-prone, hilly and water-stressed
areas, cluster storage is also part of in-village water
supply infrastructure.
Distribution network – Pipelines carrying raw/ treated
water from source to village level sump on one hand
and within the village, pipelines carrying water to
households on the other.
Bulk water transfer – Transfer of raw/ treated potable
water in bulk by means of open channels or pipelines or
a combination of both from a source to an area where
no local water source is available. The provision of water
will be for both domestic and industrial needs in rural
and urban areas. In rural areas, bulk water will be made
available at the boundary of the village. Thereafter,
Gram Panchayat and/ or its sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/
Paani Samiti/ User Group, etc. will have to manage,
operate & maintain as is in a Single Village Scheme. The
transfer of bulk water may be on a long-term
continuous basis or intermittent and temporary basis,
and is to be equipped to measure the supply in terms of
quantity, quality and regularity.
Community – Group of people living in a village/
habitation.
Habitation – A group of minimum 20 households and/
or 100 persons. However, in hilly/ tribal and forested
areas, and SC/ ST dominant habitations having lower
number of households and/ or persons, are also to be
covered. Providing FHTC for single houses/ farm
houses far away from villages/ habitations are not be
funded under JJM.
Drinking water source – Groundwater (open well,
borewell, tubewell, handpump, etc.)/ surface water
(spring, checkdam, river, lake, pond, reservoir, etc.)/
rain water, available for drinking and domestic use.
Premises – As defined for Census operation.
Rural Water Supply (RWS) Department – The
department having mandate for rural water supply in
the State which may be PHED/ Panchayati Raj/ Rural
Development/ Board/ Corporation, etc.
Water-stressed areas – The districts and blocks
identified by Central Ground Water Board (CGWB)
from time to time.
Utility – An organization focusing on service delivery,
i.e. water supply in adequate quantity of prescribed
quality on regular basis, and having operational and
financial sustainability.
Water Quality Monitoring - Laboratory and field
testing of water samples collected from water sources
and FHTCs by the agency responsible for rural water
supply as per the uniform drinking water quality
monitoring protocol.
Water Quality Surveillance – A regular activity based on
uniform drinking water quality monitoring protocol, to
be undertaken by local community, Gram Panchayat
and/ or its sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti/
User Group, etc. or Schools using Field Test Kits (FTKs)
and similar assessments to identify and evaluate factors
associated with drinking water which could pose a risk
to health.
Functionality Assessment – An assessment of
functionality of rural household tap connections based
on sample survey.
NABL accredited laboratories – Water quality testing
laboratories accredited by National Accreditation
Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories (NABL).
Village Action Plan (VAP) – Plan prepared by Gram
Panchayat and/ or its sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani
Definitions
(in the context of Jal Jeevan Mission)
¹IS 10500:2012 'Indian Standard – Drinking Water Specificaon' as amended from me to me.
6
Samiti/ User Group, etc. based on baseline survey,
resource mapping and felt needs of village community
to provide FHTC to every rural household, treat the
generated greywater and plan its reuse, undertake
surveillance activities, etc. VAP also indicates the fund
requirement and timelines for completion of work
under the Mission and will be approved by the Gram
Sabha. Irrespective of source of funding, all drinking
water-related works in the village are taken up based
on the VAP.
District Action Plan (DAP) – A plan prepared by DWSM
by aggregating all VAPs and additional work, i.e. bulk
water transfer, distribution network, laboratories, etc.
to ensure drinking water security in all the villages/
habitations of the district along with financial details
and timelines.
State Action Plan (SAP) – A plan prepared by SWSM by
aggregating all DAPs and regional water supply
scheme, bulk water transfer and treatment plants, etc.
to achieve overall drinking water security in the State
and used for financial planning to cover all rural
households in State.
Conjunctive use of water – Harmonious use of surface
water, groundwater and rain water to ensure
availability of water without disruption and also to
optimize utilization of sources.
Coverage – Percentage of households provided with
FHTCs at any point in time in a revenue village.
Community bathing & washing blocks – Bathing and
toilet place with taps; washing place with multiple taps
and greywater management measures developed for
an average use of 20 families in areas where individuals
do not have their own toilets and/ or bathing & washing
spaces.
Cattle trough – A long, narrow open structure to
provide drinking water to animals.
Definitions
7
ater i s one o f t h e m o st e ssentia l
W
requirements of life. Assured availability of
po t a b l e w a t e r i s v i tal fo r h u m a n
development. India is home to 18% of global human
population and 15% of global livestock population.
However, it has only 2% land mass and 4% of global
freshwater resources. As per estimates²; in 1951, per
capita annual freshwater availability was 5,177 cubic
meters which came down to 1,545 cubic meters in
2011. It is estimated that in 2019, it is about 1,368 cubic
meters which is likely to further go down to 1,293 cubic
meters in 2025. If present trend continues, in 2050,
freshwater availability is likely to decline to 1,140 cubic
meters.
With the growing population and expanding economic
activities, there is an increase in demand for water in
various sectors, viz. agriculture, industry, domestic,
recreation, infrastructure development, etc., whereas
the source of water is finite. Thus, finite availability and
competing demands make drinking water management
a complex issue. The widening demand-supply gap is
further compounded by other challenges, viz. depletion
of groundwater caused by over-extraction, poor
recharge, low storage capacity, erratic rainfall due to
climate change, presence of contaminants, poor
Operation and Maintenance (O&M) of water supply
systems, etc.
In pre-Independent India, the water management
systems and structures were adequate to cater to the
low population. Local communities have been known
for designing their own systems using traditional
knowledge and wisdom to fulfill needs of the
community in different edapho-climatic conditions.
However, with increasing population and disruption in
rainfall pattern and decrease in storage, challenges
related to scarcity of water have become acute.
Post Independence, the State Governments have
implemented rural water supply programmes to
provide safe drinking water to rural population. In 1972,
as part of Minimum Needs Programme, Government of
India started supporting States through Accelerated
Rural Water Supply Programme (ARWSP). Since then,
Government of India has taken a number of initiatives
to assist the States in their endeavor to enable every
rural household to have access to potable water.
Under the erstwhile National Rural Drinking Water
Programme (NRDWP), 2017, one of the objectives was
to 'enable all households to have access to and use safe
& adequate drinking water within premises to the
extent possible' which was proposed to be achieved by
2030, coinciding with the United Nation's Sustainable
Development Goals (UN-SDG 6).
Piped water supply for drinking and domestic purposes
to rural areas is a very critical and challenging task.
Over the years, some important lessons have been
learnt from the water supply programmes, which inter-
alia include:
i.) inadequate investments to meet both capital
requirements as well as Operation & Maintenance
(O&M) led to incomplete and/ or defunct water
supply systems;
ii.) most of the rural water supply schemes being
dependant on ground water, withdrawal of excess
ground water for agricultural purposes led to
systems not serving the full design period;
iii.) source sustainability measures such as aquifer
recharge, rain water harvesting, increased storage
capacity of water bodies, reservoirs, de-silting, etc.
improve the lifespan of water supply systems;
iv.) quite often, poor maintenance of schemes led to
investments going waste;
v.) there is a willingness by community to pay for
water, provided there is an assured service
delivery;
Introduction
²DoWR,RD&GR. Future assessment based on populaon projecon.
1
CHAPTER
8
vi.) there is a need for development of utility mindset
to focus on service delivery;
vii.) in-village water supply system sustainability
depends on community ownership and hence it is
imperative to engage communities in planning,
implementation, management, O&M of water
supply systems. Successful initiatives like Water
and Sanitation Management Organisation
(WASMO) in Gujarat, Swajal in Uttarakhand and
many other initiatives in various States both by
Government and NGOs have proved that
community ownership is the key to ensure long-
term sustainability of sources and systems.
In the last five years, due to the emphasis laid by the
Government in providing basic services like housing,
toilets, electricity, cooking gas, healthcare, financial
services, social security, broadband connectivity,
roads, etc., the logical aspiration of people now is to
have piped water supply within their household
premises which will help in improving 'ease of living'.
Assured availability of drinking water in the household
premises will not only improve the health and socio-
economic condition of rural population, it will also
bring down the drudgery of rural women and girls.
In this backdrop, Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM) has been
launched which aims at providing Functional
Household Tap Connection (FHTC) to every rural
household by 2024. The programme focuses on
service delivery at household level, i.e. water supply on
regular basis adequate quantity prescribed in and of
quality. This necessitates use of modern technology in
planning and implementation of water supply
schemes, development of water sources, treatment
and supply of water, empowerment of Gram
Panchayat/ local community, focus on service delivery,
partner with other stakeholders, convergence with
other programmes, methodical monitoring of the
programme and to capture service delivery data
automatically for ensuring the quality of services. This
will help in achieving the goal of Jal Jeevan Mission in
its true letter and spirit.
The 73 Amendment to the Constitution of India has
rd
placed the subject of drinking water in the Eleventh
Schedule and has assigned its management to Gram
Panchayats. Keeping this in view, under JJM, Gram
Panchayats and local community will play the pivotal
role in planning, implementation, management,
operation and maintenance of in-village water supply
systems including drinking water sources. Public
Health Engineering Departments (PHED)/ Rural
Development & Panchayati Raj/ RWS Departments in-
charge of rural drinking water in States will facilitate
Gram Panchayats to perform their duties as envisaged
in the Constitution.
Decentralized, demand-driven, community-managed
implementation of the programme will instill 'sense of
ownership' among the local community, create an
environment of trust and bring in transparency leading
to better implementation and long-term O&M of water
supply systems. It will also ensure equity in accessing
supply for every household and regular supply, thus
willingness to pay for services. The incidents of
diversion of water supply for other purposes will also
get controlled.
There are number of stakeholders working in the water
supply sector, viz. Research & Development (R&D)
institutions, Trusts, Foundations, Non-Governmental
Organizations (NGOs), Village Organizations (VOs),
Community Based Organizations (CBOs), Self Help
Groups (SHGs), user groups, corporates, international
agencies and spirited individuals. To make water
everyone's business, mission will strive to build
partnerships and work together with these institutions/
individuals to achieve the goal set under JJM and long-
term drinking water security. Government has already
initiated Jal Shakti Abhiyan (JSA), an intensive campaign
in water-stressed districts to harmonize water
conservation efforts of all stakeholders.
As per Integrated Management Information System
(IMIS) maintained by Department of Drinking Water
and Sanitation (DDWS), as on 31.3.2019, about 18%, i.e.
3.28 Crore out of the total 17.87 Crore rural households
in the country have tap water connection. Thus, about
14.60 Crore households are without tap water
connection and planned to be covered in partnership
with States/ UTs under the mission by 2024.
The current scenario necessitates proper planning,
strategizing and implementing water supply systems
including development of proper institutional
mechanism at all levels. While planning and
implementing water supply schemes under Jal Jeevan
Mission, it is imperative that proper techno-economic
appraisal and socio-economic analysis is carried out,
most appropriate option is opted, and necessary
approval of the local community/ User Group is taken for
in-village water supply infrastructure to ensure that they
have a 'sense of ownership' and are ready to undertake
steps to manage, operate & maintain the system as well
as drinking water sources for long-term sustainability.
Introduction
9
2.1 Historical perspective
Post-independence at the time of launch of India's
planned development, the Environmental Hygiene
Committee recommended a programme to provide
safe water supply to all villages within a certain period
as part of First Five Year Plan (1951-56). For this
purpose, the National Water Supply Programme was
launched in 1954, under the health sector.
Until the Third Five Year Plan (1961-66), drinking water
supply in the rural areas was a component of the
Community Development Programme. This effort was
supplemented by the Ministry of Health under the then
National Water Supply and Sanitation Programme.
In 1972-73, Accelerated Rural Water Supply
Programme (ARWSP) was launched to supplement the
efforts of State Governments, especially in areas of
acute scarcity and those endemic to water borne
diseases. The programme gained further momentum
during the Fifth Five Year Plan (1974-79) under the
Minimum Needs Programme.
In 1986, the National Drinking Water Mission (NDWM),
popularly known as the Technology Mission was
launched in order to provide scientific input and cost-
effective technological solutions to address water
scarcity.
In the Eighth Plan (1992-97), Sub-missions for tackling
quality problem, i.e. habitations suffering from excess
Arsenic, Fluoride, Iron, salinity, scarcity of water
sources, and requiring sustainability of the sources &
the systems, were taken up.
In 1999-2000, decentralized, demand-driven,
community-managed sector reforms were undertaken
involving Gram Panchayats/ local community in
planning, implementation and management of
drinking water schemes. This was later scaled up as
Swajaldhara in 2002 and was implemented till 2007-08.
In 2004-05, ARWSP became part of Bharat Nirman
aiming at full coverage of habitations by 2008-09. The
ARWSP was implemented till the year 2008-09 of
Eleventh Plan (2007-12). In 2009-10, it was modified
and renamed as National Rural Drinking Water
Programme (NRDWP) with major emphasis on
ensuring sustainability of water availability in terms of
potability, adequacy, convenience, affordability and
equity, on a sustainable basis, adopting decentralized
approach involving Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs)
and community organizations.
In 2013, certain changes were introduced in NRDWP,
viz. i.) providing focus on pipe water supply schemes;
ii.) wherever possible, enhancing service level from 40
lpcd to 55 lpcd; iii.) providing greater thrust on water
quality and Japanese Encephalitis-Acute Encephalitis
Syndrome (JE-AES) affected districts; iv.) waste water
treatment, recycling; and v.) O&M of ageing schemes.
In 2017, NRDWP was restructured to i.) make it more
competitive, result-oriented and outcome-based; ii.)
provide flexibility to states while implementing the
programme by reducing its components; and iii.)
providing piped water supply with the only exception
allowed in JE-AES affected districts.
From 1951 to 2019, efforts were focused on providing
safe drinking water supply to rural population either
Background
2
CHAPTER
10
through hand pumps, protected wells or piped water
supply with public stand posts as delivery points. In last
few decades, as reported by States, viz. Gujarat, Goa,
Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Sikkim,
Telangana, etc. have focused on providing tap
connections to rural households. Of late, many States
are making concerted efforts to cover all rural
households with piped water supply.
Under NRDWP, apart from funding regular infrastructure
for coverage of rural areas, water quality issues were
also addressed and special project funds were made
available to States. As part of these efforts, National
Water Quality Sub Mission (NWQSM) was launched in
February, 2017 with an objective to make provision of
safe drinking water to Arsenic and Fluoride affected
habitations by March, 2021. It envisages that these
habitations will have access to safe drinking water either
through piped water supply or short-term measure, i.e.
community based purification plant with provision of 8-
10 lpcd for drinking and cooking purposes.
Further, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare has
identified 60 districts in five States, which are affected
with JE-AES. Department/ National Mission is
providing special assistance to States for providing safe
drinking water in these affected districts.
To enable PHEDs/ RWS departments to monitor quality
of water supply and empower local community to keep
surveillance on quality of water supplied, Water Quality
Monitoring and Surveillance (WQM&S) programme is
under implementation. The activities include setting up
and up-gradation of State, District and Sub-Division
level water quality testing laboratories, provisioning of
mobile laboratories (for outreach and to be used during
calamity), procurement of Field Test Kits (FTKs),
periodic monitoring of water quality of various drinking
water sources and capacity building of grassroot level
workers for basic water quality tests.
rd
2.2 73 Amendment to the Constitution
rd
The 73 Amendment to the Constitution in 1992,
added a new Part IX to the Constitution titled 'The
Panchayats' covering provisions from Article 243 to
243 (O); and a new Eleventh Schedule covering 29
subjects within the functions of the Panchayats. Entry
11 of this schedule is drinking water, devolving its
management to Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs).
Further, Panchayats can collect and appropriate
suitable local taxes and get grant-in-aids to carry out
aforesaid functions.
2.3 Finance commissions
Successive Finance Commissions have given priority to
social sectors inter alia water supply in the form of
State specific grants as well as grants to Panchayats for
'management of water supply'. Further, water supply
has been treated as core function of Panchayats.
Commissions have also recommended recovery of
user charges for provision of water supply services and
revision of their rates commensurate with inflation and
they should at least recover full O&M cost of providing
these services.
th
The 14 Finance Commission (2015-2020) recognized
health, education, drinking water and sanitation as
public services of national importance³ and defined⁴
the sustainable drinking water supply systems as
'those being operated under a formal management
model, have 100% household meters installed and
whose net revenues from water tariffs and subsidies
are sufficient to cover at least the O&M costs of the
system'. It has also recommended 100% metering of
individual connections in both rural and urban
households, commercial establishments and
institutions and individual connections be provided
only when functional water meters are installed.
th
The 14 Finance Commission also recommended grants
to local bodies to the tune of Rs. 2 Lakh Crore under
twin heads of basic and performance grants in 9:1 ratio.
The basic grant is meant to be used for delivery of basic
services by GPs which inter alia include water supply,
sanitation including septage management, sewerage &
solid waste management, etc.
2.4 Externally Aided Projects (EAPs)
Multi-lateral agencies like World Bank, ADB, NDB as
well as bilateral agencies like JICA have been funding
water supply projects in various States. Funding has
been focused either on bulk water transfer, distribution
network and/ or promote reforms in the sector in the
form of community-managed, demand-driven,
decentralized water supply programmes where Gram
Panchayat and/ or its sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani
Samiti/ User Group, etc. plays a key role in the planning,
implementation, management, operation and
maintenance of schemes. In the last two decades, focus
³Para 11.59 of the Commission's report
⁴Paras 15.49 and 15.50 of the Commission's report
Background
11
Further, as on 31.03.2019, as reported by States/ UTs,
18.33% households have tap water connections.
Since 2017, under NRDWP, installation of new hand
pumps except in JE-AES districts was discontinued.
Under the revamped NRDWP, objective has been to
implement piped water supply schemes including
provision of household tap connections. In view of
limited availability of financial resources and other
constraints, states made efforts to provide piped water
supply predominantly through public stand posts. As
reported by State Governments/ UT Administration,
status of household tap connection is at Annex-I.
has been to implement water supply schemes with
O&M cost recovery and partial capital contribution so
that local community owns, manages, operates and
maintains their own water supply system.
2.5 Present status of rural water supply
Under NRDWP, the water supply coverage was
monitored by taking habitation as a unit. As on March
31, 2019, out of total reported 17,25,576 rural
habitations in the country, coverage status is as under:
(habitaons in numbers)
Service
level
Fully
Covered⁵
Parally
Covered⁶
Quality-
affected⁷
Table 1
⁵Habitaons geng at least 40 lpcd of safe drinking water throughout the year available within 100 meters (horizontal / vercal) from their
households.
⁶Parally Covered (PC) Habitaons: Habitaons other than Fully Covered and Quality Affected categories.
⁷Habitaon with at least one of the drinking water sources not meeng parameters of chemical contaminaon (Arsenic, Fluoride, Iron, Salinity,
Nitrate and Heavy Metals) as spulated in IS:10500 and with remaining safe sources, service delivery level of 40 lpcd is not ensured.
40 lpcd
13,96,304
80.92%
2,69,661
15.63%
59,611
3.45%
55 lpcd
8,15,523
47.26%
8,50,442
49.28%
59,611
3.45%
12
Background
The challenges faced in the drinking water sector are as mentioned in the figure below:
2.6 Challenges and SWOT analysis
The 73 Amendment to the Constuon of India
devolved the responsibility of drinking water supply to
local self-governments. However, the approach has
been predominantly engineering/ construcon
oriented. This has resulted in limited involvement of
communies in design, planning and implementaon.
Mulple Government Departments such as water
resources, public health engineering, urban
development, groundwater, rural development, rural
water supply & sanitaon, etc. involved in water sector
has led to coordinaon challenges.
COORDINATION CHALLENGES
Lack of responsible consumpon, wastage of water,
leakages at distribuon & end use points, biological
contaminaon, over drawl for agriculture, etc. are
prevalent leading to inefficient resource ulizaon.
As per the latest rainfall stascs of India report, IMD
states that the seasonal rainfall for the country as a
whole was less than the normal value. Due to climate
change, there is a considerable spaal & temporal
variaon in rainfall resulng in lesser surface storage.
As per CGWB 2018 data, around 50% assessment units
(blocks/ firkas/ mandals) are found to be contaminated
with Arsenic, Fluoride, Chlorine, Nitrate and/or Salinity
due to both geogenic and anthropogenic causes.
Inadequate infrastructure to raise service levels from
40 to 55 Ipcd & provide last-mile connecvity to
individual households; aging infrastructure; lack of grey
water management; absence of source sustainability
measures, viz. rainwater harvesng structures,
borewell recharge structures, etc.
Even though the Naonal Water Policy, 2012
prescribes States to recover full O&M costs of water
supply systems, except few States, there is inadequate
financial allocaon to O&M leading to poor upkeep of
assets ulmately falling into disuse.
CHANGING RAINFALL PATTERNS
WATER QUALITY ISSUES
INADEQUATE INFRASTRUCTURE
POOR O&M
LACK OF RESOURCE EFFICIENCY
LESS COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT
13
SWOT analysis
With numerous challenges, JJM provides an opportunity to carry out SWOT analysis for better planning and
implementation. The same has been attempted and is as under:
STRENGTH
• Availability of Central and State Finance
Commission grants
• Wide experience in implemenng PWS in
different terrains
• Devoluon of powers to PRIs
• Availability of separate technical cadre for
planning and implementaon
• Availability of technologies for providing safe
water from contaminated ground water sources
• Exisng infrastructure
• Dense habitaons in water abundant places
WEAKNESS
• Top-down approach and lack of community
ownership/ participatory approach
• Inadequate financial resources
• Non-availability of technical human
resource at G P level
• Poor recovery of service charges/ absence
of w ater tariff
• Poor attention on O&M of completed
schemes
• Engineering departmental mindset of on of
infrastructure creation but not on
functioning as a utility
OPPORTUNITY
• Enabling provision to involve local government
instuons for implementaon of JJM
• Availability of central funds under JJM and
addional resources through RJJK
• Involving commied NGOS, CSOs for PRA in
handholding implementaon
• Hiring dedicated HR at different instuonal
levels for implementaon
• Applicaon of new technologies for efficient
implementaon
• Exploring partnerships with different
stakeholders
THREAT
• Growing populaon
• Uncontrolled drawl of groundwater for
agriculture depleng the sources and increased
chemical contaminaon
• Water scarcity in some places
• Climate change and severity of climate events
• Delay in inadequate provision and/ or transfer
of S tate finances in some States
• Reluctance of State Governments to devolve
the l ocal water supply schemes to PRIs or
handing o ver non- funconal schemes
• Volume of work
• Lack of capacity at GP level
SWOT
14
3.1 Vision
Every rural household has drinking water supply in
adequate quantity of prescribed quality on regular
and long-term basis at affordable service delivery
charges leading to improvement in living standards of
rural communities.
3.2 Mission
Jal Jeevan Mission is to assist, empower and facilitate:
i.) States/ UTs in planning of participatory rural
water supply strategy for ensuring potable
drinking water security on long-term basis to
every rural household and public institution,
viz. GP building, School, Anganwadi centre,
Health centre, wellness centres, etc.;
ii.) States/ UTs for creation of water supply
infrastructure so that every rural household
has Functional Tap Connection (FHTC) by 2024
and water in adequate quantity of prescribed
quality is made available on regular basis;
iii.) States/ UTs to plan for their drinking water
security;
iv.) GPs/ rural communities to plan, implement,
manage, own, operate and maintain their own
in-village water supply systems;
v.) States/ UTs to develop robust institutions
having focus on service delivery and financial
sustainability of the sector by promoting utility
approach;
vi.) capacity building of the stakeholders and
create awareness in community on significance
of water for improvement in quality of life;
vii.) in making provision and mobilization of
financial assistance to States/ UTs for
implementation of the mission.
3.3 Objectives
The broad objectives of the Mission are:
i.) to provide FHTC to every rural household;
ii.) to prioritize provision of FHTCs in quality-
affected areas, villages in drought prone and
desert areas, Sansad Adarsh Gram Yojana
(SAGY) villages, etc.;
iii.) to provide functional tap connection to Schools,
Anganwadi centres, GP buildings, Health centres,
wellness centres and community buildings;
iv.) to monitor functionality of tap connections;
v.) to promote and ensure voluntary ownership
among local community by way of contribution
in cash, kind and/ or labour and voluntary
labour (shramdaan);
vi.) to assist in ensuring sustainability of water
supply system, i.e. water source, water supply
infrastructure, and funds for regular O&M;
vii.) to empower and develop human resource in the
sector such that the demands of construction,
plumbing, electrical, water quality management,
water treatment, catchment protection, O&M,
etc. are taken care of in short and long term; and
viii.) to bring awareness on various aspects and
significance of safe drinking water and
involvement of stakeholders in manner that
make water everyone's business.
3.4 Components under JJM
The following components are supported under JJM:
i.) development of in-village piped water supply
infrastructure to provide tap water connection
to every rural household;
ii.) development of reliable drinking water
sources and/ or augmentation of existing
sources to provide long-term sustainability of
water supply system;
iii.) wherever necessary, bulk water transfer,
treatment plants and distribution network to
cater to every rural household;
iv.) technological interventions for removal of
contaminants where water quality is an issue;
v.) retrofitting of completed and ongoing schemes
to provide FHTCs at minimum service level of
55 lpcd;
vi.) greywater management;
Strategy for
Planning and Implementation
3
CHAPTER
15
vii.) support activities, i.e. IEC, HRD, training,
development of utilities, water quality
laboratories , wate r quality testin g &
surveillance, R&D, knowledge centre, capacity
building of communities, etc.; and
viii.) any other unforeseen challenges/ issues
emerging due to natural disasters/ calamities
which affect the goal of FHTC to every
household by 2024, as per guidelines of Ministry
of Finance on Flexi Funds.
Efforts should be made to source funds from different
sources/ programmes and convergence is the key.
3.5 Strategy
Under JJM, States/ UTs are to plan for achieving
drinking water security and to provide FHTC to every
rural household. It may not be feasible for State
Government/ Department to manage water supply to
every household and therefore role of Gram Panchayat
and/ or its sub-committee/ local community becomes
critical in planning, implementation, management,
operation and maintenance of water supply within the
villages. Moreover, Panchayats have a constitutional
mandate to manage drinking water. Further, it is
necessary that within the villages, local community/
Gram Panchayat and/ or its sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/
Paani Samiti/ User Group, etc. plays the key role for
O&M, cost recovery, and good governance.
There is a felt need to have community participation,
ownership and contribution in all decisions pertaining
to water supply systems. Thus, community led
partnership with States/ UTs will be the strategy for
achieving the objectives of JJM. Communities can
therefore, make the best of this opportunity and
ensure that every rural household has FHTC delivering
water in adequate quantity (minimum 55 lpcd) of
prescribed quality (BIS:10500) and on regular basis as
may be decided by the Gram Panchayat and/ or its sub-
committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User Group, etc.
State Government and its Departments are to play a
true role of facilitator. This approach will bring long-
term sustainability in the sector.
st
As on 1 April 2019, about 81% of rural habitations in
the country have access to potable water through a
wide range of schemes whereas about 46% of rural
habitations catering to about 54% of rural population
have piped water supply having provision for atleast 40
lpcd, which includes household tap connections and
public stand posts. As reported by States, 18% of rural
households have tap connections.
India has 20 agro-ecological zones with varying degree
of annual rainfall and freshwater availability. In 2017,
out of total 731 districts, 256 with 1,592 blocks⁸ have
been classified as water-stressed. This necessitates the
need for water conservation efforts including smart
water management/ practices while planning potable
drinking water supply.
Under JJM, revenue village along with its habitations as
enumerated in the Census will be the unit for planning,
implementation, monitoring, management, operation
and maintenance. The revenue village unit will include
all the respective habitations and all scattered
⁸Blocks represent assessment units as reported in CGWB report on Dynamic groundwater resources of India, 2017
16
settlements. In the long-term, financial sustainability
of O&M and institutional arrangement at village level
will be key to successful continuous service delivery.
Rural women and adolescent girls spend a lot of time
and energy in getting water for day-to-day use. This
results in lack of participation of women in income
generation opportunities, loss of school days for girls
and adverse health impacts. JJM is to play a significant
role in bringing 'ease of living' for rural community,
especially women. It is necessary for women to lead
JJM in their villages to meet their need and aspirations.
To achieve the objective of JJM, following strategy may
be adopted:
i.) re-verification and firming of baseline data of
household tap connections by States/ UTs
before March, 2020 and reporting the same on
Integrated Management Information System
(IMIS) of the Department/ National Mission;
ii.) FHTC may be planned to be provided in every
household with three delivery points (taps),
viz. kitchen, washing & bathing area and toilet,
to keep water clean and prevent misuse. Out of
the three, only one tap per household will be
funded;
iii.) the rural water supply infrastructure created
over the years is to be dovetailed, retrofitted
and renovated to provide FHTCs. Priority will be
accorded to retrofit on-going piped water
supply schemes and subsequently to completed
piped water supply schemes providing water
through stand post;
iv.) in villages with sufficient groundwater
availability of prescribed quality within the
village boundary, the same local water source
will be used;
v.) in villages with functional hand pumps, the
depth can be deepened if required and can also
be used as a source to meet the service delivery
level;
vi.) in tribal/ hilly/ forested areas, option of gravity
and/ or solar power-based water supply
schemes with low O&M expenditure to be
explored and preferred. In hills and mountains,
springs as a reliable source for drinking water
to be explored;
vii.) in hot and cold deserts, innovative approaches
and possibility technology intervention will be
explored (further details are elaborated in
chapter 8);
viii.) in villages with sufficient groundwater
availability but having quality issues, in-situ
suitable treatment technology may be explored;
ix.) in villages falling in drought-prone areas,
conjunctive use of multiple sources of water
can be explored such as ponds, lakes, rivers,
groundwater, supply from long distance,
rainwater harvesting and/ or artificial recharge;
x.) in villages with water quality issues and non-
availability of suitable surface water sources in
nearby areas, it may be more appropriate to
transfer bulk water from long distance. Further,
in drought-prone and desert areas, where it is
not possible to have water supply through
conjunctive use, a similar approach to transfer
bulk water from long distance may be adopted;
xi.) in water quality-affected habitations, especially
with Arsenic and Fluoride contaminants,
potable water has to be ensured on priority.
Since, planning and implementation of piped
water supply scheme based on a safe water
source will take time, as a purely interim
measure, Community Water Purification Plants
(CWPPs) may be taken up to provide 8-10 lpcd
potable water to meet drinking and cooking
need of every household residing in such
villages/ habitations. However, SWSM to
prioritize such areas for providing potable water
through FHTC to every rural household by
March, 2021;
xii.) in States with water-scarce/ areas lying in rain
shadow region with inadequate rainfall, it is
necessary to plan for regional water supply
schemes covering both urban and rural areas
by sourcing water from a perennial surface
source. It may be noted that under JJM only
proportional expenditure on rural population/
villages with respect to regular water supply to
be met;
xiii.) even though JJM envisages to provide FHTCs to
every household, in areas having harsh climatic
conditions, viz. high altitude cold deserts, areas
facing extreme terrain challenges, sparsely
populated hot deserts, etc., it might not be
feasible to provide FHTC to every rural
household. In such areas, as mentioned in points
vi.) and vii.), local innovations/ technological
Strategy for Planning and Implementation
17
solutions are to be explored to provide up to 8 –
10 lpcd potable water for drinking and cooking
purposes; and other arrangements for rest of
the other domestic uses;
xiv.) In peri-urban/ big villages in water scarce areas,
in order to save the precious fresh water, it is
encouraged to plan a new water supply scheme
with dual piped water supply system, i.e. supply
of fresh water in one and treated grey/ waste
water in another pipe. There would be only
single connection to every household from both
the pipes. The treated grey/ waste water pipe
would be for non-potable/ gardening/ toilet
flushing use. Further, the households in these
areas will be encouraged, as part of IEC, to use
the faucet aerators that save a significant
amount of water, in multiple taps they may be
using inside their house.
xv.) innovative technology is to be explored to
ensure equitable distribution of water;
xvi.) for source recharging, viz. dedicated bore well
recharge structures, rain water recharge,
rejuvenation of existing water bodies, etc.
need to be adopted using watershed/
springshed principles, in convergence with
other schemes such as MGNREGS, IWMP,
Finance Commission grants, State schemes,
MPLAD, MLALAD, CSR, etc.;
xvii.) in order to enhance recharge of aquifers,
especially in arid and semi-arid areas, State
Government need to strengthen/ extend
existing canal networks and/ or build canals so
as to transfer surplus flood waters from dams/
reservoirs to ponds/ lakes and other water
bodies and also recharge groundwater during
monsoon season. For such activities, funds
from other sources to be dovetailed;
xviii.) while planning for water supply schemes/
projects involving high lift of water, energy cost
as well as meeting monthly power bills needs to
be deliberated upon and policy for meeting this
requirement to be firmed up by the States/ UTs;
xix.) at the national level, there will be National Jal
Jeevan Mission (NJJM). In the States/ UTs, there
will be State Water and Sanitation Mission
(SWSM) and in each district there will be District
Water and Sanitation Mission (DWSM). At the
village level, in consonance with the
Constitutional provision there will be Gram
Panchayat and/ or its sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/
Paani Samiti/ User Group, etc. Institutional
arrangements are to be established at all levels
with linkages and convergence with other
programmes. (further details on institutional
mechanism are elaborated in Chapter 5).
Active participation of women at all levels of
institutional arrangements with special
emphasis at village level is to be ensured. This is
key to success of JJM.
xx.) State Government to issue a suitable
notification under Panchayati Raj (PR) Act, if not
already done, to empower Gram Panchayat
and/ or its sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani
Samiti/ User Group, etc. to plan, implement,
manage, operate and maintain in-village water
supply system inter alia which includes powers,
responsibilities, internal processes, composition
of VWSC/ Paani samiti, etc., power to decide,
levy, collect water service charges, etc.;
xxi.) SWSM will plan quarter-wise and district-wise
targets in a year and assess fund requirement
and expenditure;
xxii.) SWSM will ensure seamless integration and
maintain consistency among the State sector
rural water supply schemes, projects/ schemes
funded from other sources including Externally
Aided Projects in the sector and JJM;
xxiii.) Village Action Plan (VAP) is to be prepared based
on the type of scheme to be taken up in the
village to provide FHTC to every rural household.
The VAPs of all villages in a district and all DAPs
of all districts in the State will be aggregated
along with regional water supply schemes/ bulk
water transfer and treatment plants based on
the need to formulate the District Action Plan
(DAP) and State Action Plan (SAP), respectively.
Further, State will also prepare an Annual Action
Plan detailing yearly targets commensurate with
the annual allocation (further details are
elaborated in para 3.6).
xxiv.) VAP will be the main document of the village
for all water supply and related work, and on its
approval by Gram Sabha, all funds from
different sources will be dovetailed to
implement various components of VAP from
different sources of funds including JJM. No
work outside VAP will be taken up in the village
just because separate source of funding is
18
available. This will help in optimal utilization of
resources for focused outputs;
xxv.) State Action Plan (SAP) and District Action Plan
(DAP) will also include other activities taken up
under different schemes/ programmes to
achieve long-term water security;
xxvi.) suitable incentive and disincentive mechanism
is to be built in the policy to discourage wastage
of water as well as to meet recurring
expenditure on bulk water transfer, treatment,
distribution network and household level
supply. In addition, State Government/ UT
Administration will facilitate Gram Panchayat
and/ or its sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani
Samiti/ User Group, etc. to take decisions on
user charges for providing household
connection as well as water supply;
xxvii.) while deciding in-village water supply system,
three options with possible least cost water
supply systems will be presented before the
Gram Panchayat and/ or its sub-committee, i.e.
VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User Group, etc. by PHED/
RWS Department with complete techno-
economic and socio-economic analysis
involving community using communication
tools such as PRA activities, etc. While deciding
the system and its location, etc., emphasis on
low O&M cost and capacity of local community
to operate and maintain the same will be taken
into account;
xxviii.) data related to functionality i.e., periodicity of
water supply in adequate quantity of prescribed
quality is to be captured using IoT based sensors
and iCloud to monitor service delivery at
household level and take corrective measures
wherever required;
xxix.) water quality monitoring will be undertaken by
department through laboratory tests and
water quality surveillance will be undertaken
by community through Field Test Kits (FTKs)
and Sanitary inspection. (further details are
elaborated at chapter 10)
xxx.) States/ UTs in consultation with Gram
Panchayat and/ or its sub-committee, i.e.
VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User Group, etc. may
explore the option of providing 24 X 7 water
supply so that there will be no need for having
individual household storage tanks. For this, all
out efforts will be made in building community
ownership & trust, awareness on judicious use
of water and the convenience of having such a
functioning system;
xxxi.) with the provision of FHTCs, additional greywater
will be generated at household level which will
need treatment before it can be utilized for
agriculture and non-potable uses. In many areas,
the treated greywater can be a reasonable
source of revenue for the Gram Panchayat and/
or its sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti/
User Group, etc. in which can be utilized towards
meeting part of O&M expenditure (further
details are elaborated at Para 6.1);
xxxii.) convergence with PMKVK to be explored on
priority and continuous basis to meet the huge
requirement of capacity building of skilled
human resource such as masons, pump
operators, plumbers, electricians, motor
mechanics, etc. for construction and O&M;
xxxiii.) Implementation Support Agencies (ISAs), viz.
Self Help Groups (SHGs)/ CBOs/ NGOs/ VOs, etc.
need to be identified and empanelled to
handhold the community and facilitate the
participatory approval and implementation,
management, O&M, etc. of in-village
infrastructure by the Gram Panchayat and/ or its
sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User
Group, etc.;
xxxiv.) in many States, Gram Panchayat and/ or its sub-
committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User
Group, etc. have been empowered over the past
decades to shoulder the responsibility of water
supply management. However, there are still
areas where Gram Panchayat and/ or its sub-
committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User
Group, etc. need to be handheld by such
Implementation Support Agencies (ISAs). In such
villages, the services of ISAs are to be utilized;
xxxv.) in case of regional water supply/ bulk water
transfer schemes and distribution network, the
existing procedure will be followed in the
State/ UT for implementation. However, under
JJM, preferred option will be EPC mode with 2-
5 year O&M by the executing agency;
xxxvi.) while finalising the EPC contracts, relevant
clause in the tender documents is to be
included mentioning that materials to be
procured for use in construction by the
contracting agency should adhere to the
Strategy for Planning and Implementation
19
relevant Indian Standards. Further, type of
material to be used under different terrain/
conditions should adhere to the CPHEEO
recommendations for such conditions, as the
case may be and as amended from time to
time. It would be the responsibility of the
PHED/ RWS Department/ Board/ Corporation,
etc. and the agency executing the work to
ensure the quality of the material used in the
construction by asking the supplier to get it
certified from accredited testing agencies/
institutions stating that they adhere to the
standards/ specifications. This aspect would be
checked and recorded by the third party
inspection agencies at the time of inspection of
completed works for making payment;
xxxvii.) for executing the programme expeditiously and
on such a large scale, there would be a need for
executing agencies to carry out in-village
infrastructure work for which centralized e-
tendering mechanism will be adopted to
discover best rates, best agencies and speed up
the implementation on such a high scale;
xxxviii.) the following steps will be followed for
programme implementation:
a.) SWSM to prepare different possible unit type
designs and cost estimates of all water supply
scheme components like ESR, sumps, washing
& bathing blocks, etc. based on population,
profile and soil conditions, etc. considering all
aspect of programme implementation in the
village involving Gram Panchayat and/ or its
sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User
Group, etc.;
b.) SWSM will firm up item rate contracts for such
items/ components and call e-tenders to
empanel multiple agencies on Engineering
Procurement and Construction (EPC) mode.
This may be valid for 2-3 years;
c.) SWSM will decide the maximum number of
works to be awarded to the empanelled
agencies based on State's annual target,
availability of funds, number of projects where
land acquisition is complete and handed-over
to the concerned (i.e., land is readily available
for infrastructure creation), and agency's
capacity to undertake the works;
d.) DWSM and PHED/ RWS Department, in
consultation with Gram Panchayat and/ or its
sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User
Group, etc. will decide the agency from the
empanelled list for implementation ensuring
one village has only one agency for all works;
e.) DWSM, in consultation with Gram Panchayat
and/ or its sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani
Samiti/ User Group, etc. will award the work to
the selected agency and enter into a tripartite
contract, i.e. DWSM, Gram Panchayat and/ or
its sub-committee and executing agency. In
case ISA is there, they will also be part of the
agreement. Since this is a time-bound mission-
mode programme, suitable penalty clause
need to be incorporated in the contract
documents so as to disincentivize the agency
delay in the implementation. Similarly,
provisions to be made for payment to
executing agency without any delay;
f.) Agency will start the work in consultation with
Gram Panchayat and/ or its sub-committee, i.e.
VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User Group, etc. and
DWSM, and required support will be provided
to the executing agency to resolve any conflicts
arising during the implementation and ensure
timely completion;
g.) on request for release of running payment
from the executing agency, a combined
inspection of site will be undertaken by i.) Gram
Panchayat and/ or its sub-committee, i.e.
VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User Group, etc.; ii.)
PHED/ RWS Department; and iii.) third-party
inspection agency empanelled by SWSM based
on criteria⁹ developed by DDWS. The agreed
discussion points will be recorded and signed in
a separate 'works register' created for this
purpose with Gram Panchayat and/ or its sub-
committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User
Group, etc. Based on this, PHED/ RWS
Department. will record the measurements in
Measurement Book (MB) and process further
for making payment;
h.) on completion of the work, final bill payment
will be made based on the above prescribed
procedure and agency will be responsible for
smooth running of the water supply system
during defect liability period;
i.) once bill for claiming the payment is submitted,
payment is to be made within 30-45 days after
third party inspection. In case of delay in the
⁹suggested criteria for selecon and ToR for third-party inspecon agency placed at Annex-VIII
20
payment, same penalty clause, i.e. payment
with interest to be made, responsibility to be
fixed and recovery to be made;
j.) guarantee and/ or warranty of the water supply
scheme components (machinery, electrical
items, etc.) will be responsibility of the concerned
agency. However, its checking/ verification to be
done by PHED/ RWS Department.
xxxix.) State Government/ UT Administration will have
a regulation policy for various uses of
groundwater to restrict the uses within the
annual replenishable ground water recharge.
Under JJM, huge sum from public exchequer
and community is spent and it is to be ensured
that such investment does not go to waste for
want of water availability. For this, it is necessary
to discourage the excessive use of ground water
for agriculture, industrial purposes, etc.;
xl.) concurrent monitoring would be an important
part of JJM. DDWS will design, maintain and
monitor an IMIS with a real time dashboard
capturing physical and financial progress of
schemes implemented by Gram Panchayat
and/ or its sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani
Samiti/ User Group, etc., DWSM, SWSM, etc.
(further details are elaborated in chapter 11);
xli.) capacity building of various stakeholders
involved in the implementation of programme
at all levels will be a continuous activity.
Reputed institutions with expertise in water
sector will be engaged and all out efforts to be
made to mobilize the community effectively.
3.6 Planning
3.6.1 Action plans at village, district and State level
If a census coded revenue village achieves provision of
100% FHTC to all its households located in all of its
wards/ habitations/ Mohallas/ Faliya/ Majra/ Chord/
Palli/ Kheda/ Tola, etc. then it would be declared as
100% FHTC village. If a district achieves provision of
100% FHTC to all households in all its census coded
revenue villages, then it would be declared as 100%
FHTC district. If a State achieves provision of 100%
FHTC to all households in all its districts, then it would
be declared as 100% FHTC State.
Village Action Plan (VAP)
A Village Action Plan (VAP)¹⁰ will be prepared by Gram
Panchayat or its sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani
Samiti/ User Group, etc. with support from ISA, PHED/
RWS Department, DWSM based on baseline survey,
resource mapping and felt needs of the village
community. It will include the following:
i.) history of water supply/ availability in the
village, details of any drought/ scarcity/ cyclone/
flood or any other natural calamity pattern;
history of any emergency arrangements like
water supply through tankers, trains, etc.;
history of part works related to water supply,
source strengthening, general trend of water
availability, major water-borne diseases;
ii.) existing status of village water supply including
source, water quality issues, if any, and O&M
arrangement;
iii.) current availability of water in water source
(yield measured) and its long-term sustainability;
iv.) need assessment of water required in village
and the available resources. Based on this,
decision to be made for construction of Single
Village Scheme (SVS) or part of Multi Village
Scheme (MVS);
v.) number of existing FHTCs and number of FHTCs
yet to be provided in all habitations;
vi.) willingness including affordability of people to
contribute towards partial capital cost in cash/
kind and/ or labour and regular contribution
towards O&M;
vii.) capacity building of members of Gram
Panchayat and/ or its sub-committee, i.e.
VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User Group, etc.,
barefoot technicians, awareness generation
among community on judicious use of water
and change in living standards;
viii.) location of proposed water source, washing/
bathing places, cattle trough, finalization of
technology option, implementation schedule,
long-term O&M plan, etc.;
ix.) ensuring availability of land in favour of Gram
Panchayat and/ or its sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/
Paani Samiti/ User Group, etc. for construction
of in-village water supply infrastructure;
x.) overall roles and responsibility of Gram
Panchayat and/ or its sub-committee, i.e.
VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User Group, etc. and its
members and linkage with DWSM, SWSM, ISA,
agency, PHED/ RWS Department;
¹⁰Suggested format for VAP is at Annex-XA
Strategy for Planning and Implementation
21
xi.) plan for providing water to public institutions,
viz. school, anganwadi centre, health centre,
GP building, etc. in the village;
xii.) identify barefoot technician for minimal repair
works, O&M, etc.;
xiii.) identify dedicated persons in village to conduct
water quality tests through Field Test Kits and
train for the same;
xiv.) greywater management measures;
xv.) schedule for sanitary inspection;
xvi.) water safety and security plan.
Gram Panchayat and/ or its sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/
Paani Samiti/ User Group, etc. to ensure participation
of village community including all its habitations, ISA,
DWSM, PHED/ RWS Department., etc. in . Gram Sabha
The VAP will be approved in the , when Gram Sabha
80% of the village community present in the meeting
agree to the prepared plan. VAP will then be submitted
to DWSM for further action. Technical approval will be
accorded by the PHED/ RWS Department/ Board.
District Action Plan (DAP)
DWSM will be responsible for preparation and
finalization of District Action Plan (DAP)¹¹ which will
include:
i.) strategic plan for FHTC to all rural households
by 2024, along with quarterly and annual plan;
ii.) aggregation of all VAPs received;
iii.) analysis and preparation of database of the
various components emerging from VAPs;
iv.) timelines for all the activities identified for
FHTCs coverage and financial requirement. The
overall human resource requirement at
different levels will be part of DAP including
their capacity building;
v.) identification of villages where water supply
system will be based on local water source,
require retrofitting/ augmentation and/ or
require water supply from surface water;
vi.) identification of in-situ traditional harvesting
techniques/ structures to be revived and
renovated for augmenting drinking water supply;
vii.) estimation of type of water sources, rising
mains, treatment facilities required, elevated
storage reservoirs, sumps, water pumps, solar
panels, distribution network, FHTCs, washing/
bathing places, cattle troughs, greywater
treatment and reuse measures, source
sustainability measures, etc. required within
the district and its cost;
viii.) identification of number of ISAs required out of
empanelled ISAs, plan for their deployment
and ensure availability in the village from the
start of VAP preparation;
ix.) plan for capacity building, training, third party
inspection, O&M, and IEC activities;
x.) identify sources of convergence to meet the
requirements emerging from VAP;
xi.) plan for NABL accreditation of district water
quality testing lab and identify models for
block/ village level water quality testing;
xii.) overall cost of DAP and timelines containing
fund requirements and outputs;
xiii.) O&M for both in-village as well as regional
water supply, financial and institutional
requirement and arrangement;
xiv.) submission of final DAP to SWSM;
State Action Plan (SAP)
The State Action Plan (SAP)¹² needs to be prepared with
an objective of achieving overall state drinking water
security in such a way; as to avoid arranging water
supply through tankers/ trains, handpump installation,
etc. in any village.
The SAP will be prepared and finalized by SWSM with
the help of PHED/ RWS Department based on DAPs.
i.) priority is to be accorded to retrofit existing
infrastructure, viz. completed piped water
supply schemes and ongoing piped water
supply schemes are to be identified, taken up
and completed in the first two financial years.
Further, priority is to be accorded to provide
FHTCs by March, 2021 in water quality-affected
areas, JE-AES areas, DDP areas, DPAP areas,
Aspirational districts, and Sansad Adarsh Gram
Yojana (SAGY) villages;
ii.) efforts to be made to improve the water
availability locally by using rainwater
harvesting, artificial recharge of drinking water
sources, through convergence of resources and
efforts, etc.;
¹¹Suggested format for DAP is at Annex-XB
¹²Suggested format for SAP is at Annex-XC
22
iii.) keeping in view DAPs of all districts and
identifying the regions of the State with surplus
water, SWSM to decide whether to transfer
water from surplus regions to scarce regions and
develop distribution network for regional water
supply schemes covering multiple villages;
iv.) in States with drought-prone and desert areas,
it is necessary to reserve water for domestic
needs from multi-purpose reservoirs/ storages
in consultation with concerned agencies/
Departments;
v.) the SAP would specifically mention the
institutional reforms required including
unbundling the existing water supply
departments into different agencies focusing on
specific aspects of water supply, i.e. bulk water
transfer/ infrastructure development, intra and
inter-district distribution systems and support
to village level institutional arrangement;
vi.) the said agencies would function as utilities for
creating infrastructure with focus on specific
water supply services. For this purpose, SAP will
specify bulk water tariffs for both accessing the
water from source and supply from the grid;
vii.) SAP would also outline the different financing
models in the form of Public Private
Partnership (PPP), i.e. Hybrid Annuity Model
(HAM), Design Build Operate Own Transfer
(DBOOT), Build Operate Transfer (BOT), etc.;
viii.) SAP should have detailed action plans for
ensuring functionality of household tap
connections and Water Quality Monitoring &
Surveillance (WQM&S). This will inter alia include
planning for infrastructural requirements of
water testing laboratories and human resources;
ix.) SAP would specifically identify areas (hilly/
tribal/ forested/ hot and cold deserts and
inaccessible areas) that would require innovative
technological interventions to provide assured
water supply using renewable energy;
x.) on the basis of DAPs, the SAP will plan for
convergence for source sustainability and
greywater management measures;
xi.) the SAP will further detail the district-wise list
of GPs/ villages with number of FHTCs provided
in each village, balance FHTCs to be provided,
PRA activities, type of scheme to be provided
(retrofitting/ new SVS/ MVS/ standalone
schemes for difficult and far-flung areas, etc.)
preparation of estimates by PHED/ RWS
Department, implementation schedule, etc.;
xii.) it will contain timelines for all the activities
identified under district-wise FHTCs coverage
and financial requirement;
xiii.) the overall human resource requirement at
different levels should be part of SAP including
their capacity building, training, etc.;
xiv.) planning at all levels for piped water supply
requires use of HGM maps/ space technology.
(further details on technology elaborated at
chapter 8);
xv.) SAP will develop strategies for state-wide
rejuvenation and cleaning of village water
bodies/ traditional water harvesting structures.
Greywater treatment and reuse will form an
integral part of the water security strategy.
Protection and preservation of water bodies
will be helpful in achieving drinking water
security. For this purpose, SWSM has to decide
convergence of activities and funds from
different sources, viz. MGNREGS, IWMP,
SBM(G), MPLAD, MLALAD, DMDF, etc.
To achieve the national target by 2024, JJM
will follow a project approach. For this, SAPs
will be prepared for a period up to 2024, inter
alia which covers overall strategic plan,
modalities for implementation, activities to be
taken up, outputs to be achieved along with
timelines, annual financial outlay, etc. The
Strategic plan under SAP will detail source
sustainability, functionality, monitoring, third
party inspections for implementation, water
measurement, greywater management and
comprehensive O&M plan for the system. The
SAP will be considered and approved by DDWS
based on consultations with the respective
State/ UT. Based on SAP, funding arrangement
to be made.
Strategy for Planning and Implementation
23
ii.) an agency to plan and execute the intra and inter-
district water distribution systems for delivery of
water to Gram Panchayat and/ or its sub-
committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User Group,
etc. as well as to municipal bodies; and
iii.) a separate agency to empower, support and
handhold the village level institutions that are part
of Gram Panchayat and/ or its sub-committee, i.e.
VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User Group, etc. for service
delivery through FHTCs and for long-term
management, operation and maintenance.
The States can decide to have at least two agencies of
their choice out of the aforesaid three, depending on
their requirement. SWSM would play a crucial role in
setting up of the said agencies. Such a reform would
enable the institutions to function as utilities focusing
on services and recovery of water tariff from consumers
for meeting the O&M expenditure.
With the help of Implementation Support Agency (ISA)
working at village level, model management contract
may be developed so that water supply services at
village level can be provided by young entrepreneurs/
Self Help Groups on either standalone or cluster-based
models. The same can be used for greywater
management. This will help in bringing in newer
technology, robust management practices and recovery
of user charges, thus bringing in long-term sustainability.
The State may also create an independent regulatory
body for the water supply sector that would decide the
terms and conditions for the water supply service
provision by various agencies, tariff fixing and
monitoring its collection and resolving the disputes
and would also act as a water supply ombudsman so
that any aggrieved user can approach it for redressal of
her/ his grievances.
3.6.2 Way forward - service delivery and utility
development
The planning for the Mission would be based on the
long-term plan for the State water supply sector as a
whole and will address the issues pertaining to water
security and sustainability of sources and systems. This
will require the current administrative structure to
transform from present 'department-based and
construction or infrastructure development' to 'utility-
based' based approach. There is a need to shift focus
from water supply infrastructure creation to water
management, viz. service delivery. The approach, inter
alia includes sustainable O&M of the systems,
undertaking water budgeting and audits at regular
intervals, cost recovery, reducing the energy charges
by adopting conjunctive use of water as well as use of
conventional and non-conventional energy specifically
solar, measuring the water drawl and accounting for
the same, addressing the grievances proactively, etc.
Further, the long-term plan for the sector needs to be
firmed up on the basis of the strategy drawn earlier for
ensuring water availability and financial sustainability.
For achieving this, institutional reforms like unbundling
of the existing institutions and assigning water supply
regulatory function to an independent agency is the
logical way forward. This will also open private
investments.
In some states, the existing institutions need to be
reformed by creating:
i.) a dedicated agency for planning of bulk water
transfer and treatment to deliver potable water
to urban, rural and industrial use. This utility to
work on sound commercial principles;
The Annual Action Plan (AAP) of the State/ UT
will emerge from the approved SAP firming
up the physical and financial district-wise
targets and will be submitted to DDWS/ NJJM.
The AAP will be approved by DDWS/ NJJM
based on consultation with the respective
State/ UT and funds will be released keeping
in view the achievements under Annual
Action Plan (AAP).
24
4
CHAPTER
he following ongoing programmes under
T
erstwhile NRDWP are subsumed into Jal
Jeevan Mission:
4.1 Rural Water Supply and Sanitation
Project for low income States (RWSSP-LIS)
Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project for Low
Income Sates (Neer Nirmal Pariyojana) was started in
2014 for a period of six years till March, 2020 to cover
total population of 78 Lakh across 4 States, i.e. Assam,
Bihar, Jharkhand and Uttar Pradesh with World Bank,
IDA assistance. The project objective was to improve
piped water supply and sanitation services for selected
rural communities in aforesaid states through
decentralized delivery systems and to increase the
capacity of states to respond promptly and efficiently
to an emergency situation. The objective of RWSSP-LIS
is to provide household tap connections at 70 lpcd to
rural households. With the launch of JJM, RWSSP-LIS
stands subsumed into JJM.
4.2National Water Quality Sub-Mission
(NWQSM)
National Water Quality Sub-Mission (NWQSM) is being
implemented since March, 2017 to provide safe
drinking water to identified 27,544 Arsenic/ Fluoride
affected rural habitations by March, 2021 as per
existing guidelines.
Since commissioning of piped water supply schemes
may take 2-3 years, States have been advised to take up
Community Water Purification Plant (CWPP) schemes
in Arsenic and Fluoride affected habitations as an
immediate (short-term) measure for providing 8-10
lpcd of safe water for drinking and cooking purpose
only. However, States are asked to plan for long-term
measures in these habitations to provide FHTCs.
States are allowed to use JJM funds for en-route
habitations, use Externally Aided Projects (EAPs)/ State
schemes and other funds for convergence to the extent
of eligibility.
National Water Quality Sub-Mission will come to an
end on 31 March, 2021. Accordingly, incurring of
expenditure by States will be allowed till 31 March,
Schemes/ Sub-missions under
erstwhile NRDWP subsumed into JJM
2021 under NWQSM. The balance amount left with the
States after 31 March, 2021 will be adjusted with JJM
Release. In case of incomplete schemes, remaining
expenditure to be borne by respective State/ UT.
In case of piped water supply (surface/ ground water)
approved under NWQSM, States will take measures to
provide FHTCs at service level of 55 lpcd to every rural
household by retrofitting and making it JJM compliant
by 2021. In case of short-term measures (Community
Water Purification Plant) approved under NWQSM,
States will take measures to provide FHTCs at service
level of 55 lpcd to every rural household by 2021.
4.3Japanese Encephalitis - Acute
Encephalitis Syndrome (JE-AES)
The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare has
identified 60 districts¹³ which are the most affected
with JE-AES. Funds are allocated to affected States on
the basis of number of drinking water sources in the 60
high priority districts and the extent of contamination.
Earlier, the JE-AES component had 2% of NRDWP
allocation. However, due to increase in the budget of
JJM, it will now be 0.5% of the annual allocation to the
State. Activities will be carried out in JE-AES affected
districts for providing safe drinking water as per
existing policy by taking up piped water supply
(surface/ ground water) schemes to provide FHTCs at
service level of 55 lpcd. In all completed/ ongoing
schemes, States will take measures to provide FHTCs at
service level of 55 lpcd to every rural household by
retrofitting and making it JJM compliant by 2021.
4.4Swajal
Swajal is being implemented in aspirational districts
through community designed, implemented,
maintained and safely managed single village water
supply scheme as per existing guidelines. The on-going
schemes under Swajal will continue under the existing
Swajal guidelines and ensure completion within the
stipulated time of completion. Any further new
schemes in these aspirational districts will be taken up
under JJM. The completed Swajal schemes which do
not have the provision of FHTC are to be retrofitted
under JJM.
¹³List of 60 Districts placed at Annex-XII
25
4.5Water Quality Monitoring and
Surveillance (WQM&S)
Water quality monitoring involves testing of water
samples collected from water sources by Department
in water quality testing laboratories. Surveillance is
undertaken by community using Field Test Kits (FTKs),
sanitary inspection, etc. Under JJM, water samples will
also be collected from FHTCs. WQM&S is now
subsumed under JJM and will receive up to 2% of JJM
funds. Further details are elaborated at Chapter 10.
4.6Support activities
All the erstwhile NRDWP support activities are
subsumed under JJM and will receive up to 5% of JJM
funds. Further details are elaborated at chapter 9.
26
JM is a time-bound mission-mode programme
J
and needs robust institutional framework for its
successful implementation to achieve the stated
goal. Hence, a four-tier institutional mechanism is to
be set up at National, State, District and Village level
as under:
5.1National Level - National Jal Jeevan
Mission (NJJM)
There will be National Jal Jeevan Mission headed by a
senior officer with a directorate. The mission will have
all powers needed for the successful implementation
of the Mission for long-term drinking water security to
rural communities. Roles and responsibilities of NJJM
are as under:
i.) will be responsible for implementation of JJM
and to provide policy guidance, financial
assistance and technical support to States;
ii.) regular monitoring and necessary corrective
action from time to time;
iii.) monitoring of fund utilization at State level to
ensure expeditious implementation;
iv.) carrying out regular functionality assessment,
evaluation and impact assessment;
v.) building partnerships with other institutions
and programmes to achieve the goal;
vi.) coordinate with other Ministries/ Departments
for convergence;
vii.) approval of State AAPs for implementation of
the mission;
viii.) facilitate States to access funds from external
sources;
ix.) operate Rashtriya Jal Jeevan Kosh (RJJK) and
mobilize resources;
x.) enable cross-learning through sharing of best
practices, success stories, etc.;
xi.) facilitate scaling up of proven innovative
projects;
xii.) promote innovation, research and technological
development activities;
xiii.) carrying out Information, Education and
Communication (IEC) campaign;
xiv.) facilitate capacity building of SWSM, DWSM,
State engineering departments/ boards and
their human resources;
xv.) coordinate with international agencies and
explore opportunities for collaboration;
xvi.) engage services of consultants, agencies and
experts as and when required;
xvii.) recognize and reward performance of various
stakeholders;
xviii.) carry out associated activities to involve other
stakeholders like students, youth, women in
achieving the mission activities.
In addition to the directorate, the NJJM will have the
following:
5.1.1Data and documentation centre
Under the mission, a Data and Documentation centre
will be set up to monitor its implementation, collection
of information from States and to process the
information. The centre will be primarily served by
National Informatics Centre (NIC). The NIC would act
as IT consultant both at national as well as state level,
and would be responsible for:
i.) management of Integrated Management
Information System (IMIS) and generating
required reports for project management and
intervention;
ii.) all the master codes against the parameters/
components monitored under JJM and location
codes will be created by NIC and maintained as
Central database. The States to follow this
coding pattern;
iii.) at the State level, NIC state unit will extend
technical support to the MIS programme of the
state, including development of software
applications and training as per mutually agreed
proposals;
iv.) dashboard maintenance;
v.) monitoring of physical and financial progress
and functionality of FHTCs to analyze the same
Institutional Mechanism
5
CHAPTER
27
and take action to achieve the objective of the
mission;
vi.) any other IT activities considered and developed
in future to achieve the goal of JJM.
5.1.2Project Management Unit (PMU)
JJM is being implemented to provide FHTCs to about 15
Crore rural households which is likely to increase after
re-verification of baseline data. Since piped water
supply schemes are to be taken up at village level, the
quantum of work will increase manifolds. Moreover
innovative technological solutions have to be found
out in water scarce and quality-affected areas. Further,
the mission aims at monitoring functionality of tap
connections so as every household gets assured supply
of potable water in adequate quantity on regular basis.
There will be huge tasks not only for project
management but carrying out IEC campaign, capturing
best models, techno-economic analysis of in-village as
well as bulk water transfer and distribution, treatment
technologies, greywater reuse, physical and financial
progress, and timely action to keep the project on
track. States would also require lot of input on
technological front and there would be a continuous
need for techno-economic appraisal of state schemes
so that cost-effective and sustainable water supply
schemes are taken up. The mission has also to work on
various aspects of O&M as well as helping state
departments/ boards/ corporations to work like public
utilities with robust grievance redressal mechanisms.
To shoulder this responsibility at the national level,
mission will have a Project Management Unit (PMU)
with specialization in public health engineering and
techno-economic appraisal on one hand; and soft skills
like community mobilization, IEC, capacity development,
training, etc. on the other hand. There will be two teams
under the PMU, one for technical support and another
for management support for which suitable sourcing
mechanism will be worked out.
The technical support team would provide technical
support to the States, technical evaluation of project for
cost-effective implementation and suggest corrective
actions, development of design templates and costing
for small standalone schemes, provide assistance to
pilot innovative solutions to overcome challenges that
defy normal technological interventions and IoT based
monitoring systems.
The management support team would provide
support for project management/ monitoring, apply
data analysis tools for identifying implementation
constraints and financial planning, design of IMIS
reports on the basis of this analysis, identify success
stories and develop formats to document them,
monitor performance of ISAs, third party inspection
agencies, coordinate functionality assessment,
arrange capacity building programmes, identify
training needs, study inter-sectoral externalities and
make policy recommendations for course correction,
develop strategic IEC material, viz. education material,
advertisement contents, etc.
5.2State level - State Water and Sanitation
Mission (SWSM)
The concept of State Water and Sanitation Mission
(SWSM) started in 1999 for coordination, convergence
and policy guidance at the State level, headed by Chief
Secretary of the State. The SWSM may be registered as
a society as decided by the respective State
Government/ U T Admin istration. The S tate
Governments would provide necessary powers to the
SWSM for successful implementation of JJM. The
existing SWSM may be further strengthened to achieve
the objective of JJM. SWSM, a state level institution
headed by Chief Secretary with Principal Secretary/
Secretary in-charge of PHED/ RWS Department as
Mission Director is the organisation responsible for
implementation of JJM in the state.
Most of the mission officials will be taken on
deputation from various departments/ agencies/
institutions for time-bound implementation of JJM.
However, to bring synergy and drive with latest
knowledge, in addition to regular officials, it will also
have subject matter specialists on contract. To provide
specialized support, SWSM can hire consultants for
which fund provided under support activities can be
utilized. The existing Water and Sanitation Support
Organization (WSSO) will be subsumed under the
SWSM. The structure of the mission and human
resources will be decided by the State. In addition to
public health engineers, the mission will also have
officials/ personnel for project management, finance
management, IT, IEC, capacity building and training,
NGO coordination, etc. Depending on the quantum of
work, and size of the State, following is suggested in
addition to public health engineers:
i.) D i r e c t o r i n - c h a r g e o f s t r a t e g y a n d
implementation
ii.) Project manager(s) for technical, financial and
monitoring
28
iii.) Coordinator for Implementation Support
Agencies (ISAs)
iv.) Coordinator for Information, Education and
Communication (IEC)
v.) Coordinator for Capacity Building and Training
vi.) Coordinator for Integrated Management
Information System (IMIS)
vii.) Coordinator Water Quality Monitoring &
Surveillance (WQM&S)
viii.) Hydrogeologist
ix.) any other person, as required.
The SWSM would have i.) Apex Committee, and ii.)
Executive Committee.
The Apex Committee would be headed by the Chief
Secretary of the State with Secretaries in-charge of PHE/
Rural Water Supply, Rural Development (RD),
Panchayati Raj (PR), Primary Education, Health, Finance,
Planning, Information and Public Relations and a
Government of India representative as members. In
addition, three experts/ eminent persons working in the
field of rural water supply, public service, natural
resource management, community development, etc.
will also be made members of the Apex Committee.
Principal Secretary/ Secretary in-charge of PHED/ RWS
Department will be the Member Secretary. State may
decide to have an officer with administrative experience
as Mission Director or Principal Secretary/ Secretary in-
charge of PHED/ RWS Department may also be
appointed as Mission Director. The Apex Committee will
meet at least twice a year and if possible, quarterly.
State has to notify the Member Secretary and Mission
Director of the SWSM.
The functions of Apex committee are:
i.) to provide policy guidance and will be
responsible for the overall planning, strategizing,
and implementation of JJM in the State;
ii.) responsible for finalization of State Action Plan
(SAP) to provide FHTC to every rural household
of the State by 2024;
iii.) decide charges for providing FHTC to rural
household;
iv.) decide water service standards;
v.) appraisal and in-principle approval of State
Action Plan (SAP) after discussion with
Department/ National Mission;
vi.) responsible for financial planning including
ensuring timely utilization of fund and no
parking of fund;
vii.) responsible for coordination among various
D e p a r t m e n t s a n d o t h er age n c i e s fo r
convergence;
viii.) resp o n sible fo r d evo l ution of powers
empowering GP/ sub-committee of GP for
management of in-village infrastructure, if not
done already;
ix.) d e v o l v e p o w e r s t o D W S M to a c c o r d
administrative approval of intra-district and in-
village infrastructure water supply schemes;
x.) decide modalities for operation of single nodal
account;
xi.) build suitable incentive and disincentive
mechanism in the policy to discourage wastage
of water as well as to meet recurring
expenditure on bulk water, distribution network
and household level supply;
xii.) bringing about effective policies & regulations
for water use by other sectors, abating water
contamination by industries, agricultural
practices or mis-management of solid & liquid
waste by individual households/ institutions;
xiii.) to enforce uniform policy for various uses of
groundwater within the annual replenishable
ground water recharge;
xiv.) responsible for water allocation;
xv.) to firm up State policy on engaging dedicated
human resource for ensuring water quality
testing as well as surveillance using Field Test Kits;
xvi.) finalize ToR for various contracts especially
penal provision for delays and its monitoring;
xvii.) developing O&M strategy and monthly tariff/
user charges for ensuring financial sustainability
of the system/ scheme. To firm up policy on
O&M accounts and its operation process by GP
and/ or its sub-committee;
xviii.) to firm up policy on earmarked % of support
fund for IEC/ BCC activities;
xix.) decide action on unauthorized/ unmetered/
unaccounted connections to stop continued
loss of water/ revenue.
Institutional Mechanism
29
Mission Director will be assisted by an Executive
Committee consisting of 5-10 members. Engineer-in-
Chief/ Chief Engineer in charge of Rural Drinking Water
Supply, officers from the related Departments, viz.
Water Resources, Rural Development & Panchayati Raj,
Health, Primary Education, Finance, etc. will be ex-
officio members. Experts, not exceeding three, from the
field of water, rural development, public/ community
health and hygiene, sanitation, and reputed voluntary
organizations are to be co-opted as members.
The executive committee of SWSM will have the
following functions:
i.) support in creation of DWSMs, ensure necessary
capacity building, regular monitoring of its
functioning; coordinate with DWSMs, collate
information, finalize Annual Action Plans (AAPs);
ii.) mo n i t o r i n g o f phy s i c a l a n d f i n a n c i al
performance and management of the water
supply projects;
iii.) approval for opening a single nodal account and
ensure PFMS implementation;
iv.) prepare and share design of different types of
schemes with DWSMs;
v.) promote/ support innovation, new technology
wherever feasible;
vi.) take up evaluation studies, impact assessment
studies, R&D activities;
vii.) ensure regular updates of JJM physical and
financial progress on IMIS and validate the same;
viii.) decide rate contracts and empanel reputed
construction agencies/ vendors through
ce ntrali ze d tend e r ing for ex p editio u s
implementation;
ix.) empanel partner NGOs/ VOs/ SHGs as
Implementation Support Agencies (ISAs);
x.) engage third party inspection agencies for
inspection of work before payment;
xi.) finalize State Information, Education and
Communication (IEC)/ Behavioural Change
Communication (BCC) strategy. Ensure effective
utilization of the earmarked support fund for IEC
activity;
xii.) prepare capacity building action plan for
personnel at various levels of the mission and
monitor its implementation, arrange Training of
Trainers (ToTs), IEC material use, etc.;
xiii.) ensure that Utilization Certificates (UCs),
Audited Statement of Accounts (ASA), etc. are
submitted to Government of India on time;
xiv.) sharing of reports, success stories, best practices
on IMIS and within State and disseminate
through State social media accounts;
xv.) conduct campaigns across State that are
initiated by both Central and State governments;
xvi.) recognize well performing Districts, Gram
Panchayat and/ or its sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/
Paani Samiti/ User Group, etc., ISAs from time-
time and develop policy to encourage them;
xvii.) create and maintain digital inventory of JJM
assets on a GIS platform;
xviii.) decide on state-specific slogans for introducing
JJM, wall paintings based on the number of
houses in a village and areas where it will be
painted.
In its Annual General Meeting (AGM) following may be
decided/ approved,
i.) adoption of account;
ii.) appointment of auditor for the society from
CAG empanelled auditors;
iii.) performance review of annual plan; and
iv.) approval of next year annual plan, etc.
Every State has 'State Level Scheme Sanctioning
Committee' (SLSSC) which essentially works as State
level technical committee and the same will be
(re)constituted/ continued for JJM. SLSSC headed by
Chief Secretary/ Principal Secretary/ Secretary in-
charge of PHED/ RWS Department, as the case may be,
may have following members:
i.) Representative from Department/ Mission, GoI
ii.) Mission Director of SWSM
iii.) Director, Regional CGWB office
iv.) Director, State water resource/ ground water
department
v.) Director, Regional office of Central Water
Commission
30
vi.) Technical expert from reputed State and/ or
national technical institutions
vii.) Chief e ngine er, p l annin g , PHED/ RWS
department
viii.) Any other member (need based) nominated by
the State's Chief Secretary
ix.) Engineer-in-Chief, PHED/ RWS department will
be Member-Secretary
The agenda note for the meeting should be sent to the
Department/ National Mission at least 15 days in
advance in order to examine the proposal, firm up its
views, provide best techno-economic inputs and for
the representatives to attend the SLSSC meeting. The
Member-Secretary will convene the SLSSC meeting for
approval of schemes which are not under the purview
of DWSM for sanction, viz. intra/ inter district
distribution networks, regional water supply schemes,
bulk water transfer through water grids, treatment
plants, etc. The proposals placed before SLSSC should
be invariably reviewed by 'Source Finding Committee'
for availability of potable water in adequate quantity in
prescribed quality for the scheme design period. The
members of Source Finding Committee may be
decided by the SWSM. Every State has delegated
powers to accord technical sanction to different level
of officers and the same may be notified for JJM.
5.3 District Water and Sanitation Mission
(DWSM)
At the district level, DWSM is responsible for overall
implementation of JJM. DWSM will be headed by
Deputy Commissioner/ District Collector (DC). The
members would be
i.) Chief Executive Officer (CEO) - ZP/ District
Development Officer/ Chief Development Officer
ii.) Divisional Forest Officer
iii.) Project Director in ITDA/ ITDP districts
iv.) District Medical Officer
v.) District Education Officer
vi.) Executive Engineer, Water Resources/ Ground
Water/ Irrigation
vii.) District Agriculture Officer
viii.) District Information and Public Relations Officer
ix.) Executive Engineer, PHED/ RWS Department
(Member-Secretary)
Eminent persons from the field of water management,
community health, community development, etc. and
local MP may be co-opted as members. Executive
Engineer (EE), PHED/ RWS Department will be the
member secretary. DWSM will convene monthly
meetings to consider and accord administrative
approval of the in-village water supply schemes, plan
protection and preservation of village water sources,
greywater management, preventing water bodies/
sources from getting polluted, etc. Every year, for
preparation of district annual action plan, views of
people's representatives such as MP/ MLAs/ chairperson
of district Panchayat may be solicited.
To support the DWSM, depending on the quantum of
work, size of district, following Human Resource is
suggested:
i.) Project manager(s) for technical, financial and
monitoring
ii.) Coordinator for ISAs
iii.) Coordinator for IEC
iv.) Coordinator for capacity building and training
v.) Coordinator for MIS
vi.) Coordinator for WQM&S
The remuneration towards the above technical/subject
matter experts, if hired on contract basis, will be met
from overall support activity fund.
Functions of DWSM will be as follows:
i.) ensure preparation of VAP after taking stock of
each village for FHTCs;
ii.) finalize a District Action Plan (DAP) to provide
FHTC to every rural household by 2024;
iii.) provide administrative approval of in-village
water supply schemes/ projects at district level
as per the powers devolved by SWSM;
iv.) ensure availability of funds for source
sustainability works and greywater management
in villages through convergence and projects
may be cleared only if these components are
part of DPR;
v.) identify villages requiring ISA support, engage
ISAs from empanelled list and monitor their
performance;
Institutional Mechanism
31
vi.) provide necessary directions given to PHED/
RWS Department for active participation in VAP
and initiate techno-economic feasibility,
preparation of DPRs in consultation with Gram
Panchayat and/ or its sub-committee, i.e.
VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User Group, etc.;
vii.) approve the Village Action Plans (VAPs) that
would contain the estimate for in-village
infrastructure viz. retrofitting or new scheme
and its implementation timeline;
viii.) finalize unit type designs and approve cost
estimates finalized by SWSM or PHED/ RWS
Department, ISA, Gram Panchayat and/ or its
sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User
Group, etc.
ix.) ensure availability of agency from the empanelled
list based on the annual projected requirement
emerging from VAPs and award work;
x.) engage third party agency for inspection of work
before payment to the agency;
xi.) help in formation of sub-committee of Gram
Panchayats, i.e. VWSCs/ Paani Samitis/ User
Groups, etc. and handhold to ensure scheme
implementation;
xii.) coordinate with Gram Panchayat and/ or its sub-
committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User
Group, etc., collate information, prepare District
Action Plan (DAP) and submit to SWSM;
xiii.) converge with PMKVK to create a pool of skilled
human resource to be engaged by Gram
Panchayat and/ or its sub-committee, i.e.
VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User Group, etc. for
creating in-village infrastructure under JJM. The
payment towards the same maybe met out of
support funds;
xiv.) ensure regular updates of JJM physical and
financial progress on IMIS and validate the
same;
xv.) monitor and evaluate physical and financial
performance;
xvi.) facilitate deployment of NGO/ VO/ CBO partners
as Implementation Support Agencies (ISAs);
xvii.) implement IEC/ BCC strategy and ensure
effective utilization of the earmarked support
fund for the same;
xviii.) identify individuals to be trained as master
trainers at State level who will in-turn build
capacities of Gram Panchayat and/ or its sub-
committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User
Group, etc.;
xix.) upload FHTCs on IMIS after receipt of
commissioning certificate from Gram Panchayat
and/ or its sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani
Samiti/ User Group, etc.;
xx.) approve and share reports, success stories, best
practices on JJM IMIS and within district;
xxi.) conduct all campaigns with respect to JJM
initiated by both Central and State governments;
xxii.) recognize well-performing Gram Panchayat and/
or its sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti/
User Group, etc. and ISAs from time-time;
xxiii.) analyze data on health indicators, water-borne
diseases, etc. for corrective action;
xxiv.) arrange exposure visits for Gram Panchayat
and/ or its sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani
Samiti/ User Group, etc. functionaries,
wherever required;
xxv.) ensure state-specific slogans are wall painted in
prescribed format across villages as part of JJM
introductory programme;
xxvi.) step-in in times of calamities like drought/ flood;
xxvii.) grievance redressal;
xxviii.) ensuring that all information is placed on IMIS.
5.4Gram Panchayat and/or its sub-
committee, i.e. Village Water and
Sanitation Committee (VWSC)/ Paani
Samiti/ User Group, etc.
It is envisaged under JJM that the community will play a
lead role in planning, implementation, management,
operation and maintenance of in-village water supply
infrastructure thereby leading to FHTCs to every rural
household. The willingness of community, reflected
through resolution and community Gram Sabha
contribution, will be the foremost criterion for
planning of water supply system in villages.
GP and/ or its sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti/
User Group, etc. will function as a legal entity as
envisaged in the 73 Amendment to the Constitution.
rd
32
Gram Sabha will decide whether GP or its sub-
committee will carry out the responsibilities of water
supply management in the village. Wherever the sub-
committee is chosen, i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User
Group, etc. it may be headed by Sarpanch/ Up-
Sarpanch/ GP member/ traditional village head/ senior
village leader as the may decide and Gram Sabha
Panchayat Secretary/ Patwari/ Talati may act as
Secretary. It may consist of 10-15 members comprising
elected members of Panchayat up to 25% of the
composition; ; 50% women members (key to success)
and remaining 25% may consist of representatives of
weaker sections of the village (SC/ST) proportional to
their population. Ordinarily, tenure of sub-committee
may be kept at 2-3 years and during the Gram Sabha
JJM period will have option to reconstitute the sub-
committee. In case the tenure of elected members of
Panchayat in the sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani
Samiti/ User Group, etc. has ended due to any reason
then the DWSM may ensure the continuation of sub-
committee till such time the GP is reconstituted.
Similarly, in States where the elected GP does not exist,
the sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User
Group may be headed by traditional village leaders/
senior village leader as the village council may decide
and tenure will be specified. For GP or its sub-
committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User Group, etc.
State government will issue suitable notification under
the Panchayati Raj Act.
If stand-alone water supply systems are planned in
scattered settlements/ habitations, a user group is to be
formed in such settlements/ habitations who are to own,
manage, operate and maintain the water supply system.
Such user groups will be accountable to Gram Panchayat
and/ or its sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti, etc.
JJM fund will not be utilized for any single house/ farm
house that are far away from village/ habitation.
The Gram Panchayat and/ or its sub-committee, i.e.
VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User Group, etc. will discharge
the following functions:
i.) provide FHTC to every existing rural HH and any
new HH that may emerge in future, and ensure
that scattered households located away from
main settlements also get FHTCs;
ii.) ensure preparation of Village Action Plan (VAP)
for water supply scheme;
iii.) plan, design, implement, operate and maintain
the in-village water supply schemes and decide
seasonal supply hours;
iv.) procure construction services/ goods/ materials
from agencies/ vendors as finalized by SWSM
through centralized item rate tendering;
v.) mobilize and motivate the community to
contribute 5% or 10% of in-village infrastructure
capital expenditure, as the case may be. The
contribution may be in the form of cash and/ or
kind and/ or labour;
vi.) supervise construction of in-village infrastructure
including source sustainability, greywater reuse,
water conservation measures, etc.;
vii.) open bank account/ use existing account of GP
for community contribution and depositing
O&M service charge. In case an existing account
is being used, it should be ensured that a
separate ledger is to be maintained for
contribution and incentive;
viii.) create and maintain register for accounts which
should reflect community contribution in terms
of cash and/ or kind and/ or labour; costs
towards construction; O&M costs/ water tariff
collection and incentive received;
ix.) mobilize community for PRA activities;
x.) firm up and collect water tariff/ user charges;
xi.) will be responsible for management and regular
O&M of in-village water supply system including
local water sources;
xii.) record drinking water asset details in GP/ village
asset register;
xiii.) facilitate trials runs on scheme completion;
xiv.) fa c i l i tat e t h i rd pa r t y i n s p e c t i o n a n d
functionality assessment;
xv.) hold periodic meetings at least four times in a
year and maintain minutes/ record of the same;
xvi.) ensure water quality testing using Field Test Kits
(FTKs), periodic testing at laboratories &
disseminate the same among community and
undertake sanitary inspection. Engage/ train
rural youth/ students/ women to carry out
these activities;
xvii.) may engage a dedicated person to ensure water
quality test using FTKs, as per the respective
State policy;
xviii.) undertake social audit;
Institutional Mechanism
33
xix.) conduct awareness campaigns on judicious use
of water, come up with mechanisms to ensure
no misuse of water and ensure prescribed IEC
campaigns including wall-paintings, etc.
xx.) hire/ arrange pump operator, barefoot technician,
attend regular repair and maintenance work, and
operate the system.
5.5Implementation Support Agencies (ISAs)
NGOs/ VOs/ women SHGs/ CBOs/ Trusts/ Foundations
will be referred as ISAs and will play critical role as
partners in mobilizing and engaging the communities to
plan, design, implement, manage, operate & maintain
in-village water supply infrastructure. DWSM will engage
ISAs from the empanelled¹⁴ ISAs enlisted by SWSM.
Based on the District Action Plan of five years, the
number of villages to be covered every year will be
identified. These identified villages fall under different
categories, viz. villages requiring only last-mile
connectivity in terms of distribution network and
FHTCs, only IEC campaigns on judicious water use,
O&M support, requiring new schemes, etc. and will be
grouped for engaging an ISA for handholding support.
Accordingly, number of ISAs required every year is
identified for each of these categories along with
timeline. For new schemes, each ISA would be
responsible for the entire project cycle of maximum 18
months in 40-60 villages at a time.
Depending on the requirement in the district and
based on the performance of ISA, next set of 40-60
villages will be given to them after four to six months or
engage another ISA. In the district, there could be many
ISAs depending upon the need of work to be done and
requirement of handholding. Planning should be done
in such a manner that JJM is implemented in mission-
mode and all villages of districts are covered with
FHTCs to all rural households by 2024.
ISA to facilitate women participation at all levels of
planning, implementation, management, operation
and maintenance of in-village water supply systems
and contribution.
For delivery of results, ISA will be provided financial
support to engage a team comprising of 6-8 members
and conduct project activities. Once an ISA is selected
by DWSM, it has to prepare the action plan for the
villages it is allotted for entire scheme cycle with the
help of PHED/ RWS Department and clearly specifying
quarterly outputs. This plan will be in-line with the
¹⁴List of 60 Districts placed at Annex-XII
scheme cycle suggested by SWSM. Payment to ISA will
be linked to the time schedule and outputs on
quarterly basis. The payment to the ISA would be made
out of support funds.
ISAs will carry out following functions:
i.) facilitate constitution of sub-committee of
Gram Panchayat, i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User
Group, etc. and arrange to build capacities of its
functionaries;
ii.) handhold Gram Panchayat and/ or its sub-
committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User Group,
etc. in all the functions mandated in para 5.4 inter
al i a i n clude s openin g ba nk a c co u nts ,
mobilization of community contribution, O&M
arrangement, organizing Gram Sabha, organizing
meetings of sub-committee, facilitating
resolution in Gram Sabha and acceptance of
village scheme, facilitating sanitation and
greywater management activities, etc.;
iii.) need assessment of FHTCs and motivate
communities to have FHTCs;
iv.) act as coordination platform between DWSM
and VWSC;
v.) use Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) tools for
community mobilization and carry out need
assessment;
vi.) assisting the community in water campaigns
initiated by Government of India/ state
Government;
vii.) build awareness on various aspects of water
such as rain water harvesting, artificial recharge,
water quality, water-borne disease, water
saving, water handling, drinking water source
augmentation/ sustainability aspects, etc.;
viii.) document and upload success stories from
villages;
ix.) ensure wall-paintings are done at the proper
places in villages;
x.) ca r r y o u t S o c i a l Be h av i o u ra l Ch a n g e
Communication (SBCC) activities.
5.6 Public Health Engineering Department/
Rural Water Supply Department
The Public Health Engineering Department (PHED)/
RWS Department as decided by State Government will
34
be the line/ nodal Department for the implementation
of JJM in the State. Its role for creation of in-village
infrastructure and infrastructure (distribution network/
regional water supply grid) for multi-village schemes is
given in para 6.2 of the guideline. It is important to note
that although PRIs are the owners and managers of the
in-village infrastructure, the preparation of design,
estimates, tendering, technical handholding and
ensuring the quality of work execution will be the
responsibility of the Department. They would also be
providing guidance for fixing the tariff for recovery by
PRIs from village households, coordinate with other
Departments for source sustainability and greywater
management, data entry in IMIS, data handling, etc.
In every State, the SWSM will identify the engineering
Department/ Board/ Agency to handle JJM. The role of
this Department/ Board/ Agency in in-village
infrastructure is as follows:
i.) participate in PRA activities, firm up need
assessment of villages, and provide technical
help in preparation of VAP;
ii.) provide scientific and technical inputs to Gram
Panchayat and/ or its sub-committee, i.e.
VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User Group, etc. in
identifying drinking water sources;
iii.) ensure certification of source selected by Gram
Panchayat and/ or its sub-committee, i.e.
VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User Group, etc. for its
quantity & quality in a sustainable manner by
involving Hydrogeologists/ ground water
officials concerned;
iv.) identify existing assets that can be retrofitted;
v.) prepare design estimates and provide technical
approval for in-village infrastructure for
consideration & acceptance by Gram Panchayat
and/ or its sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani
Samiti/ User Group, etc.;
vi.) obtain statutory/ legal and other clearances for
execution of works, wherever required;
vii.) in case of MVS, plan, design, implement,
operate and manage bulk water transfer,
treatment and distribution network including
source development and ensure that water is
transferred up to sump in village;
viii.) in case of water quality-affected areas, ensure
that appropriate water treatment technology is
used and safe water is made available for supply;
ix.) entry in MB and preparation of running bills;
x.) carry out trial run and facilitate scheme
commissioning;
xi.) capture details of assets existing/ created and
geo-tag them;
xii.) ensure linking of existing FHTCs to head of the
household through Aadhar as part of baseline
mapping;
xiii.) provide design for a fenced 'water work'
complex housing the in-village infrastructure
and suggest suitable name as per local context.
5.7Sector partners
Sector partners are organizations like UN agencies,
international developmental agencies, foundations/
trusts/ NGOs/ CBOs/ corporates with CSR funds, etc.,
proactively working in the water sector with wide
outreach and impact. They are expected to play a huge
role in supporting implementation of JJM given their
wide experience. Their facilitating role will help in
improved access to safe drinking water in rural areas of
the country. Partners at Centre, State and district levels
to be identified based on their capacity to contribute to
the Jal Jeevan Mission.
Similar sector partners would be identified at State
level. Department/ National Mission, States will
partner with Sector Partners for HR support, designing
campaigns, capacity building of JJM institutional
mechanisms, innovating technology, management,
monitoring, etc.
These partners may include:
i.) UN and other international Development
organizations;
ii.) business & industry with CSR funds;
iii.) community-based organizations;
iv.) knowledge and R&D institutions;
v.) advocacy partners;
vi.) training/ skill development institutions;
vii.) university/ technical institutions.
The sector partners will assist to:
i.) provide specialized HR support at SWSM/
DWSM levels in discharging their functions;
Institutional Mechanism
35
ii.) plan for capacity building of various functionaries
associated with JJM by preparing proper content,
schedules, compendiums for training;
iii.) design IEC/ outreach campaigns;
iv.) document and disseminate information on
best practices on community management,
technological innovations, water conservation,
etc;
v.) facilitate organization of workshop, conferences,
seminars, etc. as required from time to time.
Wherever Department/ National Mission is
involved in workshops, conferences, etc. that are
being organized by sector partners, funds may be
provided under JJM from support fund for the
same based on actual needs.
5.8 National Centre for Drinking Water,
Sanitation and Quality (NCDWSQ)
National Centre for Drinking Water, Sanitation and
Quality, Kolkata has been established as an
autonomous Institution of the DDWS, Ministry of Jal
Shakti, with aim to work in the areas of identification,
mitigation and management of drinking water quality
and sanitation related problems in the country with a
special focus on Arsenic and Fluoride, and to provide
inputs for policy making. It will serve as a Centre of
Excellence for water and sanitation handling complex
water management issues in a holistic and integrated
manner. It will be further strengthened to play a larger
and meaningful role in the implementation of JJM.
36
al Jeevan Mission is a time-bound mission-mode
J
programme to ensure every rural household has a
Functional Household Tap Connection (FHTC) by
2024 to provide drinking water in adequate quantity
(minimum 55 lpcd) of prescribed quality (BIS:10500)
on regular basis. FHTC may be planned to be provided
in every household with three delivery points (taps),
viz. kitchen, washing & bathing area and toilet, to keep
water clean and prevent misuse. Out of the three, only
one tap per household will be funded under JJM.
In this regard, State Governments/ UT Administration
will implement the mission based on the finalized State
Action Plan (SAP) with timelines to cover all the villages
of the respective State/ UT. Each village will be
assessed on existing water supply infrastructure by
DWSM in consultation with Gram Panchayat and/ or its
sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User Group,
etc., and ISA. Based on the same, FHTCs will be
provided to every rural household by creating in-village
water supply infrastructure including source
development under any one of the following suggested
categories, viz.
i.) retrofitting of ongoing schemes taken up under
erstwhile NRDWP for the last mile connectivity;
ii.) retrofitting of completed rural water supply
schemes to make it JJM compliant;
iii.) Single Village Scheme (SVS) in villages having
adequate groundwater/ spring water/ local or
surface water source of prescribed quality;
iv.) Single Village Scheme (SVS) in villages having
adequate groundwater that needs treatment;
v.) Multi Village Scheme (MVS) with water grids/
regional water supply scheme; and
vi.) mini solar power-based piped water supply in
isolated/ tribal hamlets.
Central Ground Water Board (CGWB) has identified a
list of Q (Quantity)¹⁵& Q (Quality)¹⁶ blocks which have
groundwater in adequate quantity of prescribed
quality. In villages where groundwater/ surface water/
spring water is available both in terms of Q&Q, the
States are advised to undertake single village schemes
based on these sources. Multi Village Scheme is
suggested to be taken up in those blocks, which do not
fall under Q&Q blocks¹⁷.
Broadly, water supply infrastructure work will fall in
two categories, i.e.
i.) creation of in-village infrastructure including
s o u r c e d e v e l o p m e n t / s t r e n g t h e n i n g /
augmentation and greywater management; and
ii.) infrastructure for bulk transfer of water,
treatment and distribution systems.
Single Village Scheme (SVS) is a groundwater/ spring
based/ local surface water scheme, which is planned
and managed by Gram Panchayat and/ or its sub-
committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User Group, etc.
Multi Village Scheme (MVS) is a ground water/ surface-
water based scheme that caters to multiple villages
and is usually planned by PHED/ RWS Department/
Board/ Agency, wherein Gram Panchayat and/ or its
sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User Group,
etc. will manage, operate and maintain the in-village
water supply system.
SWSM will accord priority to retrofit existing
infrastructure, viz. completed piped water supply
schemes and ongoing piped water supply schemes that
are to be completed in the first two years. Further,
priority will also be accorded to provide FHTCs in water
quality-affected areas especially Arsenic and Fluoride,
DDP areas, DPAP areas, and SAGY villages.
In-village infrastructure development and management
will be the responsibility of Gram Panchayat and/ or its
sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User Group,
etc. supported by PHED/ RWS Department/ agency and
ISA, whereas infrastructure for bulk transfer of water
and distribution systems up to the village boundary will
be the responsibility of PHED/ RWS department/
board/ corporation, as the case may be.
The PHED/ RWS Department would play a key role and
provide hand holding support to Gram Panchayat and/
or its sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User
Group, etc. in all technical aspects. It would conduct
the test and certify the yield of the source both from
quantity and quality point of view, prepare the design
estimate and help the Gram Panchayat and/ or its sub-
committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User Group, etc.
Implementation
6
CHAPTER
¹⁵Dynamic Groundwater Resources of India, 2017 - published in 2019
¹⁶Groundwater quality in willow aquifers in India, 2018
¹⁷List of these Q&Q blocks are hosted at JJM portal
37
to identify the agency for execution, supervise the
quality of work implemented, get the work inspected
by a third party, facilitate the measurements of works
implemented and prepare the running bills for
payment, conduct the trial run and commission the
scheme. In villages where Gram Panchayat and/ or its
sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User Group,
etc. is unable to execute the work, the PHED/ RWS
Department will carry out the task after design
estimate, etc. are presented to and its Gram Sabha
approval. However, management, operation and
maintenance will be the responsibility of Gram
Panchayat and/ or its sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani
Samiti/ User Group, etc.
In case, the village is to be covered under MVS, the
PHED/ RWS Department would ensure the delivery of
water from distribution system in to the sump of the
village. The role of PHED/ RWS Department for
construction of in-village infrastructure would remain
the same for both SVS and MVS.
For implementation of in-village infrastructure, SWSM
would identify the specific number of engineering
structures (like ESRs, Sumps, cattle troughs, washing/
bathing blocks, etc.) to be taken up and approve their
type designs after its presentation in and Gram Sabha
its approval. It would finalize contracts in Engineering,
Procurement and Construction (EPC) mode and
empanel multiple agencies for execution of these
identified structures. Each empanelled agency will be
allowed to take up specific number of villages to be
covered in specified time which can be decided by the
SWSM. The tendering for empanelling and fixing cost is
to be done at State level, but orders for in-village
infrastructure development to be placed by DWSMs.
As the mission is spread over five years period, states
can also plan EPC contracts in phases, depending on
the number of villages to be covered in each phase.
Since this is a time-bound mission-mode programme,
suitable penalty clauses needs to be incorporated in
the contract documents so as to disincentivize the
agencies to avoid delay in implementation. For all
works third party inspection and certification before
payment is mandatory.
6.1 In-village water supply infrastructure
To provide FHTCs to all rural households, in-village
water supply infrastructure will be created through
Single Village Scheme (SVS)/ Multi Village Scheme
(MVS)/ solar power-based stand-alone schemes for
scattered areas. The Gram Panchayat and/ or its sub-
committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User Group, etc.
will be responsible to plan, implement, manage,
operate and maintain in-village water supply
infrastructure and water resources including greywater
management to meet drinking and domestic needs. It
will include protection of drinking water source(s) as
well as treatment and reuse of greywater.
For every Village, Village Action Plan (VAP) for providing
FHTCs to all households will include cost estimates,
implementation schedule, O&M arrangement,
contribution from each household towards partial
capital cost and O&M, type design of ESR/ sumps,
washing and bathing complex with a toilet for poor
landless families, cattle trough, greywater management,
source sustainability measures, plan to maintain all
water bodies in village, etc. The VAP will plan for piped
water supply in scattered settlements as per the
requirement. The format for preparation of VAP is at
Annex XA which can be further modified as per local
requirement. The VAP under JJM will be integrated with
Gram Panchayat Development Plan (GPDP).
The would decide the type of water supply Gram Sabha
scheme to be provided in the village based on socio-
economic analysis and at least 3 techno-economic
feasibility options provided by PHED/ RWS Department.
While deciding, the ISA and PHED/ RWS Department
would provide information about the O&M expenses
including expenses on electricity for the preferred water
supply schemes, which has implications on community
contribution for capital cost as well as O&M. While
selecting the best techno-economic options, capital as
well as O&M expenditure have to be kept to the
minimum. It will be the responsibility of DWSM/ SWSM
to ensure that no over-designing is done and public
money is optimally utilized. Technical specification for
the various components of in-village water supply
infrastructure will be made available in regional
languages so that wards/ Panchayats can also access
these. For this, PHED/ RWS Department and/ or ISA
would undertake demand assessment, introduce JJM
using various IEC tools, carry out PRA activities to enable
community to decide the type of scheme.
ISA to motivate village community to participate in
Gram Sabha Gram Sabha and the majority members of
would adopt a resolution for taking up the scheme, and
on the basis of this, the PHED/ RWS Department would
prepare the estimate for in-village infrastructure for
approval by DWSM. The Gram Panchayat and/ or its
38
sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User Group,
etc. PHED/ RWS Department would award the work to
any of the empanelled agency for execution after the
approval by DWSM.
The service level of potable drinking water supply
should be at least 55 lpcd. States may enhance the
same to higher level depending on availability of
drinking water sources for which additional financial
resources that may be required, will be met by the
State government or local community or donors. In
addition to this, cattle troughs may be constructed to
provide drinking water to livestock especially in hilly
terrain, drought prone and desert areas.
For SVS schemes, the in-village piped water supply
infrastructure will consist of development/
augmentation of drinking water source, source
sustainability measures, water treatment plant (in
case, source is quality-affected), pumping arrangement
(preferably solar powered), Over Head Tank (OHT)/
underground sump and distribution network leading to
FHTC. Water supply from each ESR to be measured
using modern sensors based IoT solutions.
For MVS schemes, the in-village piped water supply
infrastructure will consist of pumping arrangement,
OHT/ underground sump, pipeline for water supply,
distribution network leading up to FHTC and bulk
meter/ sensor based to measure the water supplied.
The energy/ power requirements to operate the water
supply system, if any at village level, also fall under in-
village infrastructure. Conjunctive use of solar power-
based pumping system will be explored to reduce the
recurring energy cost of rural water supply system.
The cost estimates for in-village water supply system
will also include:
i.) borewell recharge structure, in case of local
groundwater source;
ii.) washing and bathing complex for poor, landless,
in SC/ ST habitations (need based);
iii.) cattle troughs (purely need based);
iv.) green fenced premises housing the in-village
water supply infrastructure, viz. ESR/ sump, pump
operator room, community water treatment plant
(if any), etc. An appropriate name suiting the local
culture will be decided by SWSM. For example, it is
called 'Jal Devalayam' in Andhra Pradesh;
v.) sign board of 8 X 6 ft. to be erected at a conspicuous
location(s) giving all relevant details of the scheme,
viz. JJM logo, total cost of scheme, implementing
agency/ vendor, names & contacts of EE/ JE/ Paani
Samiti chairperson and Secretary, commencement
& completion date, etc. This is necessary to ensure
transparency and keep the whole village
community informed about the programme.
In villages where there is an existing functional piped
water supply system, it needs to be retrofitted to
provide FHTCs as follows:
i.) existing/ ongoing schemes that provide service
level of minimum 55 lpcd through public stand-
posts/ hand pumps, retrofitting will consist of
distribution network, augmentation of supply, and
other infrastructure like greywater management,
leading to FHTCs;
ii.) existing/ ongoing schemes that provide service
level of 40 lpcd through public stand-posts/ hand
pumps, retrofitting will consist of drinking water
source development/ augmentation, supply
system augmentation to increase service level to
minimum 55 lpcd and distribution network,
greywater management, leading to FHTC.
Long-term sustainable planning of drinking water
sources and schemes ensure safe drinking water
availability even during distress period. The main aim
of source sustainability is to ensure that water supply
scheme function throughout its full design period. This
is achieved through sustainability measures like rain
water harvesting, artificial recharge, etc. For
groundwater based sources, borewell recharge
structures will be part of the estimate. For surface
water based SVS, source sustainability measures like
watershed management, water conservation, etc.
must be taken up through convergence. Rain water
harvesting structures in all public institutions will also
be ensured, especially in water-stressed areas.
65-70% of the total water supply in rural areas emerges
as greywater from the households. This broad category
includes post-use water like bathing, washing dishes,
laundry, kitchen, etc. When harnessed with the right
treatment techniques, greywater becomes a useful
resource for agriculture & other non-potable uses.
Greywater management is a key component under JJM
and the collection, treatment and reuse will form part of
Village Action Plan and in-village infrastructure. The funds
Implementation
39
for this may be utilized under convergence as mentioned
in para 6.3. Fund for this component can be sourced from
Swachh Bharat Mission and contribution from donors,
CSR and MPLAD/ MLALAD to be encouraged. This will
send right message about its proper management and its
role in keeping villages clean.
In most of the villages in arid and semi-arid areas, soak
pit will be a preferable option for disposal of greywater
emerging from households. These waters can be used
for adding greenery to village ambience and to also
produce fruits for household consumption. Hence, it is
suggested to plant i.) a tree for increasing green cover
& shade; and ii.) fruit bearing tree around these
structures, subject to availability of land. ISA should
assist the VWSC and this should also be made part of
IEC activity for dissemination and practice by individual
households.
6.1.1 Scheme cycle
Ordinarily, in-village water supply infrastructure
development may take 12 to 18 months. The same can
be divided into following three phases:
i.) planning and mobilization phase;
ii.) implementation phase;
iii.) post-implementation phase.
For single village schemes, the scheme cycle can range
between 12 to 18 months from the day of G.P resolution.
Planning and Mobilization phase (3-6 months)
The planning and mobilization phase commences from
the time DWSM identifies to take up JJM in a particular
village till the estimate for implementation of in-village
infrastructure is approved by DWSM. This phase will
consist of the following identified activities:
Agency responsible
Baseline mapping of existing FHTCs
Identify villages to be taken up under JJM
Assigning of ISA, PHED/ RWS Department official to villages
Workshops for ISAs on JJM implementation
Community familiarization with the objectives of JJM through IEC
campaigns in coordination with PHED/ RWS Department
GP resolution for taking up JJM in village
Constitution of sub-committee of Gram Panchayat, i.e. VWSC/
Paani Samiti/ User Group, etc.
Undertake PRA activities
Capacity building of Gram Panchayat and/ or its sub-committee,
i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User Group, etc. functionaries
Preparation of VAP
Approval of VAP
Preparation & finalization of design and estimates and technical
approval as per existing departmental procedures
Administrative approval of estimates
Determination of community contribution and its
deposition in the bank account
Obtaining necessary statutory clearances
Award of work and issue of contract
Planning for work execution
Activities
DWSM
DWSM
DWSM
DWSM
ISA
GP/ Gram Sabha
GP/ Gram Sabha
GP & ISA
ISA
GP/ PHED/ RWS Department
Gram Sabha
PHED/ RWS Department
DWSM
GP
DWSM
PHED/ RWS Department & GP
PHED/ RWS Department & GP
Note: DWSM to prioritize villages that have successfully completed the planning and mobilization phase early.
Table 2
Agency responsible
Activities
Testing for yield and quality
Development/ augment of source
Creation of infrastructure for water supply till
FHTC including source sustainability
Entry into MB and preparation of running bills
Greywater management works (to be executed in parallel with above)
Enabling payment post third party inspection
Geo-tagging of assets
Create and maintain register for accounts
Trial runs
Installing water measurement devices, i.e. meter or
sensor and integrating the same in IMIS
Fixing & collection of O&M costs/ water tariff
Scheme commissioning
PHED/ RWS Department
GP & PHED/ RWS Department
GP & PHED/ RWS Department
PHED/ RWS Department
DWSM & GP
DWSM & GP
PHED/ RWS Department
GP & PHED/ RWS Department
GP & PHED/ RWS Department
DWSM, PHED/
RWS Department, GP
GP
GP & PHED/ RWS Department
Table 3
40
Implementation phase (6-12 months)
The implementation phase commences from award of work and start on the ground to commissioning of the
scheme.
Post implementation phase (3-4 months)
The post-implementation phase commences once the scheme is commissioned.
Wherever the agency responsible is Gram Panchayat
and/ or its sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti/
User Group, etc., ISA is by default involved.
In many villages, Gram Panchayats are very active and
its sub-committees, i.e. VWSCs/ Paani Samitis/ User
Groups, etc. have already been formed under erstwhile
programmes like sector reforms, Swajaldhara, etc. In
those villages where the sub-committees are
functional, DWSM may decide to directly go for
implementation phase and need for ISA may also be
dispensed with.
6.1.2 Community contribution
For in-village piped water supply infrastructure and
related source development to be implemented by Gram
Panchayat and/ or its sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani
Samiti/ User Group, etc., communities will contribute 5%
of the capital cost in cash and/ or kind and/ or labour in
Agency responsible
Activities
Water supply, O&M and water tariff collection
Management of greywater
Interaction with other well performing
Gram Panchayat and/ or its sub-committee
Continuous capacity building of Gram Panchayat and/
or its sub-committee
Handing over incentive fund to Gram Panchayat and/
or its sub-committee
GP
GP
DWSM/ SWSM
DWSM
DWSM
Table 4
Implementation
41
hilly and forested areas, NE and Himalayan States and
villages having more than 50% SCs and/ or STs
population; and 10% of the capital cost in other villages.
Willingness of the community and contribution as
mandated under JJM from at least 80% households of
the village is a pre-requisite for taking up water supply
scheme. Gram Panchayat and/ or its sub-committee,
i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User Group, etc. may consider
exempting individual contribution from poor, infirm,
divyangjan or widow with no source of steady income.
However, this is an exception rather than a rule.
In order to reduce the burden of community to make
upfront contribution in cash, Gram Panchayat and/ or its
sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User Group,
etc. may allow individual households to pay in
installments. Contributions from local Institutions,
philanthropists, community-based organisations to be
encouraged. However, such contribution will not be part
of the community contribution. This will be taken as
contribution towards overall cost of the scheme.
Similarly, contribution from MPLAD, etc. will be counted
as Central share, MLALAD, etc. will be counted as State
share, DMDF as State share and other donations part of
the overall cost. Contribution made by local Self Help
Group (SHG) will form part of the community
contribution. (This is further elaborated at para 7.11)
For on-going erstwhile NRDWP schemes, there will not
be any community contribution towards the capital
cost. However, while retrofitting to make them JJM
compliant, community is to contribute 5% or 10% of
the capital cost, as the case may be, in terms of cash
and/ or kind and/ or labour towards the cost of
retrofitting/ augmentation and/ or additional items
like cattle trough, bathing and washing blocks, rain
water harvesting, etc.
6.1.3 Incentive for community
The community would be rewarded/ incentivized in a
phased-manner after the commissioning of the
scheme to the tune of 10% of the capital expenditure
on their respective in-village water supply scheme. This
would serve as a 'revolving fund' to meet emergency
repair/ maintenance of the scheme, which will be
replenished by the user group/ local community.
6.1.4 Operation & Maintenance (O&M)
Operation & maintenance is important for ensuring
functionality of household tap connections. O&M
would involve recurring costs like electricity charges,
chemical costs, expenditure on preventive and
breakdown maintenance, remuneration of pump
operator, etc. The community therefore has a key role
to play in aspects such as:
i.) using the revolving fund received from
government judiciously;
ii.) funds received as part of Finance Commission
recommendation;
iii.) arranging operation of the system through a
barefoot technician;
iv.) carrying out minor repairs;
v.) chlorination;
vi.) water quality testing/ surveillance;
vii.) ensuring proper use of infrastructure, cleanliness
near sources, etc.
Gram Panchayat and/ or its sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/
Paani Samiti/ User Group, etc. will open an account to
receive funds for O&M from different sources such as
incentive fund from JJM, Finance Commission grants and
community contribution to meet the recurring charges.
Management and O&M of the water supply scheme by
the Gram Panchayat and/ or its sub-committee, i.e.
VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User Group, etc., recovery of user
charges and full O&M recovery will form the cornerstone
of the long-term sustainability of the scheme.
6.2 Regional water supply and distribution
network
In villages with water quality issues and paucity of
surface water sources, especially in drought-prone and
desert areas, to achieve water security bulk water
transfer from long distances is a reality. Further, in
drought-prone and desert areas, where it is not possible
to have water supply through conjunctive use, a similar
approach to transfer bulk water from long distance will
be adopted. In States with water-scarce/ areas lying in
rainshadow region with inadequate rainfall, it is
necessary to plan for regional water supply schemes
covering both urban and rural areas of this region by
sourcing water from a perennial surface source.
Since the water is transferred from long distance at a
very high cost, it is essential to have least loss of water
during transmission. For this purpose it is necessary to
have District Metering Area (DMA) with SCADA
systems and/ or sensor-based mechanism to reduce
non-revenue water.
42
Bulk water transfer/ multiple village schemes have
higher per capita & maintenance costs, and require
skilled human resources. Hence, the States have to
judiciously plan these works, preferably as a last
option, keeping in view the availability of resources
and future O&M expenditure.
The schemes needing transfer of water will be planned,
implemented and monitored by the PHED/ RWS
Department/ Board/ Agency as decided by the SWSM/
State Government. However, the in-village water supply
infrastructure of such schemes will be the responsibility
of the Gram Panchayat and/ or its sub-committee, i.e.
VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User Group, etc. for which PHED/
RWS Department and Implementation Support Agency
(ISA) will facilitate the same. Gram Panchayat and/ or its
sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User Group,
etc. will pay bulk water charges to the supplier of bulk
water as decided by the State Government or regulator,
as the case may be.
The components for transfer of water consists of head
work, intake work, tube well, pumping station, trunks/
mains/ lateral distribution network, treatment plants,
Elevated Storage Reservoir (ESR), sumps, bulk meters,
substations for handling bulk water supply, etc.
For Bulk water transfer/ regional water supply schemes
covering multiple villages, individual EPC contract can
be awarded in phases depending on number of such
works to be taken up under the mission.
Some of the States like Gujarat, Telangana, Karnataka,
Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra have either established
water grids/ surface water based large schemes or
planning to take up such schemes to provide drinking
water to all villages using surface water.
The States should diligently follow the CPHEEO norms
for design, operation and maintenance of such mega
schemes. The schemes should have the provision for
bulk water meter at the delivery point, i.e. sump of the
village/ habitation.
In case of MVS schemes, extent of land acquisition
required, its schedule and cost along with timelines for
various stages of acquisition needs to be given in the SAP.
For in-village water work, land is to be provided by the
Gram Panchayat. In case, such land is not available, the
State Government will provide/ arrange the land. Cost of
land will not be admissible under Central share of JJM.
6.3 Convergence
There are number of ongoing Central and State funded
schemes for water conservation, ground water recharge,
rain water harvesting and greywater management
aiming to achieve water security. Convergence of JJM
activities with such ongoing schemes will augment funds
and enhance water resources in terms of quality,
quantity and longevity. While convergence activities are
to be taken up under in-village infrastructure, special
efforts are to be made in DDP/ DPAP, forested and tribal
areas, water quality-affected and water-stressed areas,
etc. for achieving water security. In addition to water
conservation activities taken up through convergence,
the mission will also converge with other Central and
State government programmes aimed at skill
development, training, capacity building and awareness
generation among communities.
Rashtriya Krishi Vikas
Yojana (RKVY)
M/o Agriculture, Cooperation
and Farmers Welfare
Watershed related works
Implementation
Components that can be
converged
Name of the Scheme
Central/ State Government
Department
MGNREGS
Watershed Development
Component (WDC) of PMKSY
M/o Rural Development
D/o Land Resources
Repair, Renovation and
Restoration of water bodies
D/o Water Resources, River
Development & Ganga Rejuvenation
All water conservation activities
under Natural Resource
Management (NRM) component
Watershed management/ RWH/
artificial recharge, creation/
augmentation of water bodies, etc.
Restoration of larger water bodies
Swachh Bharat Mission -
Grameen (SBM-G)
Department of Drinking
Water and Sanitation, M/o Jal Shakti
Greywater management –
soak pits (individual/ community),
waste stabilization ponds, etc.
Suggested names of ongoing Central government schemes that can be converged are:
43
Components that can be
converged
Name of the Scheme
Central/ State Government
Department
want to dedicate the effort to, can be mentioned at a
prominent place at the site of water work.
Village drinking water security can be enhanced by de-
silting of tanks/ water bodies/ lakes identified under
VAP. This activity can be implemented in a cost
effective way through convergence and collaboration
with various stakeholders. The DWSM can explore CSR
funds for hiring of heavy machinery for de-silting,
funding of fuel under government programme and
encourage farmers to take away the silt for use in their
farmland/ orchards that would increase the
productivity. Similarly, 'cleaning' of village ponds to be
taken up to improve the water availability in villages.
VAP is the basis of implementation at village level and
all fund towards rural drinking water supply are to be
spent in accordance with the VAP, thus optimizing
utilzation of resources and avoiding any duplication.
JJM will converge and collaborate with multiple
stakeholders of the water sector to make water
everyone's business.
Further, the Central and State Finance Commission
grants can be used for taking up the source
sustainability and greywater management activities.
Jal Shakti Abhiyan (JSA) is a time-bound mission-mode
water conservation campaign in 256 water-stressed
districts covering 1,592 blocks of the country. The
Abhiyan converged with other water conservation
schemes of Central and State governments and carried
out activities like rain water harvesting/ recharge
structures, etc. involving communities through
intensive IEC campaigns. Under JSA, focus may be
given to achieve drinking water security especially in
these water starved districts.
Convergence can also be explored beyond Central and
State government schemes, with Trusts/ Foundations/
CSRs/ donors/ community initiatives, etc. who are
working/ willing to provide support for execution of
water conservation activities for drinking water security.
In case of donors who contribute more than 25% of in-
village infrastructure cost, their name or the name they
Pradhan Mantri Krishi
Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY)
M/o Agriculture, Cooperation and
Farmers Welfare
Compensatory Afforestation
fund Management and
Planning Authority (CAMPA)
M/o Environment, Forests and
Climate Change
Pradhan Mantri Kaushal
Vikas Kendra (PMKVK)
M/o Skill Development and
Entrepreneurship
Samagra Shiksha
M/o Human Resource Development
Aspirational districts
programme
NITI Aayog
District Mineral
Development Fund (DMDF)
State
MLALAD State
Grants under Article 275 (1)
of the Constitution/ Tribal
Sub Scheme (TSS)
Ministry of Tribal Affairs and State
National Rural Livelihoods
Mission/ State Rural
Livelihoods Mission
M/o Rural Develoment
MPLAD
Ministry of Statistics and Programme
Implementation (MoSPI)
Provision of micro-irrigation for
various water-intensive crops to
reduce drawl of water from aquifers
Afforestation, regeneration of forest
ecosystem, restoration and
strengthening of springs, watershed
development, etc.
Skill development, training, etc. for
human resources required for rural
water supply schemes
Provision of drinking water
supply in schools
Water conservation activities
taken up under discretionary funds
with District Collector
Water conservation activities
on large scale
In-village infrastructure
In-village infrastructure
In-village infrastructure
Developing women entrepreneurs
and SHG led enterprises for water
supply services
Table 5
44
al Jeevan Mission (JJM) is a time-bound mission
J
mode prog ram me a nd for its successful
implementation, robust financial planning, timely
funding, mobilization of adequate resources and
prudent utilization of funds are pre-requisites. In this
direction, the SWSM/ DWSM will prepare year-wise
financial plan by pooling all the available resources for
7.1 Costing
The fund requirement for capital expenditure for JJM
has been arrived at on the basis of balance households
to be provided with FHTCs as per 'per household cost'
for different types of schemes. On the basis of data
entered by States on IMIS, the balance households to
be provided with FHTCs were decided. Average
rural drinking water supply like the Central fund, State
fund, other programmes, MPLADS, MLALADS, DMDF,
CSR fund, donations, etc.
Central financial assistance for Jal Jeevan Mission will
have two sources namely Gross Budgetary Support
(GBS) and Extra Budgetary Resources (EBR). The fund
sharing pattern of the mission will be as under:
number of persons per household is considered as five.
This has been done purely to arrive at total outlay for
the Jal Jeevan Mission and it should not form the basis
for approval of schemes. The per household average
cost adopted to arrive at total fund requirement is
given as under:
Financial Planning and Funding
7
CHAPTER
Per household
average cost (in Rs.)
Type of scheme
Retrofitting of ongoing schemes for last mile
connectivity to provide FHTC
SVS in blocks having both adequate quantity and
good quality of groundwater
SVS based on treated groundwater/ in hard rock area
Multi Village Scheme
Mini solar based piped water supply scheme
in isolated/ tribal hamlets
7,500
15,000
25,000
47,000
7,00,000
Table 7
The estimated outlay of the mission is Rs 3.60 Lakh
Crore with Central and State share of Rs. 2.08 Lakh
Crore and Rs.1.52 Lakh Crore respectively. Accordingly,
the tentative outlay over the five years is as follows:
Central Share In %
Other States
Union Territories with Legislature
Union Territories without Legislature
State Share In %
90
50
90
100
10
50
10
-
Table 6
State/ Union Territory
Himalayan and North Eastern States
45
Year
GoI Share State Share Total
2019-20
2020-21
2021-22
2022-23
2023-24
Total
20,798
34,753
58,011
48,708
46,382
2,08,652
15,202
25,247
41,989
35,292
33,618
1,51,348
36,000
60,000
1,00,000
84,000
80,000
3,60,000
Table 8
(Amount in Rs. Crore)
A.) Annual allocation under JJM
(A) = (Gross Budgetary Support) + (Extra
budgetary Resource)
B.) Earmarking for Department/ National Mission
level activities = up to 2% of A (which includes
fund for NCDWSQ)
C.) Earmarking for JE-AES = 0.5% of A which is to be
allocated amongst JE-AES States as per the
existing criteria in this respect
D.) Earmarking for NE States = 10% of A
E.) Earmarking for EAP of RWSSP-LIS = to be allocated
among the States as per requirement to be
decided by Steering Committee
F.) Allocation for NWQSM as per requirement of
States decided by Department/ National Mission
G.) Balance amount for non NE states/ UTs = A-
(B+C+D+E+F)
Now, the amount at D.) and G.) is to be allocated
amongst NE states and non-NE states/ UTs respectively
as per the following weightage criteria:
% weight
Criteria
Table 9
30
10
30
10
20
Up to 5% and up to 2% of such allocated fund to a State/
UT will be utilized for support activities and WQM&S
activities, respectively. Balance will be utilized to
provide FHTCs to rural households. Funds for SCs and
STs will be earmarked in the State at least in proportion
to their population.
The component towards SC and ST indicated in the
sanction orders to be used by States/ UTs for execution
of rural water supply schemes to provide FHTCs to rural
villages/ habitations having majority of SC/ ST
population in the proportion prescribed.
7.2 Allocation/ earmarking of JJM fund at central level
7.3 Criteria for allocation of fund
The criteria and weightage thereof, to be followed for fund allocation under JJM both for budgetary and extra-
budgetary resources will be as under:
States under DDP, DPAP, HADP and special category
Hill States in terms of rural areas
Rural Population (as per last Census)
Rural SC and ST populaon ( )as per last Census
Weightage for balance individual household
connecons to be provided
Populaon (as per IMIS) residing in habitaons affected by
chemical contaminants including heavy metals
st
(as on 31 March of preceding financial year)
46
Several sub-components/ sub-missions that were part
of erstwhile NRDWP will also be funded along with
Functional Household Tap Connection (FHTC) as per
following details:
Centre: State funding pattern
Sub-components/ sub-missions under JJM
S. No.
1. i.) Coverage i.e., infrastructure for Har Ghar Jal
(in terms of FHTCs provided to rural households)
ii.) Support Activities
iii.) WQM&S
Ÿ 100:0 for UTs without legislature
Ÿ 90:10 for NE & Himalayan States & UTs with
legislature
Ÿ 50:50 for other States
Ÿ 100:0 for UTs without legislature
Ÿ 90:10 for NE & Himalayan States & UTs with
legislature
Ÿ 60:40 for other States
2. World Bank Assisted Rural Water Supply and
Sanitation Project – Low Income States (RWSSP-
LIS) in four States namely Assam, Bihar,
Jharkhand and Uttar Pradesh
Ÿ 50% external assistance routed through JJM
Ÿ 33% from coverage component released
under JJM (erstwhile NRDWP share)
Ÿ 16%* State contribution
Ÿ 1% community contribution
*16% averaged out figure considering all four States.
4. NWQSM in Arsenic and Fluoride affected
habitations
Ÿ 90:10 for NE & Himalayan States
Ÿ 50:50 for other States
Table 10
Up to 2% of Annual Allocation will be set aside for the
following activities at the Department/ National
Mission level:
i.) administrative and capital expenditure related to
NCDWSQ; and
ii.) for Department/ National Mission activities like
PMU, professional services, third party
functionality assessment, IEC & capacity building,
M&E, R&D, action research, HRD, computerizing
& MIS, centre of excellence, workshops,
seminars, conferences, exhibitions, etc.
7.5 Financial planning
Every State has to prepare a five year State Action Plan
wherein annual target of FHTCs and corresponding
financial requirements will be projected. All Schemes
sanctioned under JJM shall be implemented without
cost and time overrun. In case of any cost escalation
beyond the approved cost, it will have to be borne by
the concerned State and UTs with legislature and no
additional expenditure out of Central share will be
permitted.
7.5.1 For on-going NRDWP schemes
i.) All schemes under erstwhile NRDWP which were
scheduled to be completed on or before 31
March, 2019 and/ or during the year 2019-20 as
per original approval, should be completed and
the targeted FHTC to every rural household be
provided by 31 March, 2020. No extension of
time or cost escalation will be allowed for these
schemes. However, for retrofitting, to provide
FHTCs, additional fund from JJM can be utilized.
Expenditure towards any such scheme that could
not be completed within the given time frame will
be borne out of State fund and no additional
expenditure beyond Central Share is permitted;
ii.) All schemes sanctioned under erstwhile NRDWP
where the stipulated completion date is after 31
7.4 Fund sharing pattern for components of erstwhile NRDWP subsumed under JJM
3. JE-AES affected high priority districts (60
districts)
Ÿ 90:10 for Assam
Ÿ 50:50 for other States
Financial Planning and Funding
47
March, 2020, are to be completed within the
originally approved time schedule and as per
approved cost by providing FHTC to every rural
household. No extension of time or cost
escalation will be allowed. However, for
retrofitting to provide FHTCs, additional fund
from JJM can be utilized. Expenditure towards
completion of any such scheme that could not be
completed in the approved time frame will be
borne out of State fund and no additional
expenditure beyond Central share is permitted to
be incurred after the approved time limit.
7.5.2 For new Schemes under JJM
While planning new schemes under JJM, following
timeline for completion of schemes may be adopted:
i.) maximum time allowed for completion of SVS
and MVS is 18 and 36 months, respectively;
ii.) for schemes requiring up to 3 years to complete,
contract must be awarded for implementation
before March, 2021. No contract for such a
scheme will be awarded after March, 2021. In a
very special case, where such scheme is
necessary, matter will be referred with detailed
just i f i c ation to D D WS / M i s sion fo r it s
consideration/ approval;
iii.) for schemes requiring up to 2 years to complete,
contract must be awarded for implementation
before March, 2022. No contract for such a
scheme will be awarded after March, 2022 In any
special case, matter will be referred to DDWS/
Mission with justification;
iv.) no new scheme is allowed to substitute failure of
an existing scheme, i.e. scheme that has stopped
functioning before reaching its full design period.
As an exception, if a State submits a proposal for
replacement with justified reasons for discarding
existing scheme, the same will be referred to
DDWS / Mission.
7.5.3 Annual Action Plan (AAP)
Every year, States/ UTs will prepare an Annual Action
Plan (AAP) in the month of February, in consonance
with State Action Plan (SAP) and submit the same
online in the formats developed by the Department/
National Mission. It will be firmed up based on
consultation between the Department/ National
Mission and State. AAP will inter alia, include
i.) number of FHTCs to be provided quarter-wise
during the next financial year;
ii.) prioritizing number of FHTCs to be provided
through retrofitting for last-mile connectivity, WQ
affected areas, desert and drought-prone areas,
JE-AES districts and SAGY villages;
iii.) annual fund requirement;
iv.) month-wise expenditure plan and FHTCs to be
provided to achieve annual target;
v.) sources of fund apart from Central share;
vi.) support activities plan;
vii.) WQM&S plan.
After consultations with the States in the month of
March/ April, the release of fund to States shall begin
from month of April as per the details mentioned at
para 7.8 of the guidelines. In addition to the new
schemes under JJM, the States may also include
ongoing/ completed erstwhile NRDWP schemes,
completed State schemes for which work order has
been issued after 1 April, 2019 by retrofitting to make
them JJM compliant and thereby ensure a holistic AAP.
In case of ongoing schemes taken up under State
sector/ non-NRDWP scheme or some other source,
FHTC is also to be covered from the same programme.
Supplementation is to be avoided in such schemes
from JJM fund.
7.6 Rewarding performance
JJM being time-bound country-wide programme,
additional fund will be made available to better
performing States/ UTs to incentivize their good
performance out of the fund unclaimed by other
States/ UTs at the fag end of the financial year, in
proportion to their annual allocation. The deciding
parameters for assessing performance of States/ UTs
will be issued by Department/ National Mission.
For availing this fund, it is important that States/ UTs
plan to complete the programme by providing extra
fund for the mission from its own budgetary resources/
State Extra Budgetary Resources/ external assistance,
etc. so that additional fund provided by the Central
Government is utilized in the same financial year. The
additional fund will be distributed out of GBS or EBR or
both as the case may be, among performing States/
UTs, based on the criteria of allocation as per para 7.3,
which is to be used only to meet coverage of FHTCs.
48
7.7 Extra Budgetary Resources (EBR)
While approving the Jal Jeevan Mission, the
Government also approved accessing extra budgetary
resources. Every year, on the basis of fund
requirement, Ministry of Finance would enable
Department/ National Mission to access extra
budgetary resources. These additional resources
would also be allocated to the States/ UTs along with
the regular budget in the beginning of every financial
year as per the allocation criteria as mentioned in para
7.2. Department/ National Mission will review
utilization of fund under GBS and assess the
requirement of EBR periodically. Accordingly, demand
will be raised for EBR as and when required.
7.8 Procedure for allocation and release of
fund
With the approval of Union Minister, Jal Shakti, State/
UT wise allocation of fund both GBS and EBR will be
made as per approved criteria at the beginning of every
financial year. Annual allocation will be released in two
equal installments and each installment to be released
in two tranches. Concurrence of Integrated Finance
Division of DDWS will be obtained for release of
installments as a whole for all eligible States/ UTs and
thereafter Department will release the fund in
tranches after assessing the utilization of fund by the
States/ UTs. Thus, releases are planned in consonance
with 'Just In Time' principle of Ministry of Finance so as
to avoid any undue parking of fund.
7.8.1 Release of funds by Department/ National
Mission to the States
The installments will be released to the States/ UTs
based on the utilization of fund as reflected in PFMS
platform/ IMIS. The funds will be available for following
sub-components/ sub-missions under JJM:
a.) Coverage
b.) JE-AES
c.) RWSSP-LIS
d.) NWQSM
For RWSSP-LIS, JE-AES and NWQSM sub-components,
allocation and release procedure stipulated in the
respective existing guidelines will be followed. The
detail of procedure for release of fund of these
components is at Annex-XIII. For coverage sub-
component, the following release procedure will be
applicable for release of 1 and 2ⁿ installment:
st
7.8.1.1 Release of 1 installment
I.) To States/ UTs that have drawn the 2ⁿ installment
during the previous financial year
st
The amount towards the 1 installment will be 50% of
the total allocation admissible to a State in the financial
st
year and the fund release towards 1 installment will be
the balance amount after subsuming excess OB beyond
10% of the previous year, at the time of release. The
st
release of 1 installment will be phased and made in
two tranches. The releases will be made automatically
based on its utilization as shown in PFMS portal/ IMIS.
Approval of competent authority and concurrence of
st
IFD for release of entire 1 installment will be obtained.
st st
1 tranche will be equal to 50% of the 1 installment
after subsuming excess OB and it will be released in the
nd st
month of April. The release of 2 tranche of the 1
installment will depend on its utilization as shown in
PFMS portal/ IMIS. As soon as the progress of utilization
st
of available fund, i.e. opening balance of the FY and 1
st
tranche of the 1 installment released, crosses 80%, the
second tranche of first installment will be released
automatically by the Department/ National Mission
(i.e. release without any proposal and reference to IFD).
st
However, balance of 1 installment, i.e. fund subsumed
st st
while releasing part of 1 tranche of 1 installment on
account of excess OB, will be released as and when States
furnish the UC showing expenditure of at least 60% of
available fund of central and state share. The release of
nd st
2 tranche of 1 installment will be made automatically
based on 80% utilization of available fund (OB + fund
st st
release under complete 1 tranche of 1 installment).
The UC furnished by States/ UTs at any point of time
should be countersigned by Principal Secretary or
Secretary or equivalent officer of the States/ UTs.
ii.) To States/ UTs that have NOT drawn the 2ⁿ
installment during the previous financial year
Fund will be released only after getting the formal proposal
from the State/ UTs along with requisite documents
including UC, ASA, etc. (check list at Annex-II & Annex-III.)
While releasing this part of the fund, the excess
amount over and above the prescribed limit of OB (10%
of the previous year release) will be subsumed.
st
However, balance of 1 installment i.e. fund subsumed
while releasing part of first installment on account of
excess OB, will be released as and when States furnish
the UC showing expenditure of at least 60% of available
fund of Central and State share.
Financial Planning and Funding
49
st
The release of 1 installment will be phased and made
in two tranches. The releases will be made based on its
utilization as shown in PFMS portal/ IMIS.
st st
1 tranche will be equal to 50% of the 1 installment
after subsuming excess OB. It will be released as and
when the complete formal proposal seeking release of
st
1 installment will be submitted by the State. As soon as
the progress of utilization of available fund i.e., opening
st
balance of the FY and the fund released in 1 tranche of
st
the 1 installment, crosses 80%, the second tranche of
first installment will be released automatically by the
Department/ National Mission (i.e. release without any
proposal and reference to IFD).
nd
7.8.1.2 Release of 2 Installment
The amount towards the 2nd installment will be 50% of
the total allocation admissible to a State in the financial
year and the release of fund towards 2nd installment
will also be phased in two tranches in line with the
procedure followed for the 1st installment.
nd
For the release of 2 installment, the financial progress
shall be assessed based on the following documents to
be submitted by the State:
i.) provisional UC for the current year for the
amount equivalent to 60% of available balance
(Central fund) and State matching share;
ii.) report of the AG for the year preceding the
previous year/ ASA from CAG empanelled CA of
previous year and
iii.) final Central and State UC for the previous year.
st nd
1 Tranche will be equal to 50% of the 2 installment
and it will be released as and when the State/ UT
submits aforementioned documents related to
financial progress. As soon as the progress of utilization
of available fund (Central and State share) crosses 80%,
nd nd
the 2 tranche of the 2 installment will be released
automatically by the Department/ National Mission
(i.e. release without any proposal and reference to IFD).
The last date for receiving any release proposal
nd
including that of 2 installment by the States/ UTs
which is complete in all respects as per the checklist at
Annex-II and Annex-III is 15 February of every financial
year. Opening balance in the next financial year will be
allowed to the extent of 10% of the total amount
released. The amount for which sanction order issued
in the month of March will not be taken into
consideration while subsuming in the excess OB.
7.8.1.3 Release of Additional fund to the
performing States/ UTs
i.) the availability of additional fund will be firmed up
at the fag end of every financial year;
ii.) the eligibility of States will be decided by
Department/ National Mission;
iii.) the additional fund will be released as reward for
performing States/ UTs as per allocation criteria;
iv.) the additional fund will be brought into two sets
of common pool, i.e. one for NE States and other
for non-NE States/ UTs and will be released to the
performing States/ UTs of respective sets of NE/
non- NE States in proportion to their annual
allocation.
7.9 Fund flow
SWSM will open a single nodal account in any
scheduled commercial bank. SWSM will obtain details
from these banks operational in State headquarters on
services like PFMS compliance necessary for JJM
implementation. The releases by the Government of
India to the State Government will be made to their
State treasuries from where States will be transferring
the fund to the single nodal account of SWSM within 15
days along with the corresponding matching State
share. The SWSM can use the existing single nodal
account of erstwhile NRDWP or may open a new
account in any scheduled commercial bank at the State
Headquarters for maintaining the nodal account under
JJM, in case there is no single nodal account.
Any change in the nodal account will be allowed only
with the concurrence of Department/ National Mission.
A written undertaking from the Bank needs to be made
available to the effect that the bank will follow the
Guidelines of Government of India for making payments
from Department/ National Mission Fund. The SWSM
will communicate the details of the Bank branch, IFSC
code and the account number to Department/ National
Mission. Bank will allow transaction in nodal account
only when the request for making the transaction is
received through PFMS mode and if done through
treasury, same will be captured/ reflected in PFMS
system by making suitable interface between concerned
State treasury and PFMS systems and then only
transaction be allowed. Bank will agree to abide by the
instructions issued from time to time by Department/
Mission regarding operation of the Account.
The Integrated Management Information System (IMIS)
software would support Accounting System and would
50
be enabled to allow rural water supply department/
SWSM and Bank branch concerned to make data entry
online for the transactions to be made by them.
Money accruing as interest will be credited to the same
account and reflected in the Utilization Certificate (UC)
of the relevant year. The expenditure out of the
interest amount will be made on items of work as
permitted in the guidelines. Any deviation of
expenditure will be guided by the instructions/
guidelines to be issued by Department/ National
Mission from time to time. The Bank will intimate to
the SWSM the interest amount credited by it to the
account on quarterly basis.
The State Government/ SWSM will decide about the
matching fund as per the prescribed funding pattern.
On receipt of the Central and State share of JJM by the
SWSM in the single nodal account, its allocation among
the Districts, based on the annual district action plans
(DAP) finalized by the respective SWSM shall be made
within two weeks. Based on the allocation, a drawl
limit will be set for every district by the SWSM and it
will authorize districts to raise payment advice and
payment will be made from Single Nodal Account.
DWSM will get the work implemented as per the DAP
and fund available at the district level, through Gram
Panchayat and/ or its sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani
Samiti/ User Group or PHED/ RWS Department as the
case may be.
After execution of the work, PHED/ RWS Department
will raise the bill to DWSM/ SWSM as the case may be,
who in turn will get the work inspected by an
empanelled third-party agency. Thereafter, subject to
due satisfaction of quality and quantity of work
performed, the DWSM/ SWSM, as the case may be, will
arrange to make the payments to the agency. The
payments advice in PFMS mode will be raised by the
DWSM/ SWSM to make payment to the agency for the
executed works subject to fund allocation/ drawl limit
set for the district by SWSM for that particular year.
Payment advice generated through treasury mode will
only be allowed only if the same is captured in PFMS
system, by making suitable interface between
concerned State treasury and PFMS. The payment
advice will be sent by DWSM/ SWSM in PFMS mode to
make the payments from Single nodal account to the
account of concerned agency as authorized. No
advance to any other account be made except to that
of executing agency towards mobilization advance as
per contract.
7.10 Inadmissible expenses
State Government/ SWSM will decide about the
expenses which are not eligible to be funded under the
Central share of JJM, such as cost escalation, tender
premium and other programme expenses which are
inadmissible under central share. Further, no centage
will be charged from grant-in-aid to be provided by the
Government of India. In case, such necessity arises, the
same will be the responsibility of the State Government/
UT Administration. From Support activities, no 'salary' to
regular employees will be paid and only remuneration/
honorarium to personnel/ professional/ consultant
hired on contract can be paid. From Government of
India fund provided under JJM, no expenditure on O&M,
viz. payment of electricity bills related to water works,
etc. will be made. Suggestive list of inadmissible
expenses is at Annex-IV.
7.11 Community contribution
As mentioned in para 6.1.2, community contribution
can be in the form of cash and/ or kind and/ or labour.
The contribution made in the form of kind and/ or
labour will be computed and the cash equivalent of the
same along with the cash contribution will be entered
and maintained in a separate register by GP and/ or its
sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User Group,
etc. The same may be audited and made available as
and when required by the concerned authorities as per
para 7.16 of the guidelines.
The community contribution made in cash towards in-
village infrastructure creation will be deposited in the
respective Bank account of Gram Panchayat and/ or its
sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User Group,
etc. that may be opened with any scheduled
commercial bank. This account will be operated jointly
by chairperson of Gram Panchayat and/ or its sub-
committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User Group, etc.
and respective Panchayat Secretary. Separate ledgers
have to be maintained for receiving community
contribution (towards in-village infrastructure creation),
incentive received and also for user fee provided by
households towards meeting O&M requirements. The
community contribution will be paid to Agency/ vendor
as decided by DWSM.
7.12 Funds from other sources towards in-
village infrastructure creation
Elected representatives (Members of Parliament,
Members of Legislative Assembly, etc.), various
Financial Planning and Funding
51
organ i zati o ns, i n st ituti o ns under CSR a rm,
philanthropists may also contribute towards setting up a
rural water supply system under JJM. The contribution
made by the MP towards setting up of rural water
supply system are to be treated as central share towards
capital cost of scheme and accordingly, Central share of
the scheme may be revised by deducting the
contribution. Likewise, the contribution made by MLA
or any elected representative of the State will be treated
as State share and accordingly, State share of the
scheme may be revised by deducting the contribution.
Fund received for drinking water supply schemes from
other Ministries/ Departments of Government of India
would invariably have FHTCs as its goal. Government of
India's share of these schemes, if they are partly
funded under JJM, would be treated as Central share
towards capital cost. Any new externally aided project
proposed by the State having rural water supply
provision would be supported only if it has provision of
or leading to FHTCs. In both cases, they would be
included as part of the Department's IMIS for counting
the number of FHTCs provided.
The contribution of other organizations, institutions
under Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR),
philanthropists, etc. towards the cost of in-village
infrastructure will be deducted against the total cost of
in-village infrastructure of the scheme and mandatory
community contribution may be revised as a
proportion of the remaining amount. All such
contribution will be considered as part of capital
expenditure of the scheme. The calculation of Centre
share, State share and community contribution will be
done after the deduction. Community contribution will
still be mandatory on the remaining cost of the in-
village component of the scheme. All the contributions
made will be captured in the IMIS.
DWSM/ SWSM may coordinate, converge and collate all
such efforts of different agencies towards activities
envisaged under VAP prepared for water supply. There
will be no parallel works outside the approved VAP, thus
optimizing utilization of resources & avoiding duplication.
7.13 Incentive fund
The Gram Panchayat and/ or its sub-committee, i.e.
VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User Group, etc. are eligible to
receive the incentive when the scheme has been
successfully managed for a year ensuring that every
rural household covered under the scheme receives
water in adequate quantity of prescribed quality on
regular basis and water tariff for O&M has been
regularly collected. SWSM may develop tangible and
transparent criteria for providing this fund which is
meant to encourage sustainability of water supply
system and O&M by Gram Panchayat and/ or its sub-
committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User Group, etc.
The incentive will be 10% of the in-village
infrastructure cost distributed in a phased manner
over a period of five years. The incentive fund will serve
as a revolving fund for meeting any urgent repair costs
of in-village infrastructure which might disrupt water
supply and the same will be replenished by
community. The incentive fund will be provided out of
the fund available with the State under JJM (Centre and
State matching share) in the prevailing funding pattern.
7.14 Flexi fund available under JJM
As per Office Memorandum 55(5)/PF-II/2011 dated
6.9.2016, placed at Annex-VII, and subsequent
modifications issued by Ministry of Finance,
Department of Expenditure, flexi fund under JJM can
be used to achieve the following objectives:
i.) to undertake mitigation/ restoration activities in
case of natural calamities, or to satisfy local
requirements in areas affected by internal
security disturbances ;
ii.) to pilot innovation to improve efficiency;
States/ UTs are advised to set aside 5% of the annual
allocation under JJM to take care of unforeseen
challenges/ issues arising out of natural calamities and
internal disturbances, which may be used by the State
at the fag end of the financial year, if remain unutilized.
Further, States/ UTs may also plan innovation under
JJM as part of AAP. Refer chapter 8 for further details on
technological interventions.
7.15 PFMS
All transactions under JJM are to be made mandatorily
through PFMS and instructions issued from
Government of India on PFMS from time-to-time need
to be followed. Fund utilization by States/ UTs under
JJM will be monitored through PFMS. Release of funds
in future will be linked to the fund availability and
utilization in PFMS and physical and financial progress
monitored through IMIS.
7.16 Audit
i.) In case of a society, the SWSM will ensure that the
accounts are audited by a Chartered Accountant
52
empanelled by the Comptroller and Auditor
General within six months of the close of the
financial year. The audit will be supported by a
statement of reconciliation with the accounts of
implementing agency and a certificate of the
Chartered Accountant on its accuracy;
ii.) DWSM to ensure that every account/ ledger being
maintained by Gram Panchayat and/ or its sub-
committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User Group,
etc. for receiving community contribution,
incentive money etc. is audited every financial year;
iii.) Concurrent auditing of GPs or it's sub-committee's
accounts be done regularly with the help of retired
local audit officials;
iv.) A format for the Audit Report from States with
respect to the JJM is at Annex-III. In addition to
the Audit by the Chartered Accountant, the works
under this mission would be subject to audit by
the Comptroller and Auditor-General of India
(C&AG). The Audit by the C&AG may cover
aspects of quality of the work done, in addition to
financial audit;
v.) In case the report from Accountant General/ CA is
not received because of any unforeseen reason,
the release will not be withheld, if State
Government/ UT Administration is able to provide
specific reasons for delay and gives undertaking
for furnishing the same after the receipt of the
same from the office of the Accountant General/
CA. In case, in the report of AG/ CA, some
discrepancies/ deficiencies are reported, the same
will be adjusted in subsequent releases/ follow up
action taken by State;
vi.) Statement from the Bank Authority is required to
be submitted along with Audit report in respect of
available balance along with interest accrued with
the SWSM as on 31 March of the financial year.
7.17 Alternative financing options/ models
States may meet additional fund requirement through
innovative financing mechanisms like Public Private
Partnership (PPP), Hybrid Annuity Model (HAM),
Viability Gap Funding (VGF), etc. Further, Government of
India will facilitate in accessing fund through multilateral
agencies like World Bank, Asian Development Bank, etc.
who are willing to support projects in rural water supply.
Project proposals that may be submitted for external
funding will need to adhere to the JJM objectives.
7.18 Rashtriya Jal Jeevan Kosh (RJJK)
As part of Indian ethos to help in providing drinking
water; various individuals, corporate/ industrial
houses, charitable institutions, etc. contribute/ donate
regularly. Further, as per Companies Act, 2013, every
company having net worth beyond the prescribed
thresholds during any financial year shall spend at least
2% of its average net profits towards Corporate Social
Responsibility (CSR) activities. In order to facilitate all
such donations/ contributions, Rashtriya Jal Jeevan
Kosh is being set up under NJJM which will serve as a
receptacle for charitable contributions/ donations and
CSR fund to achieve goals of JJM.
The following activities will be financed from the Kosh:
i.) development of drinking water sources (both
surface and groundwater) & infrastructure for
providing safe drinking water to rural households
under JJM;
ii.) R&D and innovative projects to provide rural
drinking water supply especially water quality-
affected areas;
iii.) greywater management in the village;
iv.) innovative proposals for demonstration purpose;
v.) capacity building of the communities;
vi.) skill development of identified personnel
involved in the implementation of JJM at various
levels; and
vii.) providing/ funding human resources at State
and/ or District level in consonance with JJM
implementation requirements;
viii.) any specific activity requested by the donor
which is in consonance with the goal of JJM.
Financial Planning and Funding
53
8
CHAPTER
Technological Interventions
and Innovations
ural Water Supply sector faces a number of
R
challenges in terms of terrain, availability of
quantity and quality water (both ground and
surface) due to natural and other causes (pollution),
bringing water from long distance, meeting power
requirement for pumping, sustenance of technological
interventions already made (their regular maintenance
and proper disposal of sludge/ waste generated, etc.),
difficulty in day-to-day monitoring/ management due
to systems spread far and wide, leaking distribution
systems, misuse/ overuse of water, etc. Technology
offers solutions to address most of the challenges.
However, in some cases, due to complex nature of
challenges, the available technology is unable to
provide a comprehensive solution and hence
innovative solutions are required.
In areas having harsh climatic conditions as in high
altitude cold deserts and in areas facing extreme
terrain challenges or sparsely populated hot deserts, it
might not be feasible to provide household tap
connection to every household. In such areas, local
innovations/ technological solutions will be explored.
Innovations in drinking water sector will enable
communities to optimize the existing infrastructure,
capital investments, operating costs, and thereby
provide safe drinking water at an affordable cost.
Emerging technologies like Artificial Intelligence¹⁸ (AI),
Data Analytics, block-chain technology, machine
learning, nano-technology, etc. can ensure safe water
availability and functionality of water supply system
and tap connections. Suggestive technological
solutions to address challenges in the supply of
drinking water are as under:
8.1 Solar Energy based stand-alone water
supply systems for scattered/ isolated/
tribal/ hilly villages
A standalone water supply system powered by solar
energy with minimal O&M costs is to be explored in
scattered/ isolated/ tribal/ hilly villages. A dedicated
mini water supply system with solar panels and battery
back-up, storage tanks of adequate capacity with
sensors like motor on-off sensors, dry-run sensor and
water level sensor, steel stages can be set up. Such
systems are reported to be operational in parts of
Maharashtra, Odisha, Chhattisgarh and Jharkhand.
8.2 Community Water Purification Plant
(CWPP) in Groundwater Contaminated Areas
The CGWB report¹⁹ details about the prevalence of six
parameters in groundwater namely Arsenic, Chloride,
Fluoride, Iron, Nitrate and Salinity. Out of 6,834 blocks/
firkas/ mandals/ taluks in the country, there are 3,559
affected ones with any of the six parameters. In order
to provide immediate relief in Arsenic, Fluoride, Iron
and other heavy metal affected habitations, CWPP can
be installed to provide 8-10 lpcd as short term measure
for drinking & cooking purpose. However, as a
permanent measure, safe groundwater (from nearby
village) or surface water supply based systems will have
to be installed to provide FHTC with service level of 55
lpcd. This is to be accorded priority and all out efforts to
be made to provide potable water in these quality-
affected habitations, especially with contaminants like
Arsenic, Fluoride, Uranium, etc.
The choice of technology is left to States to ensure that
such CWPP systems have robust post installation O&M
systems and safe disposal of residue so that they
continue to function as per prescribed standards.
While there are a number of water treatment solutions
available for different contaminants such as Nano
technology based, Reverse Osmosis²⁰, Capacitive De-
ionization, Adsorption, Electrolytic De-fluoridation,
etc., the major considerations while selecting a
particular technology are i.) availability of filter media,
ii.) reject management, and iii.) cost effectiveness of
the solution, etc.
8.2.1 Reject management
A RO based treatment plant installed in a village
produces reject water that is currently disposed off
either in open drains or discarded nearby creating a
pool. The quantum of water rejected is usually in large
quantity based on the recovery ratio of the plant and is
estimated to be around 60% of the feed water. In order
to properly manage the reject water, it is suggested to
store it separately in structures specifically constructed
for this purpose and use it for non-potable non-
agricultural uses, i.e. washing of vehicles, agricultural
equipments, house-washing, vessels, flushing/
cleaning of nearby community toilets, etc. Signage/
warning against the use of the reject water for potable
¹⁸Arficial intelligence can be used for ascertaining the data uploading, detecng mechanical failures, opmizing water usage, etc.
¹⁹Groundwater quality in shallow aquifers in India 2018
²⁰RO technology should be adopted only aer due diligence regarding recovery rao, reject water management and NGT's order in this regard
54
and agricultural uses should be painted/ put up on and
around the stored RO reject water structures.
8.3 Cold deserts/ hard rock/ hilly/ coastal
areas
8.3.1 Cold deserts
Cold deserts are primarily located in high altitudes in
Himalayan region of Arunachal Pradesh, Ladakh,
Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, etc. The primary
source of water in these areas is Glacial melt, which is
being impacted because of climate change. Further,
the water gets frozen in the pipelines during winters
disrupting the water supply. Solutions may be explored
to enhance and store run-off water in small tanks -
traditional water harvesting structure, i.e. zing.
Further, artificial glacial reservoirs may be created by
diverting the run-off to freeze & store as glacier. During
early spring, it will serve as both drinking water and
irrigation source. Promoting use of micro-irrigation can
reduce the irrigation requirement and increase the
drinking water security.
8.3.2 Hard rock areas
In hard rock areas, Bore-blast technique, fracture seal
cementation, stream blasting, etc. may be explored
under skilled supervision for accessing groundwater.
8.3.3 Hilly areas
In hilly areas, especially at higher altitudes, it is
uneconomical to pump water from the valley for a very
small number of houses. In these places, adopting
spring-based sources, rain water harvesting and stand-
alone bore-well systems (if feasible) will be
economical. Spring based systems would require
careful identification and delineation of spring-sheds,
locating the aquifers contributing water to springs and
injection recharging them for sustaining them.
Communities may be encouraged to adopt the
traditional wisdom of rain water harvesting (like
bamboo based ones in NE States) for water security. In
such areas, there is a need to focus on WQM&S.
8.3.4 Coastal areas
In coastal areas, augmentation of services can be done
with energy efficient small desalination plants with
high recovery ratio. Further, in order to avoid the
ingress of sea water, sub-surface dykes can be
constructed in rivers that can also improve the
groundwater based drinking water sources in the
adjoining areas. Funds under MGNREGS, State
schemes can be utilized for this purpose.
8.4 Use of technology in planning and
monitoring
With advent of smart technologies, it is possible to have
centralized and continuous monitoring in real-time.
Use of Internet of Things (IoT)²¹, Geographic
Information System (GIS) software, etc. will be required
to achieve this. Use of data analytics will enable
analyzing data collected from rural areas to be used for
various purposes by the utilities for smart management
and better services. It could be helpful for policy level
interventions required for welfare measures.
The following uses are to be employed:
Planning
i.) use of HGM Maps for location of groundwater
sources. GIS technology will help in finding the
locations of existing water source;
ii.) use of available village digital 3D contour maps
prepared by MeITY for location of drinking water
infrastructure and identifying gaps in the in-
village water supply infrastructure;
iii.) digital inventory of existing assets and overlaying
them on GIS map (hand pumps, infrastructure,
etc.) for planning of additional infrastructure
required.;
iv.) use of project management software for
monitoring of implementation;
v.) prioritization of village for taking up schemes;
vi.) D e c i s i o n s u p p o r t sy s t e m s t o s u p p o r t
implementation across asset types.
Monitoring
i.) use of sensors for monitoring water level,
discharge, water quality, automatic motor
operation, data logger for capturing the data, etc.;
ii.) use of Supervisory Control and Data Access
(SCADA) system in MVS for monitoring treatment
plants (parameters like pressure, water quality,
flow rate, etc.) and distribution system;
iii.) use of IoT for capturing and transmitting the
above data using mobile networks for analysis
and use as decision tools;
²¹Sensor based monitoring system will ascertain the supply of water in villages/ habitaons with respect to periodicity, quanty and quality.
Technological Interventions and Innovations
55
iv.) Department/ National Mission will maintain IMIS
of JJM to capture real-time physical and financial
progress. This would be available in public
domain for social monitoring;
v.) real time dashboard to constantly monitor the
functionality of household tap connections;
vi.) use of GIS technology and IoT based sensors to
monitor the status of functionality of assets
created under JJM;
vii.) use of AI technologies/ machine learning to
assess water supply infrastructure in all types of
schemes (pipes, valves, pumps, motors, etc.) to
plan and carry out preventive O&M;
viii.) use of suitable block chain technology for
credible physical and financial data;
ix.) monitoring tools to be used by PHED/ RWS
Department, etc.
States have to plan use of technology/ innovation and
integrate it with preparation of DPR.
8.4.1 Use of HGM maps
With the support from DDWS, National Remote
Sensing Centre (NRSC), Hyderabad, has prepared
Hydro-Geo-Morphological (HGM) Maps (4,898 Nos) in
1:50,000 scale for the country which can be used to
determine the probable location of ground water
availability and also the locations for recharge of the
aquifers. The HGM maps are based on the Survey of
India topo-sheets in which the local features are also
available and some States have successfully taken up
them to determine the location of borewells. Since the
States have expressed the need to have maps on
1:10,000 scale, they must prioritize to get such maps of
villages/ habitations prepared based on demand and
actual needs.
Ground Water prospect maps have been handed over
to States and are available in the website of
Department/ National Mission in PDF format. HGM
maps help in identifying correct sites for production
wells and sustainability structures for artificial
groundwater recharge. Use of these maps along with
geo-physical studies help to cut down the failure of
bore wells/ tube wells and also help in in-situ dilution
of certain chemical contaminants.
8.4.2 Use of space technology
Space technology provides real time spatial and
temporal data. Space based images provide
information on water resources availability and quality
using direct and indirect approaches respectively.
Using remote sensing satellites, it is possible to have
forecast on water availability, predict the water quality
of surface waters serving as drinking water sources,
narrow down the potential areas for groundwater
availability for field investigations and help to identify
alternate water sources in cases of drought. The
Mission is to assist States/ UTs in using space
technology to achieve drinking water security.
8.5 Technical Committee
In 2014, the then Ministry of Drinking Water and
Sanitation constituted a Standing Committee for
Examination of best Technologies concerning Water
and Sanitation. The committee was chaired by Dr.
Mashelkar, former Director General, Council for
Scientific and Industrial Research. Many technologies
on water and sanitation were considered by the
Committee and approved for use in the sectors.
To achieve the goal of universal coverage by FHTC to
every rural household by 2024, on this scale and with
speed, there are huge challenges for which innovative
solutions with the use of new technologies would be
required. Keeping this in view, a Technical Committee
under the chairmanship of Principal Scientific Advisor to
Government of India has been constituted. The Terms
of Reference (ToR) of the new Committee are as follows:
i.) invite innovative technologies in drinking water,
sanitation, greywater management and solid
waste management sectors through Department/
National Mission portal;
ii.) shortlist technologies for techno-economic
appraisal;
iii.) facilitate techno-economic appraisal of
technologies as per the ASSURED matrix
framework;
iv.) consider appraised technologies for acceptance;
v.) recommend any non-technological interventions
needed to achieve scaling up the use of such
technologies;
vi.) any other aspect/ activities required to be
undertaken in respect of appraisal of the
technologies.
The Committee would identify specific challenges
faced in the provision of water supply with assistance
56
of States, invite online proposals for solving them,
decide and recommend further action including
demonstration projects to address the challenges and
develop performance and technology standards.
8.6 Innovation and R&D
Based on the data available with Department/ National
Mission NIC, ISRO and States, a digital data platform
would be created for planning, implementation and
monitoring of Jal Jeevan Mission in States/ UTs. The
platform will have multiple GIS and remote sensing
based layers detailing the drainages, watershed,
existing pipeline network, geo-genic contaminants etc.
This would help States to prioritize the areas as well as
to identify the type of intervention to be adopted in
different areas within the State.
Further, high-end proposals related to water and
sanitation received from R&D institutions and
innovators will be taken up for demonstration purpose
on pilot basis. After approval of the proposals by
Technical Committee, Department/ National Mission
will decide the place of demonstration, in consultation
with States. This will be a boost for young
entrepreneurs/ start-ups working in the field of water
to provide cost effective solutions. Further, action
research and concurrent evaluation studies will be
taken up every year by Department/ National Mission,
SW S M fo r a d opt i n g ev i d e n c e ba s e d po l i c y
interventions to manage rural water supply effectively.
8.7 Water audit and water security
With water availability becoming scarce due to
multiple reasons, time has come to enforce audit of
water supplied regularly to reduce the losses in the
distribution system. There are two types of losses, real
and apparent losses. Real loss includes water lost
through leakages in distribution systems, service
connections and storage tanks (including overflow).
Apparent loss includes meter and record inaccuracies
and unauthorized water uses such as theft and
unauthorized connections. In order to improve the
efficiency of the water supply systems, States are to
regularly take up water audit of identified systems for
effective improvement.
In order to ensure that the investments made under
the Jal Jeevan Mission lasts on long-term basis, it is
important to prepare the water budget of the village by
assessing the total available water from all sources
(both ground and surface). Further, water use for
domestic/ agriculture/ industrial purposes, etc. have to
be assessed.
Overdraw of and its inefficient use in agriculture leads
to depletion of ground/ surface water sources in
villages, seriously affecting the drinking water security.
The water budget prepared as part of the VAP is to be
disseminated among the local community so that they
can be sensitized to improve the agriculture water-use
efficiency by adopting micro-irrigation and/ or adopt
cropping pattern suiting the agro-climatic zone. In
addition to the above, using funds available under
various schemes like MGNREGS, State schemes,
PMKSY, etc., scientific recharge of depleted ground
water aquifers in the village can be done, thereby
enhancing ground water levels and ensuring water
security for drinking during summer months.
Many States have already taken up such conservation
measures and have improved the groundwater
availability. The recently concluded Jal Shakti Abhiyan,
an intensive campaign for conservation of water, has
generated awareness among the public and farmers on
water conservation and improved agriculture water
use efficiency. States can take up such campaigns
under IEC activities for long-term water security.
Technological Interventions and Innovations
57
Support Activities
o achieve the goal of providing FHTC to every
T
rural household by 2024, along with
development of water supply infrastructure
there is a need to spread awareness and sensitize
communities on judicious use of water, community
contribution and ownership, build capacities of GP
and/ or its sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti/
User Group etc. to plan, implement, manage, operate
and maintain in-village infrastructure, focus on setting
up long-term sustainable institutional mechanisms,
build skills of various human resources required, viz.
masons, plumbers, electricians, motor mechanics,
pump operators, etc. These activities will help in
developing responsible and responsive leadership
among communities ensuring long-term sustainability
of the water supply systems.
For this purpose, the Mission has made provision of up
to five per cent of annual allocation to the States as
support activities fund. All States will develop a
detailed implementation strategy for taking up support
activities as a part of AAP.
The support funds would be available for States to
carry out the following functions:
i.) Information, Education and Communication (IEC)
among local communities;
ii.) Human Resource Development (HRD);
iii.) public utility and leadership development;
iv.) training and skill development;
v.) mobilization of local communities;
vi.) third party inspection;
vii.) change management;
viii.) Key Resource Centres (KRCs);
ix.) knowledge centre;
x.) documentation of best practices, success stories,
publications, etc.;
xi.) conducting conferences, seminars, workshops,
review meetings, exposure visits on JJM;
xii.) IMIS support and related IT infrastructure.
The support activities will be monitored through the
JJM portal. No support activities fund will be utilized
for issuing of advertisement in newspapers/
magazines, gifts, hosting avoidable functions for
publicity, etc.
9.1 Information, Education and
Communication (IEC)
JJM is not just about creating water infrastructure, but
also aims at building capacities of different
stakeholders especially local communities, responsible
and responsive leadership to own, manage, operate
and maintain in-village water supply systems.
Therefore, IEC strategies, planning and their effective
implementation will be the key to success of JJM.
Mission will undertake IEC activities such as PRA
activities, Inter Personal Communication (IPC),
Behavioural Change Communication (BCC) and all
other related communication activities. SWSM will
lead IEC/ Behavioral Change Communication (BCC)
plans and will be responsible for embedding of such
interventions across the State.
Presently, WSSO is carrying out this work in some
States/ UTs. Once WSSO is subsumed in the SWSM, an
Annual plan/ calendar of activities for IEC, HRD, training,
capacity building will be prepared by the SWSM and will
be part of AAP. These activities will be part of key
activities under JJM and is to be given primacy.
The objectives of the IEC activities are to:
i.) drive positive behavioral changes among
stakeholders with respect to judicious use of
water, safe handling and storage, ownership of
water supply system, etc.;
ii.) create awareness and motivate people to take up
affirmative action for protection of drinking
water sources and against misuse of water;
iii.) create awareness and motivate people to
conserve water resources;
iv.) promote behavior change towards health and
hygiene aspects;
v.) have effective communication strategy involving
all stakeholders;
9
CHAPTER
58
vi.) inculcate sense of responsibility to manage,
operate & maintain their water supply systems to
ensure service delivery;
vii.) encourage community contribution towards
capital cost to instill 'sense of ownership';
viii.) encourage community to measure water and
promote water tariff/ user charges;
ix.) recognize performance of various stakeholders.
Department/ National Mission will issue IEC guidelines
separately outlining IEC/ PRA activities for States and
Districts. However, SWSM is advised to firm up policy
on earmarking of support fund for IEC activities and
ensure its subsequent and effective utilization.
9.2 Human Resource Development (HRD) &
Training
HRD support activity identifies and develops key
competencies through capacity building of various
stakeholders such as:
i.) Key Resource Centers (KRCs) to take up capacity
building programmes on cascading approach;
ii.) contractual staff engaged under SWSM and
DWSMs;
iii.) Implementation Support Agencies;
iv.) Gram Panchayat and/ or its sub-committee, i.e.
VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User Group, etc.;
v.) village level skilled human resource such as masons,
plumbers, electricians, pump operators, etc.
Central and State level Training Institutes, KRCs, which
are centrally empanelled can be engaged directly by
States and districts at pre-defined rates, empanelled
NGOs/ ISAs with experience in capacity building are to
be engaged for such training. The AAPs will contain
capacity building action plan for aforementioned
stakeholders.
Department/ National Mission is already implementing
'Sujal aur Swachh Gaon' training programme to build
capacities of representatives from every Gram
Panchayat.
9.3 Public utility, leadership development
and change management
A public utility is an undertaking that provides essential
services. JJM envisages a mindset change in the
provision of drinking water supply services. The service
provision should change from 'infrastructure
development approach' to a 'utility based approach'.
For this, it is required to re-orient both engineering and
other human resources. This would be undertaken
through customized orientation programme, exposure
visits, etc. It would be duty of such institutions to
provide water supply to every rural household under
JJM as per the service standards prescribed for both
quantity and quality. They would also be responsible
for collecting water tariff/ user charges as prescribed
and timely address the public grievances arising out of
such service provision. The personnel managing the
water supply services at all levels, i.e. village, GP,
district and State, need to be provided with customized
training and leadership programmes so as to enable
them to discharge their role in managing these utilities.
Change management is 'a structured approach for
ensuring that changes are thoroughly and smoothly
implemented and that the lasting benefits of change
are achieved'. It is the process of ensuring that an
organisation institutes and supports behaviours and
tools that are necessary to achieve short and long-term
goals more efficiently.
As part of these objectives, customised annual training
calendar to be framed for engineering and managerial
cadre of the PHED/ RWS Departments in States. The
programme should be customized to suit different
levels covering various technical, managerial and
leadership aspects. It would compulsorily to have a
two-week training and exposure visit to countries that
have excelled in rural water supply provision and the
Department/ National Mission would identify suitable
partners/ institutions both within the country and
abroad. For long-term water security, concerted
efforts need to be made to bring the mindset change to
make engineers as Public Health Engineers and Utility/
Service managers.
9.4 Skill Development & Entrepreneurship
To achieve the goal of FHTC, to every rural household,
in every village/ habitation on long-term basis, skilled
human resource in areas like masonry, plumbing,
fitting, electricity, etc., will be required. Also, agencies
executing the schemes will need high quality human
resources on a very large scale since quantum of work
will continue to multiply manifold during the project
period. For continuous O&M, local skilled persons
would be required to service these requirements.
Support Activities
59
There is a need to plan for skilled human resource in
each district and for each village, for which
convergence with Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas
Kendra (PMKVK) operational in each district will have
to be worked out. States have to identify district-wise
requirement of such skilled human resource and
training of them will have to be taken up on priority
through PMKVK. Proper training manual in local
vernacular language is to be prepared. It is
recommended that such trained persons should be
issued certificates and services of such people are
utilized in the schemes/ work taken up under JJM.
The skilled human resource will be encouraged to
become rural entrepreneurs and start enterprises in the
rural water supply sector to meet the emerging demands
of plumbing, mason, electrician, motor mechanics, etc.
9.5 Mobilization of local communities
Mobilization of communities is required to be
undertaken on a large scale to make JJM a 'Jan
Andolan'. More on this will be issued separately as part
of IEC guidelines.
9.6 Third Party Inspection
SWSM will empanel third party verification agencies
based on the ToR issued by Department/ National
Mission, to check the quality of work executed by the
agencies, quality of materials used for construction
and quality of machinery installed in each of the
scheme.
9.7 Key Resource Centers (KRCs)
KRC is an institution engaged across more than one
state in capacity building, reorientation of different
stakeholders, disseminating knowledge and
information, documenting best practices, etc. to
achieve the sectoral goal of rural drinking water supply.
Objectives of KRC are as follows:
i.) organize leadership development programmes
for District Magistrates/ Deputy Commissioners/
PHED engineers to cope with the change
management in context of JJM implementation;
ii.) upgrade knowledge, skill and attitude of PRI
functionaries, master trainers and other
stakeholders;
iii.) update personnel about latest technologies and
innovations in the water sector;
iv.) organize exposure visits for key personnel
involved in planning and execution;
v.) enhance knowledge and skills about convergence
with other similar programmes;
vi.) promote better understanding of professional
requirements as well as sensitization to social,
ec o n o mi c , te c h n o lo g i c a l an d p o l i t i ca l
environment for effective implementation; and
vii.) enhance the capacity of communication and
capacity development unit.
Department/ National Mission will empanel KRCs and
provide funds to national KRCs on a 100% grant-in-aid
basis and select them based on the track record, viz.
national standing, overall experience, previous work in
rural drinking water sector, etc.
9.8 Knowledge Centre
Knowledge centre or Centre of Excellence will be set up
by Department/ National Mission in reputed Indian
Universities/ Institutions for conducting continuous
research, studies, providing inputs for policy making,
programme development, etc. Universities/
Institutions will be selected based on research
achievements, their experience, potential and other
contributions in the field of water and sanitation.
9.9 Documentation
States will document the best practices/ success
stories from districts and villages. Further,
publications/ newsletters required for mission
activities in vernacular and other languages will be met
out of these funds.
60
Note: A sanitary inspection is an on-site inspection of a
water supply facility to identify actual and potential
sources of microbiological contamination for
evaluation of the physical structure and operation of
the system and external environmental factors (such as
toilet location). The information can be used for
deciding appropriate remedial action to improve or
protect the drinking water source and supply system.
Sanitary inspections will be carried out for all new and
existing sources of water from time to time. The results
of the sanitary inspections and remedial actions that
need to be taken to improve conditions will be
discussed with the community. In JE-AES and Acute
Diarrhoeal Diseases affected districts, it is advised to
undertake sanitary inspection twice in a year.
The decline in water availability and its quality
associated with rise in population growth, expansion of
industrial and agricultural activities and climate
change driven alterations to the hydrological cycle has
become a global phenomenon. The monitoring and
surveillance of water quality is now imperative.
It is important to note that, the community accords
great priority for access to water, but water quality
issues do not attract similar attention. This is because,
at grassroots, water quality is usually ascertained only
by color, odour and taste of the water. The presence of
most of the chemical contaminants does not exhibit any
change in terms of color, odour or taste in comparison
with potable water and the communities continue to
consume the quality-affected water in ignorance of
potential threats of consuming such contaminated
water. Some communities believe that boiling the water
will secure it from harmful contaminants and continue
to use quality-affected water for cooking purposes.
Hence, there is a definite need to generate awareness
and education on water quality and engage
communities in water quality surveillance.
The activities for water quality monitoring and
surveillance include:
i.) awareness and education programmes on water
quality in Schools, Anganwadi centres, Health
centres, GPs/ PRIs, etc.;
ii.) Awareness generation and capacity building of
all stakeholders at all levels on various aspects of
ater testing is important for monitoring the
W
operation of water supply, verification of
the safety of drinking water, investigation
of disease outbreaks, validation process and
preventive measures. Water quality testing tools need
to be used for deciding safety of drinking water: at the
source; within a piped distribution system; or at the
end of consumer.
Drinking water quality monitoring and water quality
surveillance are distinct yet, closely related activities. The
drinking water quality will be monitored by the PHED/
RWS Department, i.e. supplier/ agency responsible/
mandate for water quality whereas the surveillance of
water quality at grass roots will be responsibility of the
GPs/ rural community.
Monitoring of water quality involves laboratory and
field testing of water samples collected from water
sources and FHTCs. Facility of laboratories for Water
quality monitoring of rural areas already set up at
State/ District/ Sub-division/ Block/ level will be used.
Also, mobile water quality testing laboratories will be
put into operation to the extent possible.
Every Gram Panchayat and/ or its sub-committee, i.e.
VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User Group, etc. is to identify and
train five women in every village to undertake
surveillance activities. Water quality surveillance is
undertaken with the local community as per the
specified timelines. The water quality surveillance
activities include:
i.) use of FTKs at GP level to know the extent of
contamination and refer the positively tested
samples to the nearby water quality testing
laboratory for confirmation; and
ii.) sanitary inspection: an investigative activity to
identify and evaluate factors associated with
drinking water that may pose a risk to health. The
inspection takes care of prevention and detection
of risks and help in taking timely remedial action
before public health problems occur. Also,
identification of the sources of outbreaks of
water-borne disease get known timely and
corrective action as may be required get taken
promptly.
Water Quality Monitoring
and Surveillance
10
CHAPTER
61
water quality, it's importance, water borne
diseases, health effects, safe handling, storage,
etc.;
iii.) engage communities in surveillance activities
such as mandatory sanitary inspections;
iv.) enable communities to undertake presumptive
testing of water quality using FTKs;
v.) share the results of water quality testing within
community by way of SMS/ post cards to all the
major stakeholders in community viz. Sarpanch,
up-Sarpanch, GP members/ VWSC/ Paani samiti
members, etc. The positive results will be
uploaded on IMIS and alerts to be sent to officials
wherever intervention from PHED/ RWS or
Health Department is required, etc.;
vi.) Gram Panchayat and/ or its sub-committee, i.e.
VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User Group, etc. to identify,
train and appoint 5 women from local
community to conduct water quality tests using
FTKs/ bacteriological vials and report the results;
vii.) st re ngth enin g of water quality te st ing
laboratories by setting-up/ upgradation of State
district/ sub-division/ block/ mobile laboratories
and monitoring by undertaking laboratory
assessment and improvement plans. The
laboratory assessment will include HR available
and their training need analysis, physical
infrastructure (laboratory environment),
equipments & instrumentation, annual
maintenance contract mechanisms, number of
samples being tested against the target and
requirement. The improvement plans for each
laboratory will mention the process to fill the
identified gaps;
viii.) setting up a system to procure/ refill FTKs/
bacteriological vials and monitoring their
utilization;
ix.) providing guidance and training to personnel at
different managerial levels in water quality
testing, monitoring, data interpretation and
reporting;
x.) corrective actions by State PHED/ RWS
Department in case of major water quality
contamination, if required, alerting Health
Department for mitigation and/ or corrective
actions especially in Arsenic/ Fluoride, Uranium
contaminants and bacteriological contaminations;
xi.) accreditation of drinking water quality testing
laboratories as per IS/ISO/IEC:17025 at least for
parameters of basic water quality importance
and gradually upgrading to other parameters as
per local conditions;
xii.) cross verification of water quality data and
integration with other laboratories of State/
Central government agencies.
PHED/ RWS Departments in the States/ UTs may refer
to 'Uniform Drinking Water Quality Monitoring
Protocol'. The Protocol is suggestive in nature and has
advisory value for guiding and supporting the States/
UTs in water quality testing, monitoring and
surveillance activities effectively. The protocol defines
the water quality parameters needed to be tested in
laboratories at different levels and for testing by using
FTK at GP level. The salient features of the revised
version of Protocol include; i.) institutional framework
that can strengthen laboratories, ii.) roles and
responsibilities of PHED/ RWS departments and
laboratories, iii.) monitoring framework for quality, iv.)
ranking of State and district laboratories, v.) pre-defined
roster of sources and vi.) third party verification.
Specific focus has been given to procurement processes
especially using GeM portal, NABL accreditation,
incorporating advanced instruments for improving
standards of water testing and accountability.
The States/ UTs are encouraged to explore Public-Private
Partnership wherein the PHED/ RWS Department may
collaborate with NABL/ ISO/ other suitably accredited
private firms as Support Organization (SO) and utilize
their strengths following all SoPs as per government
procedure. Example: Hub and spoke model in healthcare
sector, West Bengal PHED model in drinking water
quality testing sector are valuable contributions.
Additionally, may also be Public-Public Partnership
explored wherein the PHED/ RWS Department will
collaborate with the water quality testing laboratories of
other similar State/ Central Government agencies.
Further, States/ UTs may also designate any NABL/ ISO/
other suitably accredited Public or Private water quality
testing laboratories/ firms on turnkey basis following all
codal formalities prescribed in Government procedures.
Example: Himachal Pradesh IPH Department Model.
States/ UTs may also encourage & promote rural
entrepreneurship and enterprises for water quality
testing at local level. The local enterprises could be
responsible for a cluster of villages, or block(s) and
make water quality testing easy to access.
62
States/ UTs may explore possibility of engaging
laboratories established in colleges/ universities/
polytechnic institutes for water quality testing on
nominal payment basis agreed among DWSM and
concerned institution.
Supply of prescribed quality of water is a crucial factor
which decides functionality of HTCs. For ensuring this,
water quality testing laboratories established under
erstwhile ARWSP, NRDWP and now JJM will also make
provision for getting water samples collected by
general public tested at a nominal rate that may be
fixed by the Department. Wide publicity about this be
given so that public gets to know about this initiative.
10.1 Frequency of testing
The broad guidelines for undertaking testing of
sources/ samples at different level:-
i.) Sub-division/ block laboratory: It is suggested
that Sub-divisional/ block lab will test 100% water
sources under its jurisdiction; once for chemical
parameters and twice for bacteriological
parameters (pre and post monsoon) in a year,
covering all sources of a block at least for 13 basic
water quality parameters²². The positively tested
samples will be referred to the district laboratory
immediately. The other parameters may be
tested as per local contamination. In case, block
level laboratories are not available, services of
laboratories of nearby educational institutions
or universities may be explored and availed.
ii.) District laboratory: It is suggested that district lab
will test 250 water sources/ samples per month (i.e.
3,000 in a year as per the target of roster available
on Department/ National Mission IMIS) covering all
sources randomly spread geographically including
the positively tested samples referred by the sub-
division/ block laboratory/ mobile laboratory on at
least for 13 basic water quality parameters. The
district lab will also refer the positively tested
samples to the State laboratory immediately. The
other parameters may be tested as per local
contamination at district level.
iii.) State laboratory: The State lab will test at least 5%
of the total drinking water samples across all
district level laboratories with random and
uniform geographical spread including positively
tested samples referred by district/ sub-division/
block/ mobile lab. If the number of districts in any
State/ UT is large (>50), then the testing of
samples/ sources may be restricted to 3% for the
State lab. Remaining 2% may be integrated with
other regional/ district laboratories.
iv.) Testing of water quality using Field Test Kit (FTK)
at Gram Panchyat level: Gram Panchayat and/ or
its sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User
Group, etc. will ensure to test 100% drinking
water sources including private sources and
sanitary inspection under its jurisdiction using
FTK. The test results and sanitary inspection
report will be submitted to the concerned PHED/
RWS Department.
10.2 Funding
i.) Up to 2% of the allocation to States can be utilized
for carrying out WQM&S activities;
ii.) all the above activities shall have a funding
pattern of 90:10 for NE and Himalayan States and
60:40 for remaining States. The fund sharing
pattern for UTs shall be 100:0 between Centre and
UT Administration in UTs without legislature and
90:10 for UTS with legislature;
iii.) the fund may be utilized for activities like setting
up of State level laboratory (building cost
permitted only for State Level Laboratory), new
district/ sub-divisional laboratories (building cost
to be borne by the State Government, rental
charges could be booked under this fund),
laboratories under PPP mode, upgrading of
existing water quality testing laboratories which
inter-alia include procurement of equipments,
instruments, chemicals/ reagents , glassware,
consumables, hiring of outsourced human
resources (regular staff to be paid salaries by the
State Government/ UT Administration), hiring of
vehicles for transportation of water samples
collected from the field to the laboratory and
expenses incurred for NABL accreditation process
(consultant fee, audit cost, application fee and
annual fee);
iv.) these funds can also be used for procurement of
FTKs, refills and bacterial detection kits;
v.) salary of regular staff and any services,
expenditure incurred in excess of the 2% allocation
will be met from fund of the State Government.
SWSM may also decide to pay honorarium to a
dedicated person at GP level for ensuring water
²²The 13 basic water quality parameters are placed at Annex-XI
Water Quality Monitoring and Surveillance
63
quality tests through FTKs/ bacteriological vials in
prescribed time and submit data to higher
authorities.
10.3 Water quality monitoring in quality -
affected areas
There may be water sources where the concentration
of chemical contaminants is found to be at border line,
i.e a little lower than the permissible limit as prescribed
in BIS:10500. To ensure that the water supply through
FHTC is of prescribed quality, villages using such water
sources necessitate periodic monitoring and may be
enlisted as 'hot spots'. The list of such 'hot spots' is to
be shared by PHED/ RWS Department with SWSM,
DWSM and GP. PHED/ RWS Department is to
undertake regular monitoring of water quality of such
water sources and water quality surveillance will be
done by GP and/ or its sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/
Paani Samiti/ User Group, etc. and local community.
Corrective measures need to be taken wherever and
whenever required.
Water quality data of water sources in 'hot spots' will
specifically be monitored through JJM IMIS. Before
selecting any such water source for piped water supply
system, it will be discussed by Gram Panchayat and/ or
its sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User
Group, etc. and approved through , as Gram Sabha
mentioned in Chapter 6.
10.4 List of training and IEC activities
i.) display of details of nearest water quality testing
lab in prominent locations in villages/ blocks/
districts;
ii.) water quality training of departmental
stakeholders, Gram Panchayat and/ or its sub-
committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User Group,
etc., ISAs, PRIs, barefoot technicians, etc.;
iii.) awareness generation on water quality issues,
water-borne diseases and health impacts;
iv.) water safety planning;
v.) behavioral change communication on- 'strictly
avoiding water from quality-affected source';
vi.) inter-personal communication (door to door
contact) on importance of good quality drinking
water in nutrition;
vii.) audio-visual publicity on ill effects of consuming
contaminated water, importance of sanitary
inspection, process of getting private water
quality sources tested, etc.;
viii.) wall writings promoting tap water as- 'it is free
from contamination' and;
ix.) slogans, group meetings, street plays, PRA
activities, exhibits, etc. on water quality.
10.5 Monitoring
Use of latest technology to capture water quality data
automatically will enhance decision making and
performance of water supply utilities. PHE will also
employ water quality sensors and IoT based monitoring
systems. The current process of monitoring through
online portal and field visits by SWSM/ PHED/ RWS
Department will be followed. The States/ UTs will hold
regular review meetings to monitor the water quality
status. The data will be made available on public domain.
The JJM IMIS portal will capture the following:
i.) water quality monitoring through laboratory
tests at all levels as per the frequency;
ii.) water quality surveillance undertaken by
community through FTKs in all villages as per the
frequency of testing;
iii.) progress of FHTCs provision in water quality-
affected districts and JE-AES districts;
iv.) separate reports will be generated to monitor
villages affected with Arsenic, Fluoride and Iron.
An d , any ot h e r a s may be de c i d ed b y
Department/ National Mission;
v.) l ab oratory ass es sments and respective
improvement plans;
vi.) number of State/ District laboratories having
NABL accreditation and No. of Block/ sub-
divisional laboratories;
vii.) lab ranking;
viii.) use of FTKs/ biological vials by communities as
per recommended number of tests;
ix.) emerging cases of water quality issues.
64
11
CHAPTER
Monitoring and Evaluation
11.1 Monitoring
Effective monitoring mechanisms will ensure
functionality of tap connections, i.e. drinking water
supply in adequate quantity of prescribed quality on
regular basis.
JJM monitoring mechanisms comply with the global
standards, viz. Global Competitiveness Index (GCI). GCI
measures national competitiveness defined as 'set of
institutions, policies and factors that determine the level
of productivity'. GCI includes following two indicators:
i.) exposure to unsafe drinking water: It measures a
population's exposure to unsafe drinking water,
taking into account the extent of exposure by risk
level and the severity of that risk's contribution to
disease burden;
ii.) reliability of water supply: This is based on how
reliable is the water supply (lack interruptions
and flow fluctuations).
Measurement of water supplied for
monitoring
What cannot be measured cannot be managed. In
order to manage both the in-village infrastructure
meant for SVS, large scale infrastructure projects for
MVS and those piped water supply schemes with a
stand post, it is necessary to have data on water
supplied every day, the quality of water supplied as well
as depth of water in bore wells. Further, in case of MVS,
the water made available to various villages every day is
also to be measured. Since rural water supply schemes
are spread far and wide, it is necessary to leverage the
IT tools like sensors, IoT, customized dashboards, etc.
for regular capturing and analysis of data for
management decision making by the management.
The following are suggested in this regard:
i.) in SVS and piped water supply with stand posts, it
is necessary to have sensors to measure water
drawn every day from different sources, water
level in the bore-well in case of groundwater
based scheme, switching on and off of pumps on
the basis of overflow sensors in the storage tanks.
Also, some basic sensors for measuring water
quality aspects like pH, presence of nitrates,
salinity, etc. can be explored and installed. This
data would be captured at regular intervals and
stored in a data logger for manual retrieval or
transmitted to cloud server using a SIM;
ii.) in case of MVS, a bulk water meter is to be
installed in every village that receives water in
their sump. Also, sensors for switching on and off
of pumps, measuring sump water level are to be
installed. SCADA systems for large treatment
plants are mandatory for both operation of the
plant as well as for monitoring. States can also
explore and adopt SCADA for distribution systems
for measuring the pressure, leakage and quality
aspects of supplied water;
iii.) the MIS should be developed for capturing the
data collected through sensors and analyzing
them. It is important to have same data capturing
formats and protocols across the States for data
handling consistency. The States can also tweak
the existing MIS, if they have, to meet the data
consistency requirements;
iv.) dashboards need to be created to capture the
following:
a.) Planning
b.) Execution
c.) Operation and Maintenance
d.) Daily water supply details of villages including
quantity and quality.
It should be ensured that, these aspects should be
organically integrated from the planning stage itself as
part of the estimates so that they can be tested and
commissioned along with the scheme/ project.
Department/ National Mission would create an IMIS
for capturing financial and physical progress of the
Mission and the Rural Water Supply/ PHE Department
would be responsible for entry of data in IMIS.
11.1.1 Integrated Management Information System
(IMIS)
A dedicated JJM IMIS is designed to capture every
Functional Household Tap Connection (FHTC). The JJM
IMIS will include:
65
i.) provision for uploading VAPs, DAPs, SAPs and
State-wise AAPs;
ii.) monitoring of constitution of Gram Panchayat
sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User
Group, etc., bank account opening, community
contribution, etc.;
iii.) monitoring ISAs performance in allotted villages,
viz. resource mapping, PRA activities, etc.;
iv.) monitoring physical and financial progress of all
schemes;
v.) monitoring of water quality laboratories and
surveillance by communities using FTKs;
vi.) monitoring of change management activities;
vii.) monitoring of support activities, etc.
The reports generated would be used for regular
monitoring through field visits, workshops, video
conferences, etc. A digital district inventory of drinking
water assets would be created for better management
of schemes and monitoring them. Every MVS network
system will be monitored through SCADA system at
State level for ensuring its proper functioning.
It would be ensured that the data from States in respect
to physical progress of various projects, geo-tagging of
assets, expenditure made on the projects, functionality
status of projects would be captured on JJM IMIS and
will be kept in public domain through which there is a
scope of social audit as well as overseeing by end-users
and various institutional structures.
Sensor-based water supply measurement for
periodicity of supply, quality and quantity is to be
employed. Its integration with control and command
and IMIS is required to be taken up to monitor
functionality of water supply system continuously.
11.1.2 Real-time dashboard
A real time dashboard would capture all the essential
monitoring parameters i.e., number of FHTCs provided
so far, number of FHTCs remaining to be provided
before 2024, number of functional tap connections
provided and non-functional ones. This data would be
available in public domain.
66
²³Funconality assessment is placed at Annex-VI
Monitoring and Evaluation
Fully-funconal Parally-funconal
Non-funconal
>= 55 lpcd
Potable
12 months or
daily basis
> 40 lpcd
< 55 lpcd
Potable
9-12 months
< daily basis
< 40 lpcd
Non potable
< 9 months
< daily basis
Quanty
Quanty
Regularity
Table 11
11.1.3 Geo-tagging assets
To bring transparency and for monitoring, States are
required to geo-tag all the assets of water supply
schemes. Every infrastructure asset either new or
otherwise will be geo-tagged including washing and
bathing places, greywater collection and treatment
plants, source sustainability structures, etc.
11.1.4 Linking FHTCs with Aadhar
For targeted delivery and monitoring of specific
outputs, it is proposed that FHTC is to be linked with
the Aadhar number of the head of the household,
subject to statutory provisions.
11.1.5 Surveillance by community
Community will closely observe the functioning of
their water supply scheme and will be responsible to
manage, operate and maintain their in-village water
supply infrastructure. The community will also
undertake regular sanitary inspections as detailed in
chapter 10 and collectively decide on mechanisms to
prevent misuse of water. The community will be
empowered to file grievances with respective DWSM/
SWSM through a dedicated toll free number, online
portal, etc.
11.2 Evaluation
Functionality assessment
Functionality is defined as having infrastructure, i.e.
household tap connection providing water in adequate
quantity (55 lpcd) of prescribed quality (BIS:10500) on
regular basis (everyday or as decided by GP and/ or its
sub-committee). It will also include long-term source
and system sustainability.
Functionality of tap connections will be categorized
based on the parameters as shown under in table 11.
Since source sustainability is one of the conditions for
deciding the functionality of tap connections, the
functionality assessment criteria will also include
questions on source sustainability measures carried
out/ executed for different types of schemes and with
convergence through MGNREGS, IWMP, etc. (refer
Para 6.3 for more on Convergence)
Government of India will carry sample survey to assess
the functionality of household tap connections. Based
on the functionality assessment, funds will be released
to States. The functionality assessment²³ will also
capture other necessary information to ascertain long-
term sustainability of the system.
67
Measuring Outputs and Outcomes
al Jeevan Mission's primary output is providing
J
all rural households with a Functional Household
Tap Connection (FHTC) by 2024. In parallel, the
Mission also strives to achieve 4 key measurable
outcomes such as improved health conditions of
rural communities; reduction in drudgery faced by
women and girls and empowerment of women,
reduced school dropout rates of upper primary level
girls; and increase in employment opportunities for
rural communities. Such an approach would ensure
socio-economic wellbeing of rural households. The
specific outcomes in the results framework are
detailed below:
Output-Outcome Frame Work of JJM
Outputs
Indicator(s)
Means of Verification
Outcome 1: Reduced waterborne diseases and healthy rural communities.
Outcome Indicator: % Reduction in numbers of Acute Diarrheal Diseases reported compared to all
episodes reported in last bulletin of National Health Profile 2019.
Functional Household
Tap Connection
[FHTC] provided to
every rural
household by 2024.
Number of FHTCs provided IMIS data, Visible FHTCs, functionality
assessment, social audits
Number of FHTCs delivering water
in adequate quantity, i.e. 55 lpcd
Flow meters, household meters,
Functionality assessment
Number of FHTCs delivering
water of prescribed quality,
i.e. BIS standards
FTKs/ bacteriological vials distributed,
samples tested at laboratories, .
functionality assessment,
community feedback
% reduction in water borne
disease at households
Health data, Number of hospital visits,
data with ASHA worker
Outputs
Indicator(s)
Means of Verification
Outcome 2: Reduced drudgery of women.
Outcome Indicator: Number of womenfolk who are relieved of drudgery of
carrying water from distant sources.
FHTC in all rural households
increased productive
household time of women.
Increased participation of
women in GPs and SHGs
Review of GP and SHG minutes
of the meeting.
Outputs
Indicator(s)
Means of Verification
Outcome 3: Reduced drop out of upper primary school girls
Outcome Indicator: Upper primary school girl's dropout rates decreased from -% to -% and
increase in attendance from -% to -%
FHTC in all rural households
relieved upper primary
school girls from travelling
long distances in fetching
drinking water.
% increase in number of
upper primary girls going
to school.
School enrolment and
attendance register.
Outputs
Indicator(s)
Means of Verification
Outcome 4: Increased employment opportunities for rural communities.
Outcome Indicator: Wellbeing of the rural households improved with- % increase in the household incomes.
FHTC in all rural households
opened opportunities for
employment.
% increase in number of days of
employment per year
Local employment/payment register,
Number of local enterprises set up.
Table 12
12
CHAPTER
13
CHAPTER
68
limate change driven extreme weather events
C
like droughts and floods are unpredictably
altering the current and future availability of
freshwater. The adverse impacts resulting from
uncertain availability of adequate and quality water, in
turn affect availability of food, health parameters,
nutrition and livelihood security. Also, the increasing
instances of landslides, earthquakes, etc. at times
damage water supply infrastructure resulting in
disruption of drinking water supply. This poses a
challenge for urban/ rural planners working for
providing safe drinking water to communities and
hence, JJM will strengthen the efforts of States/ UTs in
implementing their disaster management plan.
The key challenges in a disaster situation are:
I.) advance planning and preparedness to mitigate/
minimize the impact of disaster;
ii.) rapid response at time of disaster; and
iii.) restoration of the services with a robust and
resilient supply system post disaster.
Thus, the plan has to address the above challenges in
the context of drinking water supply.
Pre-disaster: This is the planning phase. Concrete
planning and efficient deployment of resources during
this period reduces losses at time of a disaster.
Prevention and Mitigation
I.) improvement in water storage capacity of
aquifers is the best long-term strategy. Passive
recharge of aquifers particularly in forested areas
is the most effective water conservation method
for future drinking water security. Forests can
hold larger volume of water for longer durations
on the forest floor that acts like a sponge to slowly
release water into streams; an example of how
certain ecosystems ensure water availability and
flood risk reduction. However, this involves long-
term planning and action;
ii.) efforts towards increasing availability of quality-
water from shallow and deep aquifers will ensure
water availability during periods of drought and
delayed monsoon;
iii.) presence of resilient infrastructure is rewarding
in crisis situation and it is very effective in
prevention/ mitigation and for minimizing impact
of the disaster. While laying pipelines in hilly
areas, care should be taken to avoid landslide
prone areas. Also, anchoring of pipes has to be
done effectively so that they do not get washed
away by floods/ mud flows. The location of water
supply infrastructure like treatment plants,
underground reservoirs, public drinking water
access points, etc. should be selected carefully so
as to have protection from floods and cyclone,
landslides, land slips, impact of earthquake, etc.;
iv.) at the time of creation of RWS infrastructure,
compliance with the standards/ codal provisions/
guidelines issued for earthquake/ flood or
cyclone/ landslide prone areas, by institutions
like Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS)/ Central
Public Health and Environmental Engineering
Organisation (CPHEEO) will ensure creation of
infrastructure having long life;
v.) the SLSSC while sanctioning the schemes should
verify the vulnerability of proposed water supply
infrastructure to disasters and should record their
comments, keeping in view afore-mentioned
aspects, in the minutes of the meeting;
vi.) while preparing VAP, local communities'
knowledge and information on these aspects
should be taken into account while finalizing sites
and plan.
Disaster preparedness: This process involves measures
that enable Governments, communities and individuals
to respond rapidly to disaster situations and cope with
them effectively.
Contingency plans must mention the location of
sustainable water sources and the design of water-
supply systems. This knowledge is critical in effective
disaster preparedness and post disaster recovery.
Hazards to catchments, reservoirs and distribution
systems also need to be cons id ered in the
contingency plan.
In disaster prone areas, like coastal areas, flood prone
tracts, Himalayan States etc. States should plan for
Disaster Management
69
stationing permanent mobile water purification plants
at the nearest possible safe locations and develop an
inventory of these plants. Similarly, lot of spot sources
like hand pumps have been created under erstwhile
NRDWP and various State schemes. In the event of a
natural disaster like cyclones and floods, the hand
pumps provide interim solution to provide potable
water until the water supply through pipelines is re-
established. Thus, there is a need to ensure upkeep of
these hand pumps by periodic checking of their
functionality. Raising of platforms of hand pumps will
prevent mixing of flood water and this activity can be
done by using funds available with States for disaster
preparedness or State fund.
Emergency preparedness for response
Preparedness at all levels, i.e. Departmental (State
level), district and village level is of utmost importance.
Key elements of preparedness are:
I.) identification and access to trained human
resources for post disaster damage & needs;
ii.) assessment and plann ing for providing
transitional services and; restoration of disaster
impacted systems. A sound and integrated
training in related sectoral courses should be
imparted by the state government;
iii.) prepositioned emergency water supply kits to
provide transitional services in camps and other
mass displacement situations;
iv.) water quality surveillance with reference to
disease surveillance as part of concurrent
monitoring;
v.) adapt or design new systems to minimize local
flooding, sewage overflow routing or storage;
and
vi.) build in preventive maintenance to clear drains
and sewers regularly.
During disaster: During this period, the needs and
provisions of affected people are met to alleviate and
minimize suffering.
Key elements of response to disaster will be:
I.) access to trained & skilled human resources for
providing transitional services;
ii.) access to prepositioned emergency water supply
kits camps and other mass displacement
situations;
iii.) setting up of mobile water purification plants in
affected area;
iv.) water quality surveillance with reference to
disease surveillance using field test kits;
v.) supply of adequate purification kits.
Post-disaster: Providing potable drinking water and
sanitation facilities during and post disaster situations
like flood, cyclone, earthquake, etc. is one of the biggest
issues and should be treated as a top priority. After a
disaster, the key challenge is to achieve rapid and
durable recovery which does not reproduce the original
vulnerable conditions. Post disaster reconstruction aim
is to restore pre-disaster water supply condition. This
includes activities such as quick and effective
replacement of damaged water source and water
supply infrastructure. While doing so, due care needs to
be taken for long-term development prospects and
potential disaster proneness and ensure 'build back
better' the water supply infrastructure. Thus, a
conscious integration of disaster resilience into the
material selection as well as construction planning will
be done for disaster proofing of the water supply
infrastructure rather than reproducing the same
conditions as were before.
As per the instructions of Ministry of Finance, 25% of the
Centrally Sponsored Scheme's annual allocation of
funds to the States can be used as flexi-funds. For
meeting the immediate requirement of funds for post
disaster recovery works, flexi-funds available with States
under JJM can be used. States/ UTs are advised to set
aside at least 5% of the annual allocation under JJM to
take care of unforeseen challenges/ issues arising out of
natural disasters/ calamities and internal disturbances,
which may be used by the State for coverage at the fag
end of the financial year, if remain unutilized.
In addition to the above, States are also provided State
Disaster Response Fund (SDRF) by successive Finance
Commissions. The same can also be used for post
disaster recovery works for providing drinking water
and sanitation. Further, if the disaster demands
additional funds, on the request of the State/ UT
Administration, Inter-Ministerial Central Teams are
constituted by the Ministry of Home Affairs/
Agriculture as the case may be, and they visit the State
and make assessment of the disaster and recommend
funds. Based on this recommendation, funds over and
above SDRF is made available under National Disaster
Response fund (NDRF).
70
The section 35 clause 2 (b) of The Disaster Management
Act, 2005 provide that-
“ensure the integration of measures for prevention of
disasters and mitigation by Ministries or Departments
of the Government of India into their development
plans and project”.
Disaster Management
The Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) for
responding to natural disasters are available on
Department/ National Mission portal. Every State is
required to have a well laid out disaster management
strategy for ensuring continuous water supply in
eventualities of disaster.
71
Externally Aided Projects
14
CHAPTER
xternally Aided Projects (EAPs) are an
E
important source of additional funding
available to the States for filling the funding
gap that may arise in JJM implementation. States to
ensure that ultimate goal of such EAPs is provision of
FHTCs, and such projects can cover both rural and
urban areas. States/ UTs are encouraged to seek
external financial assistance through EAPs funded by
bi-lateral and multi-lateral agencies.
The proposal for EAP would clearly mention the
number of FHTCs that can be provided under it and
increase in the overall percentage of rural FHTCs
based on SAP. The States have to follow the
procedure laid down by the Department of
Economics Affairs, vide their communications No.
8/1/2019-BPC&T dated 25.11.2019 (Annex IX)
which is the nodal Department for processing
external assistance.
The brief procedure for seeking external assistance
is as under:
i.) all State/ UT Governments to prepare a
Preliminary Project Report (PPR) proposal with
tentative financial details as per the prescribed
format by Department of Economic Affairs. The
PPR is to be submitted only in the DEA's online
portal . The nodal officer of the State/ UT ²⁴
would verify/ endorse the PPR online and mark
online in the portal itself, to line Ministry of
Govt. of India and NITI Aayog. In case activities
relate to more than one Ministry, it should be
endorsed to all Ministries. To illustrate, to seek
external assistance for projects involving both
urban and rural water supply, while submitting
the PPR, the States should tag the PPR for both
DDWS and M/o Housing and Urban Affairs;
ii.) in case of NE States, the PPR, in addition to line
Ministries, should also be marked online to
M/o DoNER, MHA and MEA. In case of UTs with
Legislature, the PPR is to be marked to MHA for
information. For UTs without Legislature, the
PPR would be verified/ endorsed by nodal
person in MHA and mark the PPR online to
other GoI Ministries / Departments;
iii.) the nodal Ministries/ Departments to whom
the PPR has been marked are to give their
comments online within 45 days and 30 days in
case of NE and other States respectively;
iv.) the EAP proposal should align with development
priorities of the State as well as Government of
India. A special emphasis is laid on “finance plus”
elements of the project;
v.) th e L ine Mini st r y/ Depar t m ent af ter
undertaking necessary technical appraisal will
forward its report to DEA for further necessary
action, online. In case of UTs, a copy of the
report shall also be endorsed to MHA for
information;
vi.) the PPRs received online with recommendations
/ comments will be placed before the screening
committee of DEA. Projects not satisfying the
criteria would be rejected or returned by DEA, as
the case may be.
²⁴hps://eapdea.gov.in/ppr/
72
State-wise household tap connections
Annex - I
No. of Individual rural households with piped water supply connections
(as on 31.03.2019, as reported by States/ UTs)
S. No.
States/ UTs
Total households Total households
connections
% of total households
connections with PWS
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Andaman & Nicobar Islands
Andhra Pradesh
Arunachal Pradesh
Assam
Bihar
Chhattisgarh
Goa *
Gujarat
Haryana
Himachal Pradesh
Jammu & Kashmir
Jharkhand
Karnataka
Kerala
Madhya Pradesh
Maharashtra
Manipur
Meghalaya
Mizoram
Nagaland
Odisha
Puducherry
Punjab
Rajasthan
Sikkim
Tamil Nadu
Telangana
Tripura
Uttar Pradesh
Uttarakhand
West Bengal
65,096
91,29,939
2,20,826
57,92,987
1,78,46,077
43,17,108
16,14,59
64,77,917
32,88,145
13,48,841
16,36,151
50,28,402
80,72,422
91,75,250
1,08,90,226
1,32,03,245
4,38,943
4,60,527
1,03,949
3,17,975
81,25,852
82,258
33,01,599
92,84,150
88,013
98,62,767
54,09,686
8,59,052
2,58,81,064
15,09,758
1,63,35,210
17,87,14,894
6,604
30,60,696
20,069
1,27,962
3,36,178
3,85,417
0
50,82,540
17,58,292
7,59,047
4,91,152
2,88,992
35,36,476
15,36,707
13,28,100
50,74,878
24,512
4,359
16,359
15,559
3,19,955
41,418
17,59,212
11,49,036
87,431
29,33,243
18,13,791
27,358
3,45,452
2,16,182
2,14,683
3,27,61,660
10.15
33.52
9.09
2.21
1.88
8.93
0
78.46
53.47
56.27
30.02
5.75
43.81
16.75
12.2
38.44
5.58
0.95
15.74
4.89
3.94
50.35
53.28
12.38
99.34
29.74
33.53
3.18
1.33
14.32
1.31
18.33
Total
*Goa is at 88.51% coverage as on 30.11.2019
Source: IMIS, DDWS
73
(To be certified by Secretary/ Principal Secretary in-charge of RWS)
(Allocation, Release and Utilization of funds under SCSP, TSP and general to be mentioned separately in Paras
1 & 2)
Central Funds/ State Funds*
Sl. No Letter No. and date
1. Certified that a sum of Rs.______ only was received by ……………………….. (as the case may be ) as Grants-in-
Aid during 20__ - __ from Government of India/ (State Name)* as per details given in the margin. A sum of
Rs. ______ only was the Bank interest credited to the Coverage/ JE - AES. Further, a sum of Rs. ______ only
being unspent balance of the previous year 20__-__ was allowed to be brought forward for utilization during
the year.
2. It is also certified that out of the above mentioned total fund of Rs. _____ only a sum of Rs.________ only has
been utilized with effect from ……… to ……… for the purpose for which it was sanctioned. It is further certified
that the unspent balance of Rs_____ only was remaining unutilized at the end of the year and has been
allowed to be utilized for the Programme next year.
Annex - II
Utilization Certificate for the Year 20__ - 20__
S. No.
Particulars
Amount (Rs. Lakh)
SC ST Gen
Total
1.
2.
3.
4.
6.
Opening Balance
Receipt of Grants
(i) Sanction Order No. and Date
(ii) Sanction Order No. and Date
Interest
Other Receipts
5.
Total Fund
Expenditure
Closing Balance
3. Certified that I have satisfied myself that the conditions on which the grants-in-aid was sanctioned have
been duly fulfilled/ are being fulfilled and that I have exercised the following checks to see that the
money was actually utilized for the purpose for which it was sanctioned.
i) The Statement of Accounts from ……… to …….. duly audited by Chartered Accountant/
Auditor General (as the case may be) have been received and accepted.
ii) It has been ensured that the physical and financial performance has been according to the
requirements as prescribed in the Programme Guidelines issued by the Government of India/ State*.
4. The utilization of the aforesaid fund resulted into the following:
i) Outcomes in terms of Coverage (in verifiable term)
b. Coverage of Quality Affected Habitations through Functional Household Tap Connection (FHTC)
till the month of ............. (With JE- AES funds)
S. No.
Contamination
AAP target for
the Year
Achievement till../
during the year
% Achievement
1.
JE-AES affected
a. Provision of Functional Household Tap Connection (FHTC) till the month of .............
S. No.
FHTCs provided
AAP target for
the Year
Achievement till../
during the year
% Achievement
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Total FHTCs provided
FHTCs provided to SC households
FHTCs provided to ST households
FHTCs provided in minority
concentrated districts
FHTCs provided in
aspirational Districts
S. No.
Type of Schemes implemented
AAP target for
the Year
Achievement till../
during the year
% Achievement
a.
Single village Piped Water Supply
schemes Surface sources
Ground Water Sources
b.
Multi village Piped Water Supply
schemes Surface sources
Ground Water Sources
Total
c. Coverage of Quality Affected Habitations through Functional Household Tap Connection (FHTC)
till the month of ............. (with NWQSM funds)
S. No.
Contamination
AAP target for
the Year
Achievement till../
during the year
% Achievement
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Arsenic
Fluoride
Iron
Nitrate
Salinity
Heavy metal
Total
74
ii) Outcomes in terms of Schemes Implemented and coverage though through Functional Household Tap
Connection (FHTC)) (in verifiable term)
Signature____________________Designation__________________ Place___________ Date____________
Counter Signature (of Secretary in-charge of Rural Water Supply)___________Place________ Date _______
Annex - II
75
(Consolidated Audit Report for JJM/ Support & WQM&S)
(Audit reports for NRDWP/ Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM) and Support/ WQM&S fund to be submitted
separately)
Containing following points :-
i.) Auditor's Report
ii.) Receipt & Payment Account.
iii.) Income & Expenditure Account
iv.) Balance sheet
v.) Notes Forming Part of Accounts (Reporting about physical output)
vi.) Auditor's observations as 'Annex' (in case of any observation, reply countersigned by Chartered
Accountant is required)
N.B: All the documents should be in original & countersigned by Competent Authority of SWSM with
official stamp.
Format for Audit Report
Annex - III
76
To
The State Water and Sanitation Mission
Address:
1. We have audited the attached Balance Sheet of State Water and Sanitation Mission ('the Grantee')
“Account – Erstwhile National Rural Drinking Water Programme (NRDWP) and Jal Jeevan Mission ( as the
case may be)” as at March 31, 20..and also the Income and Expenditure Account and Receipts and
Payment Account for the year ended on that date annexed thereto. These financial statements are the
responsibility of the Grantee's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these
financial statements based on our audit.
2. We conducted our audit in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in India. Those
Standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the
financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis,
evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as
evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable
basis for our opinion.
3. Further to our comments in the Annexure referred to above, we report that:
i. We have obtained all the information and explanations, which to the best of our knowledge and belief
were necessary for the purposes of our audit;
ii. In our opinion, proper books of account as required have been kept by the Grantee so far as appears
from our examination of those books;
iii. The balance sheet, income and expenditure account and receipts and payment account dealt with by
this report are in agreement with the books of account;
iv. In our opinion, and to the best of our knowledge and according to the explanations given to us and
subjects to our observations annexed herewith we report that :
a. The Balance Sheet, gives a true and correct view of the state and affairs of the Grantee “Account – on
Erstwhile National Rural Drinking Water Programme(NRDWP)/ Jal Jeevan Mission-JJM (As case may
be) ” as on 31.3.20..
b. The Income and Expenditure Account gives a true and correct view of excess of income over
expenditure for the period ended 31.03.20.
c. The receipts and Payment Account gives a true and correct view of the transactions under the
programme/scheme for the period ended on 31.03.20.
v. Expenditure reported in the Income and Expenditure account is properly reflected in the Utilization
Certificate(s) for the same period.
Signature of Chartered Accountant with Seal)
Name in full___________________________
Membership No._______________________
CAG Empanelment No. & Year/ Contact No.
i.) Auditor's Report
Annex - III
77
ii.) Receipt and payment account
State Water and Sanitation Mission _________
Receipt & Payment Accounts for the period 1st April, 20..to 31st March, 20..
Name of the scheme-Jal Jeevan Mission(Erstwhile NRDWP)
Signature of Competent Authority (Signature of Chartered Accountant with Seal)
Name in full Name in full ___________________________
Office seal Membership No. _______________________
Contact No. CAG Empanelment No. & Year
Contact No. ___________________________
Receipt
Amount
Payment
1. Opening Balance
i) Cash in Hand
ii) Cash at Bank
iii) Deposits at Division/Districts etc.
2. Receipt of Grants
i) Central Government
ii) State Government
iii) Other Agencies
3. Interest received from Banks
4. Refund of Advance / Loan/ Grant from
i) Implementing Agencies
ii) Any other agencies etc.
5. Miscellaneous
1. Advances given to
i) Implementing Agencies
ii) Any other agencies etc.
2. Expenditure incurred for the
purpose of approved work
undertaken under National Rural
Drinking Water Programme and/
or JJM;
NRDWP and/ or JJM (Normal
component) NWQSM
JE-AES
3. Audit Fees
4. Closing Balance
Amount
(Rs. in lakhs)
78
State Water and Sanitation Mission _________
Income & Expenditure Accounts for the period 1st April, 20..to 31st March, 20..
Name of the scheme- Jal Jeevan Mission (Erstwhile NRDWP)
Signature of Competent Authority (Signature of Chartered Accountant with Seal)
Name in full Name in full ___________________________
Office seal Membership No. _______________________
Contact No. CAG Empanelment No. & Year
iii.) Income and expenditure account
Expenditure
Amount
Income
1. Expenditure incurred for the purpose of
approved work undertaken under
National Rural Drinking Water
Programme;
NRDWP and/ or JJM (Normal component)
NWQSM
JE-AES
2. Audit Fees
3. Excess of Income over Expenditure
carried over to Balance sheet.
i) Cash in Hand
ii) Cash at Bank
iii) Deposits at Division/Districts etc.
2. Receipt of Grants
i) Central Government
ii) State Government
iii) Other Agencies
3. Interest received from Banks
4. Refund of Advance / Loan/ Grant from
i) Implementing Agencies
ii) Any other agencies etc.
5. Miscellaneous
Amount
1. Grants-in-Aid/ Subsidy
received from
(a) Central Govt.
(b) State Govt.
(c) Other Agencies
2. Interest received during the
year from the Bank Accounts
Received during the year
Add: Accrued during the year
Less: Related to previous year
3. Refund of unspent grants by
the Implementing Agencies
4. Miscellaneous Receipts
5. Excess Expenditure carried over
to Balance Sheet.
(Rs. in lakhs)
Annex - III
79
iv.) Balance sheet
State Water and Sanitation Mission _________
Balance Sheet as on 31st March, 20..
Name of the scheme- Jal Jeevan Mission (Erstwhile NRDWP)
Accumulated Fund
Opening Balance
Add/Deduct
Balance Transferred From Income & Expenditure Account
Current Liabilities
i.) Outstanding Expenses/Payables
ii.) Any other Liability
Capital fund requirement
Previous Year
Amount
Current Year
Amount
Total
Assets
Fixed Assets
(i) Vehicles
(ii) Furniture & fixtures
(iii) Office Equipment
(iv) Computers & Peripherals
(v) Others etc.
Current Assets & advances
(i) Stock
(ii) Temporary Transfer of Funds to other schemes recoverable
(iii) Closing Balance
(a) Cash in Hand
(b) Cash at Bank
(c) Account Receivables and Advances recoverable
(i) Implementing Agencies
(ii) Other Agencies
(iii) Staff
(iv) Suppliers etc.
Total
(Rs. in lakhs)
Signature of Competent Authority (Signature of Chartered Accountant with Seal)
Name in full Name in full ___________________________
Office seal Membership No. _______________________
Contact No. CAG Empanelment No. & Year
80
State Water and Sanitation Mission ________
This is to certify that following are the component wise breakup details of the funds received
under NRDWP and/ or JJM for the year.
Closing balance
Opening
Balance
Grants
Bank
Interest
Expenditure
Normal Component
(Coverage of FHTC)
NWQSM
JE-AES
Total
Signature of Competent Authority (Signature of Chartered Accountant with Seal)
Name in full Name in full ___________________________
Office seal Membership No. _______________________
Contact No. CAG Empanelment No. & Year
Contact No. ___________________________
Statement of Component wise break up of Receipts
Annex - III
81
v.) Notes Forming part of the Accounts
State Water and Sanitation Mission _________
Physical Output Jal Jeevan Mission (Erstwhile NRDWP) for the utilized funds as reported in the Income
and Expenditure Account:
Signature of Competent Authority (Signature of Chartered Accountant with Seal)
Name in full Name in full ___________________________
Office seal Membership No. _______________________
Contact No. CAG Empanelment No. & Year
Contact No.
Coverage of FHTC :
i. Handpumps
ii. Single village Piped Water Supply
schemes
- Surface sources
- Ground Water Sources
iii. Multi village Piped Water Supply
schemes
- Surface sources
- Ground Water Sources
iv. Others (dugwell, sanitary well)
v. Sustainability structures with
category etc.
vi. JE-AES
vii. NWQSM
viii. Others (if any)
Components of National Rural Drinking Water
Physical Output (in verifiable term)
82
vi) Auditor's Observations
State Water and Sanitation Mission _________
Name of the organization receiving grants:
S. No.
Issues
Observation of
the Auditor
1.
2.
3.
4.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
Opening Balance & Closing Balance of the Receipts and
Payments account tallies with that of Cash Book.
Opening Balance adopted tallies with Closing Balance of the last year
Whether grantee or other implementing agencies have diverted/ intertransferred
funds from one scheme to another Central Scheme or State funded Scheme
during the period in contravention to the existing guidelines? If so details thereof.
Are there any mis-utilisation/ unrelated expenditure and misappropriation of funds
by the grantee or other implementing agencies during the year? If so details thereof.
5.
There is only prescribed number of bank accounts for the scheme
6.
There does not exist any minus balance at any stage during the year.
Where the Sanction Order of the Ministry specifies certain conditions at the
time of release of funds, whether the same has been fulfilled.
Scheme funds are being kept only in savings account
Interest earned has been added to the scheme fund
Whether interest money is being utilized strictly for the programme
purposes as laid down in the existing guidelines
State share, as per programme guidelines, for the year has been
received during the year
All receipts/ refunds have been correctly accounted for and remitted in to the
Bank account of the scheme
Scheme funds are not being kept in the State Treasury
Bank Reconciliation is being done regularly
15.
Name and address of the previous Auditor.
Signature of Competent Authority (Signature of Chartered Accountant with Seal)
Name in full Name in full ___________________________
Office seal Membership No. _______________________
Contact No. CAG Empanelment No. & Year
Contact No.
Annex - III
83
i.) Purchase of land, vehicle, etc.
ii.) Centage charges
iii.) Construction/ Renovation/ Repair of building, office building, extension of building, conference hall, guest
house, residential building, etc.
iv.) Tender premium
v.) Diversion of fund from JJM schemes to State schemes
vi.) Expenditure beyond estimated/ approved cost of the schemes
vii.) Payment of salary to permanent employee
Annex - IV
Suggestive list of inadmissible expenses
84
Criteria for selection of Implementation
Support Agencies (ISAs)
Annex - V
SWSM will identify suitable ISAs through a transparent process who are working in the field of
i.) Drinking water and community management
ii.) Water quality
iii.) Rain water harvesting/ recharge, water resources management
iv.) Capacity building and awareness generation
v.) Public health engineering
vi.) Gender & water
The eligibility criteria for the ISAs would be
i.) A minimum 3 years experience as a registered organization for organizations under 4(a) including
organizations under Registration of Societies Act 1860, or a Public Trust registered under Indian
Trust Act 1982 or a corporation registered under Section 8 Companies Act. Or, experienced Self
Help Groups (SHGs) within districts;
ii.) the organization should be a not-for-profit organization or use its profits, if any, or other income
in promoting charitable objectives;
iii.) at least 3 years work experience in the aforementioned fields of the NGO chairpersons/ board/
or relevant authority who is proposed to lead the initiative;
iv.) experience of using Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) techniques and other communication
tools in community mobilization;
v.) last three years duly audited and properly maintained accounts and income tax return and
published Annual Report.
The selection process of ISAs would be as follows:
i.) The organizations wishing to get empanelled will get registered on JJM portal and SWSM will
adopt a transparent selection process for ISAs from the portal and empanel them for their State;
ii.) only such organizations having a good track record in the related fields may be considered and
preference may be given to ISAs with technical expertise of facilitating community-based rural
water supply.
Prerequisites of ISAs:
i.) Separate bank account to receive financial assistance will be opened by the organisation
ii.) Working in rural drinking water sector should reflect in their Memorandum of Association as one
of the activities
iii.) The organisation will be open to inspection by an officer/ third party agency authorized by the
Department.
85
Functionality Assessment
Annex - VI
1. DDWS, GoI will carry out functionality assessment of FHTCs
2. The survey will be done for a sample set of completed SVSs and MVSs as well as households which
are covered within these schemes.
3. Functionality of FHTCs will be assessed with following parameters:
I.) Quantity, quality and regularity of water supply through FHTCs:
i.) Whether sub-committee of Gram Panchayat has been constituted? If so, does the O&M
responsibility lie with thm?
ii.) Is water tariff being collected? If so, what's the mechanism in place?
iii.) Is there a borewell recharge structure? What are the other source sustainability measures?
iv.) Has provision been made for greywater management through waste stabilization pond or other
structures?
v.) Has provision been made for rain water harvesting?
Fully-functional Partially-functional
Non-functional
Quantity
>=55 lpcd >40 lpcd
<55 lpcd
<40 lpcd
Quantity
Potable Potable
Non potable
Regularity*
12 months or
daily basis
9-12 months
< daily basis
<9 months
< daily basis
86
Annex - VII
F.No. 55(5)/PF-II/2011
Ministry of Finance
Department of Expenditure
Plan Finance-ll Division
New Delhi,
th
dated 6 September, 2016
Office Memorandum
Subject: Guidelines for Flexi-Funds within Centrally Sponsored Schemes
1. Reference is invited to this Department OM of even no. dated 6"" January, 2014 on the subject mentioned
above. It was stipulated that the Central Ministries should provide 10% of their budget under each CSS as a
flexi-fund, except for schemes which emanate from a legislation or where the whole or a substantial
proportion of the budgetary allocation is flexible.
2. Based on the recommendations of the Sub-Group of Chief Ministers and consultations with stake holders, NITI
Aayog has issued instructions for Rationalization of CSS, vide OM No. O-11013/02/2015-CSS & CMC dated 17"
August, 2016. As per para 6 of the said OM, flexi-funds available in each CSS has been raised from the current
level of 10% to 25% for States, and 30% for UTs, of the overall annual allocation under each scheme.
3. These instructions will be applicable for Centrally Sponsored Schemes, except those which emanate from a
legislation (e.g. MGNREGA), or, schemes where the whole or a substantial proportion of the budgetary
allocation is flexible (e.g. Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojna, Border Area Development Program, Shyama Prasad
Mukherjee Rurban Mission etc.). The provisions of this Department's OM No.55(5)/PF-II/2011 dated 6"
January, 2014 ibid are substituted as follows:
Objectives
4. The flexi-fund component within the Centrally Sponsored Schemes can be used to achieve the following
objectives:
(i) To provide flexibility to States to meet local needs and requirements within the overall objective of any
given Scheme at the sub-head level;
(ii) To pilot innovation to improve efficiency within the overall objective of any given Scheme at the sub-
head level;
(iii) To undertake mitigation/ restoration activities in case of natural calamities, or to satisfy local
requirements in areas affected by internal security disturbances.
Fund Allocation and Approval
5. States may, if they so desire, set aside 25% of any Centrally Sponsored Scheme (including the central and
state share for any given scheme in a financial year) as flexi fund to be spent on any sub-scheme or
component or innovation that is in line with the overall aim and objectives of the approved Scheme.
6. The States, who want to avail of the flexi-fund facility, should constitute a State Level Sanctioning Committee
(SLSC) on the lines of RKVY to sanction projects or activities under the flexi-fund component. However,
participation of the concerned Central Ministry would be mandatory in the SLSC before the flexi-fund facility
is invoked under any Centrally Sponsored Scheme.
Guidelines for flexi-funds within
Centrally Sponsored Schemes
87
7. It may be noted that the Name, Acronym and the Logo are the core feature of any Centrally Sponsored
Scheme, which must be retained for the flexi fund component as well. If the States change any of these core
features, the central contribution will cease and the flexi fund component will become a purely state scheme.
Use of flexi-funds
8. The flexi-fund would continue to be part of the parent Centrally Sponsored Scheme. It may be operated at
the level of the Scheme, Sub-scheme and its Components, but not at the level of the Umbrella Program, for
example, flexi-funds can be spent on any sub-scheme or component, including creation of a new innovative
component, under the primary education scheme, but cannot be used to move primary education funds to
the higher education or to any other sector. However, it would be permissible to use flexi-funds to converge
different schemes under an umbrella program to improve efficiency and effectiveness of outcomes, for
example, nutrition mission can be used to converge anganwadi services with maternity benefits, and health
care networks can be used to provide a continuum of health care services across the primary, secondary and
tertiary levels.
9. It may also be noted that the purpose of flexi-funds is to enable the States to satisfy local needs and
undertake innovations in areas covered by the Centrally Sponsored Schemes. Elexi-funds should not be used
to substitute State's own schemes and project expenditures. It should also not be used for
construction/repair of offices/residences for government officials, general publicity, purchase of
vehicles/furniture for offices, distribution of consumer durables/non-durables, incentives/rewards for staff
and other unproductive expenditures.
Monitoring, Evaluation & Audit
10. Web-based reporting for the use of flexi-funds may be designed by adding modules to the existing MIS.
Outcomes (medium term) and outputs (short term) should be part of the MIS along with pictures/images
and good practices to ensure greater transparency and learning across States.
11. Evaluation of flexi-funds may be done through the existing evaluation mechanism, including those set by the
Ministries, NITI Aayog, or by independent third parties. Terms and conditions for evaluation may be designed
in such a manner that outcomes of the Scheme as a whole, as well as the flexi-funds are well identified and
measurable.
12. Flexi-funds within each CSS will be subject to the same audit requirements as the parent Centrally Sponsored
Scheme, including audit by the Comptroller & Auditor General.
13. These guidelines issue with the approval of the Finance Minister and come into force with immediate effect.
1. Secretaries, All Departments/Ministries, Government of India.
2. Chief Secretaries, All States/Union Territories.
88
Annex - VIII
Criteria for selection of third party inspection agencies:
i.) The firm/ agency/ institution should have a minimum of 5 years of experience of undertaking
inspection of project works relating to water supply and/ or civil infrastructure;
ii.) The firm should have monitored at least two projects;
iii.) The firm/agency should have multi-disciplinary engineering human resource in the field of civil/
mechanical/ electrical and environment;
iv.) The firm should have a minimum turnover of Rs 5 Crore.
ToR of third party inspection agencies:
1.) To carry out inspection of all engineering works relating to civil, mechanical and electrical components
executed under in-village infrastructure covering the following aspects
a. Sample checking of
i.) test report of the materials used for construction;
ii.) quality control measures adopted at the time of construction in the field;
iii.) safety measures adopted at the time of construction in the field;
iv.) payment for labour by the executing agency.
b. Quantity and quality of works executed as per the bill for payment claimed
c. Recommendations on the payment for the work executed.
d. Functioning of the in-village infrastructure during trial run
2.) To carry out inspection of all engineering works relating to civil, mechanical and electrical components
executed works executed other than in-village infrastructure (intake structures, treatment plants, intra
and inter district distribution network, balancing/ intermediate reservoirs, pumping and electrical
systems etc.,) covering the following aspects
a. Sample checking of
i.) test report of the materials used for construction;
ii.) quality control measures adopted at the time of construction in the field;
iii.) safety measures adopted at the time of construction in the field;
iv.) payment for labour by the executing agency.
b. Quantity and quality of works executed as per the bill for payment claimed
c. Recommendations on the payment for the work executed.
d. Functioning of the infrastructure during trial run
3.) Any other work as decided by the State Government/ UT Administration from the point of view of
third party inspection.
Suggested criteria for selection and
Terms of Reference (ToR) for third-party
inspection agencies to be empanelled by States
89
Guidelines for Posing, Implementation and
monitoring of EAPs
Annex - IX
No. 8/1/2019-BPC&T
Ministry of Finance
Department of Economic Affairs
(BPC&T Section)
Dated 25 November 2019
Subject: Guidelines for Posing, Implementaon and Monitoring of Externally Aided Projects (EAPs)
1. Department of Economic Affairs (DEA) funcons as the polical and administrave focal
point in India for all engagements (loans, credits, grants, technical assistance etc.) with Mullateral Agencies,
Bilateral Agi,ncies, and Internaonal Financial Instuons. External finance is received in the shape of
loans/credits/Official Development Assistance (ODA)/Technical Assistance (TA) from Mul_lateral
Development Banks (MDBs), Bilateral Agencies, and Internaonal Financial Instuons (!Fis). Project
proposals seeking external financial assistance received from Ministries/Departments in Government of
India as well as from State Governments are examined and processed by DEA, and then posed to the
agency/instuon concerned.
2. From me to me, DEA has issued guidelines pertaining to project proposals for external assistance in order
to streamline the processes involved and make the external funding more effecve. Reference is invited .to
thj_s Department's O.M.s No.3/3/2004-PMU dated May 9, 2005, No.3/6/2017-BPC & Tdated April 5, 2018,
and No. 3/9/2015-BPC&T dated May 17, 2018, vide which these guidelines were issued for posing,
implementaon and monitoring of EAPs. In supersession of the guidelines referred to above, the following
guidelines are issued in this regard:
3. Preparaon and Submission of Preliminary Project Report (PPR) - State Sector Projects: In case of State
Sector Projects, the State Government/Project Implementaon Authority (PIA) will submit a Preliminary
Project Report (PPR) online through the web portal of DEA developed for this purpose
[hp://eapdea.gov.in/ppr]. The web portal is funconal since 1st January 2019, and only proposals
submied online are considered for examinaon by DEA. The PPR so submied is to be verified/ endorsed
online by the nodal officer concerned of the State. The proposal needs to.be marked online by the nodal
officer (on the portal itself) to the line ministry concerned in the Government of India, and Naonal
Instuon for Transforming India (NIT!) Aayog. In case the acvies relate to the domain of more than one
central line ministry, the proposal should be marked to all such ministries. The central line ministries
concerned and NITI Aayog will examine the proposal and offer their recommendaons/comments and
upload the same on the web portal itself within 30 days of receipt of the proposal on the portal and mark to
the inistry/department/instuon concerned. If no comments are received within the spulated me
period, it will be assumed that the ministry/department/instuon concerned has no comments to offer.
4. State Sector Projects in North East Region: In case of State Sector Projects received from States in the North
East (NE) region, the State Government/Project Implementaon Authority (PIA). will submit the PPR online
through the web portal referred to earlier. The PPR so submied is to be verified/ endorsed online by the
nodal officer concerned of the State. The proposal needs to be marked online by the nodal officer to the line
ministry concerned in the Government of India, and NITI Aayog. In case the acvies relate to the domain of
more than one central line ministry, the proposal should be marked to all such ministries. In addion, the
proposal should also be marked to Ministry of Development of North Eastern Region (MDoNER), Ministry of
Home Affairs (MHA), and Ministry of External Affairs (MEA). The central ministries concerned and NITI Aayog
90
will examine the proposal and offer their recommendaons/comments and upload the same on the web
portal itself within 45 days of receipt of the proposal on the portal and mark to the ministry/
department/instuon concerned. If no comments are received within the spulated me period, it will be
assumed that the ministry/department/instuon concerned has no comments to offer. As the nodal
ministry for the NE region, it will be MDoNER's responsibility to ensure that comments from Central
ministries concerned as well as NITI Aayog, along with MDoNER's own comments, are received within the
spulated me.
5. Central Sector Projects: In case of Central Sector projects, Central Ministries/ Departments/PIA will submit
the Preliminary Project Report (PPR) online through the web portal referred to earlier. The PPR so submied
is to be verified/endorsed online by the nodal officer of the ministry/department. The proposal needs to be
marked online by the nodal officer to NITI Aayog. Comments/concurrence of NITI Aayog must be received
online within 30 days of receipt of the proposal on the portal. If no comments are received within the
spulated me period, it will be assumed that the NITI Aayog has no comments to offer.
6. The proposals seeking external financial assistance should generally be aligned with the developmental
priories of the State Government as well as Government of India. The development cooperaon
programmes/ Country Partnership Framework/ Country Partnership Strategy of the external mullateral
and bilateral funding agencies also aligned with the priories of Government. While processing the proposal
for external funding, a special emphasis is laid on "finance plus" elements of the project, as EAPs are not
viewed as merely meeng the financing needs.
7. The PPRs received only through the online mode with recommendaons/comments will be placed before
the Screening Commiee of the DEA. The projects which do not sasfy the criteria for posing the proposal for
external assistance would be rejected or returned by DEA, as the case may be.
8. Proposals from Union Territories
(I) Stand alone Projects of Union Territories with Legislature:
(i) The procedure for project approval, fund flow and administraon in UTs with Legislature will be similar
to the procedure followed in respect of EAPs of State Governments.
(ii) Concerned UT Government will submit the PPR, duly approved at its competent level (by its Cabinet, if
required) through the web portal referred to earlier. The PPR so submied is to be verified/ endorsed
online by the nodal officer concerned of the State. The proposal needs to be marked online by the nodal
officer (on the portal itself) to the line ministry concerned in the Government of India, and NITI Aayog. In
case the acvies relate to the domain of more than one central line ministry, the proposal should be
marked to all such ministries. The proposal would also be marked to MHA for informaon. The central
ministries concerned and NITI Aayog will examine the proposal and offer their recommendaons/
comments and upload the same on the web portal itself within 30 days of receipt of the proposal on the
portal and marked to the ministry/department/instuon concerned. If no comments are received
within the spulated me period, it will be assumed that the ministry/department/instuon
concerned has no comments to offer.
(iii) The Budget Division of DEA, on the advice of concerned Mullateral/ Bilateral Division in DEA, will
make necessary budget allocaon for such EAPs in the Demand for Grants of the respecve UT, in the
Expenditure Budget.
(iv) The fund flow for such standalone projects in UTs with Legislature will also be on back-to- back basis.
Since UTs with Legislature have their own Consolidated Fund, the receipts from external debt through
Central Government and repayments thereof will be reflected in the Public Debt of the respecve UT
Governments, as well.
(v) The monitoring of execuon of such projects shall be the responsibility of the concerned UT
Government. However, MHA will do administrave coordinaon, wherever required.
Annex - IX
91
(II) Stand alone Projects of Union Territories without Legislature:
(i) In case of UTs without Legislature, such UTs will submit the PPR on the web portal referred to above. The
PPR so submied is to be verified/ endorsed online by the nodal officer concerned of the MHA. The
proposal needs to be marked online by the nodal officer (on the portal itself) to the line ministry
concerned in the Government of India, and NIT! Aayog. In case the acvies relate to the domain of
more than one central line ministry, the proposal should be marked to all such ministries. The central
ministries concerned and NIT! Aayog will examine the proposal and offer their recommendaons/
comments and upload the same on the web portal itself within 30 days of receipt of the proposal on the
portal and marked to the ministry/department/instuon concerned. If no comments are received
within the spulated me period, it will be assumed that the ministry/department/instuon
concerned has no comments to offer. It will be the responsibility of MHA to ensure that comments from
Central ministries concerned as.well as NIT! Aayog, along with MHA's own comments, are received
within the spulated me.
(ii) MHA will subsequently take all necessary administrave approvals, including Standing Finance
Commiee (SFC)/ Expenditure Finance Commiee (EFG)/ Cabinet approval, based on details received
from the line Ministries.
(iii) The Budget Division of DEA, on the advice of the concerned Division of DEA / office of Controller of Aid,
Accounts and Audit (CAAA), will make the necessary budgetary allocaon for such EAPs in the Demand
for Grants of the respecve UT, in the Expenditure Budget.
(iv) UTs without Legislature do not have a separate Consolidated Fund. Their revenues flow into the
Consolidated Fund of India (CFI), and their expenditures are also met out of the CFI, through the
funconal Major Heads. Therefore, the funds raised on account of EAPs of UTs without Legislature will
flow through Union Government Accounts and will be counted in the Central Government debt.
(v) The execuon/ implementaon of such projects shall be monitored by the concerned line Ministry.
However, MHA will be responsible for overall coordinaon and administrave supervision of such
proposals.
(III) EAP Projects in UTs with or without Legislature for Mul-State/Central Sector
(i) Concerned UTs with legislature will propose their requirements directly to the concerned line Ministries,
keeping MHA informed. UTs without legislature will propose their requirements to the line Ministry
through MHA.
(ii) Concerned line Ministry will prepare, pose and get approval for such Mul State/ Central Sector project,
with UT's component following the exisng process.
(iii) Budget provision in context of such schemes will be provided in the Demands for Grants of line Ministry/
Department under the funconal Major Heads in respect of UTs without legislature and under the Major
Head '3602- Grants-in-aid for UT Governments with legislature' in respect of UTs with Legislature.
9. Submission of Detailed Project Reports (DPRs): Upon approval of the proposal by the Screening Commiee
of DEA, the State Governments/UTs should submit the Detailed Project Report (DPR),.duly approved by the
competent authority, to the line ministry and the funding agency cit the earliest. In case of Central Sector
projects, the DPR should be submied by the Ministry/Department concerned with the funding agency. The
Detailed Project Report should adequately reflect the strategic elements of techno-economic (economic
viability, social cost benefit, value addion, etc.), ecological (land use, ecological sustainability etc.), socio-
cultural (target populaon and gender maers, parcipaon, social impact, etc.) and instuonal
(instuonal and organizaonal analysis, capacity building, training etc.) dimensions in the project design in
measurable terms.
It should be in accordance with the generic structure as suggested in Department of Expenditure's O.M.
No.1(2)-PF-11/03 dated 7th May, 2003. An objecve oriented project design in a matrix format along with
92
work plan, cost and me schedule indicang target/output, cash flow statement etc. should also be a part of
DPR. An indicave outline of above matrix is aached for guidance (Annexure).
10. Counterpart Funding & Budget provisions: State Governments/Central Ministry concerned need to ensure
that counterpart funds for the project, wherever applicable, are made. They also need to ensure that
adequate budgetary provisions are made for EAPs. Necessary instrucons issued in this regard vide D.O.
leers No. 5/1/99-FB-II dated 12th May, 1999 and No. 12/24/94-EFC (Coord.) dated 20th September, 1994
may be referred to (copies enclosed).
11. Technical Assistance Proposals: All proposals for Technical Assistance (TA) grant or lending TA will also be
submied by PIAs/State Governments/Central Ministry concerned in the format prescribed for loan/credit
(PPR) and submit the same online through the portal. Proposals seeking Transacon Advisory Services from
MDBs/lFls/Bilateral agencies should also follow the same paern.
12. Other Procedural Requirements: The EAP should be processed for seeking approval of the EFC/ Public
Investment Board (PIB), as the case may be, immediately aer the appraisal is completed by the external
funding agency and before negoaons are undertaken. It would also be necessary to obtain the approval of
the competent authority for the project. Financial Advisers of the concerned Ministries/Departments may
iniate mely acon for seeking approval of EFC/PIB on a fast track basis and they may also iniate mely
acon for seeking approval of EFC/PIB for the schemes/ project immediately aer lapse of four weeks of the
circulaon of EFC/PIB Memo. Detailed instrucon may be seen in the Department of Expenditure's circulars
No: 1(1) PF.11/2011 dated 31st March, 2014.
13. If the project proposal is to be implemented under a 'reform programme, or reforms are , to be brought in
through modifying framework condions (e.g. introducon/abolion/reducon, _user charges, recovery of
O&M cost, providing of incenve/subsidy, rehabilitaon schemes, etc.) for creang an enabling environment
for implementaon of the project, such measures should be completed before the project is sent to
Department of Economic Affairs. The project proposal should indicate the role of other organizaons (such
as NGOs, voluntary organizaons/civil sociees) in the project implementaon, and their accountability. It
should also indicate organizaonal/ instuonal set up (ownership) of the project on its compleon, for
ensuring its sustainability.
14. For all externally aided projects, a project implementaon team should be established and it should be held
fully responsible for the project execuon within the approved me and cost. The team should not have any
concurrent responsibility and its connuity during the project implementaon period must be ensured. It
may also be ensured that appropriate training to the Project team is imparted before the implementaon of
the Project. The EFC/PIB memo should bring this out clearly. No project would be considered without such
arrangements being clearly established.
15. Proposal for external assistance shall not be sent directly by any Central Ministry or State Government to the
bilateral or mullateral funding agencies. The terms and condions of the external assistance should not be
negoated with the external funding agencies except through Department of Economic Affairs. State
Governments I Central Ministries are, therefore, requested to follow the procedure set out above for seeking
external financial assistance/technical assistance from MDBs/lFls/bilateral agencies.
16. Monitoring and Evaluaon: Project authories shall improve monitoring of the projects by including
comprehensive evaluaon of the project, both of performance and impact, in the project design itself.
Evaluaon arrangements for the project, whether concurrent, mid- term or post-project should be spelt out
in the project proposal. Concurrent evaluaon shouldfocus on in-depth reflecon at a point considered
significant in the project cycle / programme.
This could be at the end of a work phase or whenever special circumstances demand or at the closure of the
project. Evaluaon may be carried out by expert agencies if it is commensurate with _ the cost and
objecves. Best pracces adopted by external funding agencies with respect to concurrent evaluaon of
projects may be adopted.
Annex - IX
93
17. Project authories are expected to submit (a) project compleon report on the physical-financial parameters
and (b) evaluaon report on the project objecve achievement parameters aer compleon of the project.
Two or three years aer compleon of the project, an Impact Assessment Study may also be conducted on
selected project, preferably by reputed neutral instuon or organizaon to ascertain the actual
achievement and retenon of project objecves vis-a-vis the targeted project objecves. Such long-term
impact evaluaon is expected to help create a shelf of projects with high impact-retenon which should be
encouraged and replicated, and the negave shelf of projects which were poor in aaining stated objecves,
may be improved. The responsibility of monitoring and evaluaon of Central Sector Projects will lie with the
concerned central sectoral Ministry/ Department. In case of State/ UT sector projects, the concerned
State/UT will be responsible for carrying out the monitoring and evaluaon of projects.
(Rajat Kumar Mishra)
Joint Secretary to the Govt. of India
Tele: 011 23094818
To,
1) Secretaries of all Central Ministries/Departments
2) Chief Secretaries of all State Governments/ Uts
3) CEO, NITI Aayog
3) Divisional Heads of all Credit Divisions in DEA
94
Procedure for Externally Aided Projects
An outline of Matrix
Strategy
Indicators
Sources/ Means of
Verification
Assumptions/ Risks
Goal
(Linked up with a Government
priority/ Programme/ policy)
Outputs/ Results
Goods/ services/ materials/ expected
changes, the target population will get,
which they can not achieve on their
own without intervention of the project
Activities
(Tasks/ actions to be carried out by the
utilizing resources, viz. human,
financial, equipment etc.)
Inputs/ Costs
Annex - IX
95
Department of Expenditure
OM No:1(2) – dated 7th May, 2003
Generic structure of the DPR
(i) Context/ background: This secon should provide a brief descripon of the sector/ sub-sector, the naonal
priority, strategy and policy framework as well as a brief descripon of the exisng situaon.
(ii) Problems to be addressed: This secon should elaborate the problems to be addressed through the
project/ scheme at the local/ regional/ naonal level, as the case may be. Evidence regarding the nature and
magnitude of the problems should be presented, supported by the baseline data/ surveys/ reports. Clear
evidence should be available regarding the nature and magnitude of the problems to be addressed.
(iii) Project Objecves: This secon should indicate the Development Objecves proposed to be achieved,
ranked in order of importance. The deliverables/ outputs for each Development Objecve should be spelt
out clearly. This secon should also provide a general descripon of the project.
(iv) Target beneficiaries: There should be clear idenficaon of the target beneficiaries. Stakeholder analysis
should be undertaken, including consultaon with stakeholders at the me of project formulaon. Opons
regarding cost sharing and beneficiary parcipaon should be explored and incorporated in the project.
Impact of the project on weaker secons of the society, posive or negave, should be assessed and
remedial steps suggested in case of adverse impact.
(v) Project strategy: This secon should present an analysis of alternave strategies available to achieve the
Development Objecves. Reasons for selecng the proposed strategy should be brought out. Involvement
of NGOs should be considered. Basis for priorizaon of locaons should be indicated (where relevant).
Opons and opportunity for leveraging government funds through public-private partnership must be
given priority and explored in depth.
(vi) Legal Framework: This sector should present the legal framework within which the project will be
implemented and strengths and weakness of the legal framework in so far as it impacts on achievement of
project objecves.
(vii) Environmental impact assessment: Environmental impact assessment should be undertaken, wherever
required and measures idenfied to migate adverse impact, if any. Issues relang to land acquision,
diversion of forest land, rehabilitaon and reselement should be addressed in this secon.
(viii) On-going iniaves: This secon should provide a descripon of ongoing iniaves and the manner in
which duplicaon will be avoided and synergy created through the proposed project.
(ix) Technology issues: This secon should elaborate on technology choices, if any, evaluaon of opons, as
well as the basis for choice of technology for the proposed project.
(x) Management arrangements: Responsibilies of different agencies for project management and
implementaon should be elaborated. The organizaon structure at various levels as well as monitoring
and coordinaon arrangements should be spelt out.
(xi) Means of Finance and Project Budget: This secon should focus on means of finance, evaluaon of
opons. project budget, cost esmated and phasing of expenditure. Opons for cost sharing and cost
recover (user charges) should be considered and built into the total project cost. Infrastructure projects
may be assessed on the based on the cost of debt finance and tenor of debt. Opons for raising funds
through private sector parcipaon should be considered and built into project cost.
96
(xii) Time Frame: This secon should indicate the proposed 'Zero' date for commencement and provide a PERT,
CPM chart, wherever relevant.
(xiii) Risk analysis: This secon should focus on idenficaon and assessment of project risks and how these are
proposed to be migated. Risk analysis could include legal/ contractual risks, environmental risks, revenue
risks, project management risks, regulatory risks, etc.
(xiv) Evaluaon: This secon should focus on lessons learnt from evaluaon of similar projects implemented in
the past. Evaluaon arrangements for the project, whether concurrent, mid-term or post project should be
spelt out. It may be noted that connuaon of projects/ schemes from one Plan period to another will not
be permissible without an independent, in depth evaluaon being undertaken.
(xv) Success criteria: Success criteria to assess whether the Development Objecves have been achieved
should be spelt out in measurable terms. Base-line data should be available against which success of the
project will be assessed at the end of the project (Impact assessment). In this regard, it is essenal that base-
line surveys be undertaken in case of large, beneficiary-oriented projects.
Success criteria for each Deliverable/ Output of the project should also be specified in measurable terms to
assess achievement against proximate goals.
(xvi) Financial and economic analysis: Financial and economic analysis of the project may be undertaken where
the financial returns are quanfiable. This analysis would generally be required for investment and
infrastructure projects, but may not always be feasible for social sector projects where the benefits cannot
be easily quanfied.
(xvii) Sustainability: Issues relang to sustainability, including stakeholder commitment, operaon and
maintenance of assets aer project compleon, and other related issues should be addressed in this
secon.
Note: Requirements of the EFC/PIB format may also be kept in view while preparing the DPR.
Annex - IX
97
Village Action Plan (VAP)
Annex - XA
To identify all water related activities which helps in improving 'ease of living' of village community.
(To be prepared by GP and/ or its sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User Group etc. and to be approved in
Gram Sabha before submitting to DWSM. ISA is to provide handhold support)
1. Date of preparation:_____________________________________________________________________
Date of approval in :____________________________________________________________Gram Sabha
Date submitted to DWSM:_________________________________________________________________
2. Village name: __________________________________________________________________________
GP name: ______________________________________________________________________________
Block name: ____________________________________________________________________________
District name: __________________________________________________________________________
State name: ____________________________________________________________________________
Village census code: _____________________________________________________________________
(No. of habitations and habitation names, if applicable)
I. GP Resolution
3. Aspiration of village community: FHTC to ______ number of rural households by year ________ with water
supply in adequate quantity of ___ lpcd of prescribed quality* on a regular basis, i.e. _____ no. of hours
everyday alongwith water supply to ____ no. of cattle troughs and ____ no. of washing/ bathing blocks.
We, the village community, take the responsibility to own, manage, operate and maintain our in-village water
supply infrastructure. We will respect and protect our water bodies and will not contaminate them. We will
manage our greywater and save our fresh water.
It is resolved to pay ___ % of capital cost, calculated share of O&M cost and contribute in managing water
supply system.
*water quality certificate to be issued by PHED/ RWS Dept.
II. Gram Panchayat and/ or its sub-committee, i.e VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User Group etc. details
4. Which committee will lead the planning, implementation, management, O&M of water supply scheme in
village? (GP and/ or its sub-committee): _____________________________________________________
what is the committee called: _____________________________________________________________
Chairperson name: _____________________________________________________________________
Gender: ______________________________________________________________________________
Age: _________________________________________________________________________________
5.
Member name
Gender
Age
98
III. General details
6.
As per 2011 Census:
population: _______________________________
No. of HHs: ______________________________
No. of women: ____________________________
No. of men: _______________________________
No. of children: ____________________________
No. of FHTCs: ______________________________
As per current Panchayat/ Anganwadi records:
current population: __________________________
No. of HHs: ________________________________
No. of women: _____________________________
No. of men: ________________________________
No. of children: _____________________________
No. of FHTCs: _______________________________
7. Population projection:
Intermediate stage -15 years from date (18% increase over present population ): ____Kilo Litre/ Day (KLD)
Ultimate stage - 30 years from date (32% increase over present population ): ____Kilo Litre/ Day (KLD)
8. Current cattle population (Animal husbandry records): ________________
9. Agricultural cropping pattern: _____________________
Major crops
Kharif
Rabi
Sugarcane
Paddy
Maize
Cotton
Wheat
Other
10. Average district rainfall (in mm): _______________________________________________
11. Topography (plain, slope, etc.): _______________________________________________
IV. Situation Analysis
12. Is resource mapping done? (Y/N)
(attach the map with VAP)
13. Is social mapping done? (Y/N)
(attach the map with VAP)
Public Institutions Name
Is FHTC
available? (Y/ N)
Is Rain Water Harvesting
structure available? (Y/ N)
soak pits
available? (Y/ N)
School
Anganwadi
S. No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Health Centre
GP building
other
14.
Annex - XA
99
Total daily requirement of water
n
15. present requirement of water - pop X rate: ________ KLD
present requirement of water for cattle: _______ KLD
No. of cattle troughs required: ________
n
requirement of water for intermediate stage - pop X rate: ________ KLD
n
requirement of water for ultimate stage - pop X rate: ____________ KLD
History of water supply
16. history of water supply/ availability in the village, drought/ scarcity/ cyclone/ flood or any other natural
calamity pattern, general trend of water availability:
17. any history of emergency arrangements like water supply through tanks, trains, etc.:
18. history of part work related to water supply, source strengthening,
19. history of water-borne diseases:
Water quality
20. Dates identified for WQ surveillance with community using FTKs/ vials: ________
21. Dates identified for sanitary inspection: _____________
22. water quality of existing/ proposed drinking water source(s) used in the water supply scheme:source
name (location): ___________
Parameter
Method Result
Turbidity
pH
Total Hardness
Total Alkalinity
Chloride
Ammonia
Phosphate
Residual Chlorine
Iron
Nitrate
Fluoride
Arsenic (in hotspots)
visual comparison
strip colour comparison
titrimetric method
titrimetric method
titrimetric method
visual colour comparison
visual colour comparison
visual colour comparison
visual colour comparison
visual colour comparison
visual colour comparison
visual colour comparison
Washing/ bathing blocks
23. Some poor areas in the village might not have sufficient space to have a washing space and/ or a tap
connection. Number of such areas identified to have a washing/ bathing block: _______________
Location name
No. of Households
Population
100
Source Sustainability
24. In case of groundwater source, is there a borewell recharge structure? (Y/N)
25. List of existing water bodies in the village that need to be rejuvenated/ mainted:
Greywater management
26. Greywater generated (65% of water supply): ___________ KLD
No. of HHs with individual soak pits: _____
No. of HHs that need individual soak pits: _______
No. of community soak pits needed:: _________
Is there a need for waste stabilization pond? (Y/N): ________
If Yes, location identified for it: ______________
If No, what other greywater management measures to be adopted? ________________
V. Water Supply Scheme
27. FHTCs will be provided under which of the following category:
Ÿ retrofitting of ongoing schemes taken up under erstwhile NRDWP for the last mile connectivity
Ÿ retrofitting of completed RWS to make it JJM compliant
Ÿ SVS in villages having adequate groundwater/ spring water/ local or surface water source of prescribed
quality
Ÿ SVS in villages having adequate groundwater that needs treatment
Ÿ MVS with water grids/ regional water supply schemes
Ÿ mini solar power based PWS in isolated/ tribal hamlets
28. Water source identified: _____________________________Proposed water supply scheme based on
techno-economic and socio-economic appraisal: ____________________________________________
Land identified for the scheme: _________________________________________________________
Date by when land will be handed over to PHED/ RWS Dept.: _______________________________cost of
scheme:_____________________ GoI share:____________ State share: ___________________
Community share: __________________________________________ Individual household contribution:
_________________Annual O&M charges: ___________________Individual household monthly water
tariff/ user charge:______________________________________________If any remote habitations, PWS
identified:___________________
VI. Convergence
(The following table indicates the possible schemes under which activity/ fund convergence is possible.
Village community is to send proposals to the identified schemes as per village requirements)
Name of the Scheme
Central/ State
Government Department
Possible activities that
can be taken up
Funds
proposed
Fourteenth Finance
Commission
GP Greywater management,
drainage systems, etc.
Swachh Bharat
Mission - Grameen
(SBM-G)
Department of Drinking Water
and Sanitation, M/o Jal Shakti
Greywater management –
soak pits (individual/ community),
waste stabilization ponds, etc.
MGNREGS
M/o Rural Development
All water conservation activities
under Natural Resource
Management (NRM) component
29.
Annex - XA
101
Name of the Scheme
Central/ State
Government Department
Possible activities that
can be taken up
Funds
proposed
Integrated watershed
Management
Programme (IWMP)
D/o Land Resources Watershed management/
RWH/ artificial recharge,
creation/ augmentation of
water bodies, etc.
Repair, Renovation and
Restoration of
water bodies
D/o Water Resources, River
Development and Ganga
Rejuvenation
Restoration of larger
water bodies
Rashtriya Krishi
Vikas Yojana (RKVY)
M/o Agriculture, Cooperation
and Farmers Welfare
Watershed related works
Pradhan Mantri
Krishi Sinchayee
Yojana (PMKSY)
M/o Agriculture, Cooperation
and Farmers Welfare
Provision of micro-irrigation
for various water-intensive
crops to reduce drawl of water
from aquifers
Compensatory
Afforestation fund
Management and
Planning Authority
M/o Environment,
Forests and
Climate Change
Afforestation, regeneration
of forest ecosystem,
watershed development, etc.
Pradhan Mantri Kaushal
Vikas Yojana (PMKVY)
M/o Skill Development and
Entrepreneurship
Skill development, training,
etc. for human resources
required for RWS schemes
Samagra Shiksha
M/o Human Resource
Development
Provision of drinking
water supply in schools
Water conservation activities
taken up under discretionary
funds with District Collector
Aspirational districts
programme
NITI Aayog
District Mineral
Development Fund (DMF)
State
Water conservation activities
on large scale
MPLAD
Ministry of Statistics
and Programme
Implementation (MoSPI)
In-village infrastructure
MLALAD State
In-village infrastructure
Grants under Article 275
(1) of the Constitution/
Tribal Sub Scheme (TSS)
In-village infrastructureMinistry of Tribal Affairs
and State
Donors/ sponsors
102
Signature of chairperson:_________
Name & signature of PHED/ RWS Dept. official: _______________
Name & signature of ISA representative (if applicable):_______________
Contact Details
GP and/ or its sub-committee, i.e. VWSC/ Paani Samiti/ User Group, etc. chairperson:
Panchayat Secretary name and phone number:
Barefoot technician name and phone number:
Five women to ensure water quality surveillance, names and phone numbers:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Pump operator name and phone number:
Annex - XA
103
District Action Plan (DAP)
Annex - XB
District Water and Sanitaon Mission is responsible for preparaon and finalizaon of DAP. The plan would be
based on aggregaon of all Village Acon Plans prepared in the district. The plan, apart from giving the road-map
to achieve the FHTCs within 2024, would also include the long term drinking water security of the district. For this,
it would prepare a district annual water budget based on the quantum of surface and groundwater available,
water available from long distance water transfer and assess the uses by domesc, agriculture, industrial, etc. It
would also contain details of water conservaon acvies to be taken to ensure drinking water security by
augmenng surface sources by rejuvenaon and restoraon of water bodies and recharging the groundwater
aquifers.
The plan would also focus on capacity building of all stakeholders by training them, organizing workshops/
seminars/ symposia's at district level, exchange visits to other districts, etc.. A suggested format for preparaon
of the plan is given below.
S. No.
Name of the component
Remarks
I
General
i.) Name of the district
ii.) Full contact details of Collector/ DM, CEO of District Panchayat and Execuve
Engineer in-charge of Rural Water Supply with mobile numbers and email ids. In
case mulple departments are involved in rural water supply, provide contact
details of all district level officials from these departments.
iii.) No. of Blocks
iv.) No. of GPs
v.) No. of census coded revenue villages
vi.) Total no. of households in the villages
vii.) No. of villages to be included under Jal Jeevan Mission
viii.) No. of households already having FHTCs
ix) Balance FHTCs required to be provided by March 2024
II
District water security.
a. Whether district water budget has been prepared?
b. On the basis of the water budget, whether availability of water is sufficient to ensure
drinking water security for the enre year?
c. Conservaon efforts required to be undertaken for achieving water security –
groundwater recharge, rain water harvesng, surface water source augmentaon
through restoraon/ rejuvenaon of water bodies in the districts, grey water
management etc.
d. Proposed acon plan for water conservaon and idenfying funds for the same.
e. Year-wise details of works to be undertaken and along with idenfied funding
sources.
104
V
Land required for implementaon of Jal Jeevan Mission
a. Total extent of land required under JJM in hectare
b. Total Government/ Panchayat land available for use under JJM in hectare
c. Total land required to be acquired (give quarterly plan staring from Jan-March 2019
quarter))
d. No. of schemes for which clear land is available for construcon.
e. No. of schemes where land is ready to be handed over for contrucon.
S. No.
Name of the component
Remarks
III
Quarterly and Annual Acon Plan for providing FHTCs As per the
aggregated
VAPs
Provision of FHTCs (in numbers)
First Quarter
Second Quarter
Third quarter
Fourth quarter
Total
Quarter 2019-
20
2020-
21
2021-
22
2022-
23
2023-
24
Total
IV
Quarterly and Annual Financial Acon Plan for providing FHTCs As per the
aggregated
VAPs
Provision of FHTCs in the rural areas (in Rs crores)
First Quarter
Second Quarter
Third quarter
Fourth quarter
Total
Quarter 2019-
20
2020-
21
2021-
22
2022-
23
2023-
24
Total
The funding requirement would also cover for undertaking grey water
management and source sustainability through convergence.
VI
Human resources required
1. Number of Departmental Officers posts required to be filled up for implemenng
the JJM at various levels and total up to 2023-24. Give sanconed filled and vacant
details for all posions.
2. No. of persons with mul-disciplinary experience required for DPMU
3. Capacity building of Sarpanches/ VWSC members/ NGOs/ SHGs at district level –
idenfy the approximate number, funds required, its sources, year-wise training
proposed etc.
4. No. of capacity building training programme required for 1 and 2 above. Give yearly
plan.(Training plan)
5. Year-wise Plan for conducng workshop/ seminar/ symposia/ exchange visit
programme
Annex - XB
105
S. No.
Name of the component
Remarks
VII
Idenficaon of water sources in villages and works$ required to be taken up.
To be
prepared
based on
VAP.
Minimum
service
level is 55
lpcd within
the
household.
Type of source
S. No.
No. of villages
to be covered
No. of FHTCs
to be provided
A. Retrofied PWS schemes - exisng funconal
schemes having stand posts and/ or paral
FHTCs and includes schemes that require
renovaon.
Source is adequate. Retrofing required.
a. No. of Groundwater based scheme
b. No. of Surface water based scheme
c. No.of Surface water from outside village as
part of regional scheme/ bulk water transfer -
Exisng schemes
1
Augmentaon and retrofing based on
a. No. of Local groundwater source.
b. No. of Surface water source
c. No.of Surface water from outside village as
part of regional scheme/ bulk water transfer
2
Other types of schemes
3
Sub-Total Total A
B. New Schemes
Surface water from outside village as part of
regional scheme/ bulk water transfer.*(No.s)
4
No. of Groundwater based scheme*
5
No. of Local surface water based scheme*
6
No. of Schemes based on conjuncve use of
surface, ground and rain water
7
No. of Groundwater based schemes with in-situ
treatment using community water purificaon
plants and providing 55 lpcd.
8
No. of Exisng CWPP schemes having
5-8 lpcd needing new scheme to provide FHTCs.
9
No. of schemes for households in scaered/
hilly/ hot and cold deserts/ far flung areas away
from villages where providing FHTCs is
uneconomical and requiring local soluon/
technological intervenon.
10
Give number
of standposts
& households
to be covered
here instead
of FHTCs here.
106
S. No.
Name of the component
Remarks
No. of other type of schemes (specify)
11
* These schemes would also cover the exisng
hand pump bases water supply schemes.
Sub-total B
Grand total (A + B)
$ Please provide an inventory of exisng assets in the district that can be used under JJM. It
is pernent to menon that aer assessing the current status of the exisng assets for their
opmum ulizaon only, new assets need to be proposed/ taken up for construcon.
VIII
Requirement of Implementaon Support Agencies (ISAs)
a. No. of villages in the district that require ISAs
b. No. of villages in the district that has strong VWSCs and does not require ISAs
c. No. of villages covered by a single ISA
d. Quarter-wise proposed deployment details of ISAs
Deployment of ISAs in the rural areas
First Quarter
Second Quarter
Third quarter
Fourth quarter
Total
Quarter 2019-
20
2020-
21
2021-
22
2022-
23
2023-
24
Total
IX
IEC Acvies
a. No. of agencies required for undertaking IEC in the district.
b. Details of proposed deployment of agencies for IEC acvies in villages.
Deployment of ISAs in the rural areas
First Quarter
Second Quarter
Third quarter
Fourth quarter
Total
Quarter 2019-
20
2020-
21
2021-
22
2022-
23
2023-
24
Total
c. Explain the strategy for IEC covering like radio jingles, street plays, wall painngs,
pamphlets, etc.
Annex - XB
107
S. No.
Name of the component
Remarks
X
Water Quality labs.
a. No. of water quality labs in the district.
b. Year-wise number of labs proposed to be NABL cerfied.
c. How water quality tesng is planned to be undertaken for all sources. Please
menon how exisng colleges (engineering/ science) are proposed to be roped in
and exploring PPP model WQ tesng both to be adopted based on State level
mechanism for the same.
d. Plan for WQMS at district level.
XI
Operaon and Maintenance (O&M) at district level for all schemes.
a. Total O&M cost for rural water supply
i.) Energy costs
ii.) Prevenve maintenance cost
iii.) Breakdown maintenance cost
iv.) Payment for O&M staff
v.) Water quality tesng
vi.) Other O&M charges
Total
b. Water tariff proposed to be adopted.
c. Whether water tariff proposed to be collected is enough to cover the O&M charges?
d. If no for above, how it is proposed to be met?
e. Exisng O&M funds allocaon in Rs lakhs per annum
XII
Menon the grievance redressal mechanism proposed to be adopted (to be in
alignment with State policy on this).
108
State Action Plan
Annex - XC
State Water and Sanitation Mission is responsible for preparation and finalization of SAP which would be
approved by the NJJM. The plan would be based on aggregation of all districtAction Plans prepared in the
State. The plan, apart from giving the road-map to achieve the FHTCs within 2024, would also include the
long term drinking water security of the State. For this, it would prepare a State annual water budget based
on the quantum of surface and groundwater available, water available from long distance water transfer
from outside the State if any (like Krishna water waters for Tamilnadu, Indira Gandhi Canal in Rajasthan),
regional water tyransfers planned within the State, innovative/ technological interventions for scattered/
hilly/ difficult terrain areas etc. and assess the domestic, agriculture, industrial, etc water uses. It would also
contain details of water conservation activities to be taken to ensure drinking water security by augmenting
surface sources by rejuvenation and restoration of water bodies and recharging the groundwater aquifers.
The plan would also focus on capacity building of all stakeholders by training them, organizing workshops/
seminars/ symposia's at State level, exchange visits to other States, etc.. A suggested format for preparation
of the plan is given below.
S. No.
Name of the component
Remarks
I
General
i.) Name of the State
ii.) Full contact details of Principal Secretary/ Officer heading the SWSM/ Engineer-in
–Chief/ Chief Engineer of Rural Water Supply with mobile numbers and email ids.
In case mulple departments are involved in rural water supply, provide contact
details of all State level officials from these departments.
iii.) No. of districts
iv.) No. of Blocks
v.) No. of GPs
vi.) No. of census coded revenue villages
vii.) Total no. of households in the villages.
viii.) No. of villages to be included under Jal Jeevan Mission
ix.) No. of households already having FHTCs
x.) Balance FHTCs required to be provided by March 2024
II
State water security.
a. Whether State water budget has been prepared?
b. On the basis of the water budget, whether availability of water is sufficient to
ensure drinking water security for the enre year?
c. Conservaon efforts required to be undertaken for achieving water security –
groundwater recharge, rain water harvesng, surface water source augmentaon
through restoraon/ rejuvenaon of water bodies in the districts, grey water
management etc.
d. Proposed acon plan for water conservaon and idenfying funds for the same.
e. Year-wise details of works to be undertaken and along with idenfied funding sources.
109
S. No.
Name of the component
Remarks
III
Quarterly and Annual Acon Plan for providing FHTCs As per the
aggregated
DAPs
Provision of FHTCs (in numbers)
First Quarter
Second Quarter
Third quarter
Fourth quarter
Total
Quarter 2019-
20
2020-
21
2021-
22
2022-
23
2023-
24
Total
IV
Quarterly and Annual Financial Acon Plan for providing FHTCs As per the
aggregated
DAPs
Provision of FHTCs in the rural areas (in Rs crores)
First Quarter
Second Quarter
Third quarter
Fourth quarter
Total
Quarter 2019-
20
2020-
21
2021-
22
2022-
23
2023-
24
Total
The funding requirement would also cover for undertaking grey water management
and source sustainability through convergence.
IV
Land required for implementaon of Jal Jeevan Mission
a. Total extent of land required under JJM in hectare
b. Total Government/ Panchayat land available for use under JJM in hectare
c. Total land required to be acquired (give quarterly plan staring from Jan-March 2019
quarter))
d. No. of schemes for which clear land is available for construcon.
e. No. of schemes where land is ready to be handed over for construcon.
V
Human resources required
1. Number of Departmental Officers posts required to be filled up for implemenng
the JJM at various levels and total up to 2023-24. Give sanconed filled and vacant
details for all posions.
2. No. of persons with mul-disciplinary experience required for SPMU
3. Capacity building of Sarpanches/ VWSC members/ NGOs/ SHGs at State level –
idenfy the approximate number, funds required, its sources, year-wise training
proposed etc.
4. No. of capacity building training programme required for 1 to 3 above. Give yearly
plan.(Training plan)
5. Year-wise Plan for conducng workshop/ seminar/ symposia/ exchange visit
programme at State level.
110
S. No.
Name of the component
Remarks
VII
Idenficaon of water sources in villages and works$ required to be taken up.
To be
prepared
based on
DAP.
Minimum
service
level is
55 lpcd
within the
household.
Type of source
S. No.
No. of villages
to be covered
No. of FHTCs
to be provided
A. Retrofied PWS schemes - exisng funconal
schemes having stand posts and/ or paral
FHTCs and includes schemes that require
renovaon.
Source is adequate. Retrofing required.
a. Groundwater based scheme
b. Surface water based scheme
c. Surface water from outside village as part of
regional scheme/ bulk water transfer -
Exisng schemes
1
Augmentaon and retrofing based on
a. Local groundwater source.
b. Surface water source
c. Surface water from outside village as part of
regional scheme/ bulk water transfer
2
Other types of schemes
3
Sub-Total Total A
B. New Schemes
Surface water from outside village as part of
regional scheme/ bulk water transfer.*
4
Groundwater based scheme*
5
Local surface water based scheme*
6
Schemes based on conjuncve use of surface,
ground and rain water
7
Groundwater based schemes with in-situ
treatment using community water purificaon
plants and providing 55 lpcd.
8
Exisng CWPP schemes having 5-8 lpcd
needing new scheme to provide FHTCs.
9
Schemes for households in scaered/ hilly/
hot and cold deserts/ far flung areas away
from villages where providing FHTCs is
uneconomical and requiring local soluon/
technological intervenon.
10
Give number
of standposts
& households
to be covered
here instead
of FHTCs here.
Annex - XC
111
S. No.
Name of the component
Remarks
Other type of schemes (specify)
11
* These schemes would also cover the exisng
hand pump bases water supply schemes.
Sub-total B
Grand total (A + B)
$ Please provide an inventory of exisng assets in the districts that can be used under JJM.
It is pernent to menon that aer assessing the current status of the exisng assets for
their opmum ulizaon only, new assets need to be proposed/ taken up for construcon.
VIII
Requirement of Implementaon Support Agencies (ISAs)
a. Status of empanelment of ISAs
b. No. of villages and districts in the State that require ISAs
c. No. of villages in the State that has strong VWSCs and does not require ISAs
d. No. of villages covered by a single ISA
e. Quarter-wise proposed deployment details of ISAs
Deployment of ISAs in the rural areas
First Quarter
Second Quarter
Third quarter
Fourth quarter
Total
Quarter 2019-
20
2020-
21
2021-
22
2022-
23
2023-
24
Total
IX
IEC Acvies
a. Status of empanelment of IEC agencies.
b No. of agencies required for undertaking IEC in the State.
c. Details of proposed deployment of agencies for IEC acvies in villages.
d. Explain the strategy for IEC covering like radio jingles, street plays, wall painngs,
pamphlets, etc.
Deployment of ISAs in the rural areas
First Quarter
Second Quarter
Third quarter
Fourth quarter
Total
Quarter 2019-
20
2020-
21
2021-
22
2022-
23
2023-
24
Total
112
S. No.
Name of the component
Remarks
X
Water Quality labs.
a. No. of water quality labs in the State.
b. Year-wise number of labs proposed to be NABL cerfied.
c. How water quality tesng is planned to be undertaken for all sources. Please
menon how exisng colleges (engineering/ science) are proposed to be roped in
and exploring PPP model WQ tesng both to be adopted based on State level
mechanism for the same.
d. Plan for WQMS.
XI
Operaon and Maintenance (O&M) at State level for all schemes.
a. Total O&M cost for rural water supply
a. Energy costs
b. Prevenve maintenance cost
c. Breakdown maintenance cost
d. Payment for O&M staff
e. Water quality tesng
f. Other O&M charges
Total
b. Water tariff proposed to be adopted.
c. Whether water tariff proposed to be collected is enough to cover the O&M
charges?
d. If answer is no for above, how it is proposed to be met?
e. Exisng O&M funds allocaon in Rs lakhs per annum
XII
Third party inspecon agencies
a. Status of empanelment
b. No. of agencies required in the state
c. No. of districts to each agency
XIII
Details of instuonal reforms proposed.
XIV
Details of different types of financing models proposed to be adopted.
XV
Menon the grievance redressal mechanism proposed to be adopted.
Annex - XC
113
S. No.
Characteristic
Unit Requirement
(Acceptable Limit)
Permissible Limit in the
absence of alternate source
1.
2.
3.
4.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
5.
6.
pH value
Total dissolved solids
Turbidity
Chloride
Total alkalinity
Total hardness
Sulphate
Iron
Total arsenic
Fluoride
Nitrate
Total coliform bacteria
E.coli or thermotolerant
coliform bacteria
–
Milligram/litre
NTU
Milligram/litre
Milligram/litre
Milligram/litre
Milligram/litre
Milligram/litre
Milligram/litre
Milligram/litre
Milligram/litre
Shall not be detectable in any 100 ml sample
Shall not be detectable in any 100 ml sample
6.5-8.5
500
1
250
200
200
200
1.0
0.01
1.0
45
No relaxation
2000
5
1000
600
600
400
No relaxation
No relaxation
1.5
No relaxation
List of Basic Water Quality Parameters
Annex - XI
114
Annex - XII
List of 60 most seriously (high priority)
affected Districts with Japanese Encephalitis (JE)
and Advanced Encephalitis Syndrome (AES)
S. No. State
State
S. No.
District S. No. State District
1.
2.
3.
4.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
5.
6.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
State
S. No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1.
2.
3.
4.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
5.
6.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
1.
2.
3.
4.
7.
8.
9.
10.
5.
6.
Tamil Nadu
Assam
Assam
Assam
Assam
Assam
Assam
Assam
Assam
Assam
Assam
Bihar
Bihar
Bihar
Bihar
Bihar
Bihar
Bihar
Bihar
Bihar
Bihar
Bihar
Bihar
Bihar
Bihar
Bihar
Tamil Nadu
Tamil Nadu
Tamil Nadu
Tamil Nadu
Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
West Bengal
West Bengal
West Bengal
West Bengal
West Bengal
West Bengal
West Bengal
West Bengal
West Bengal
West Bengal
Paschim Champaran
Barpeta
Dhemaji
Diburgarh
Golaghat
Jorhat
Lakhimpur
Sibsagar
Sonitpur
Tinsukia
Udalguri
Araria
Darbhanga
Gaya
Gopalganj
Jehanabad
Muzzaffarpur
Nalanda
Nawada
Patna
Purba Champaran
Samasdpur
Saran
Siwan
Vaishali
Karur
Madurai
Thanjavur
Tiruvarur
Villupuram
Azamgarh
Bahraich
Ballia
Balrampur
Basti
Deoria
Gonda
Gorakhpur
Hardoi
Kanpur Dehat
Kushinagar
Lakhimpur Khari
Maharajganj
MauRae
Bareli
Saharanpur
Sant Kabir Nagar
Shravasad
Siddharch Nagar
Sitapur
Bankura
Bardhaman
Birbhum
Dakshin Dinajpur
Darjeeling
Hooghly
Howrah
Jalpaiguri
Malda
Midnapur West
115
Procedure for Release under JE-AES
Purpose and RWSSP-LIS Purpose
Releases will be made in 2 installments.
st
a) Release of 1 Installment (50%):
nd
i.) For the states which have drawn the 2 installment during the last financial year - Funds will be released
after subsuming excess opening balance beyond 10% of the last year release.
Or
nd
ii.) For the states which have not drawn the 2 installment during the last financial year–Funds will be
released after getting the request proposal along with requisite documents including UC, check list and
after subsuming excess opening balance beyond 10% of the last year release.
iii.) While releasing this part of the fund, the excess amount over and above the prescribed limit (10% of the
st
previous year release) will be deducted. However, balance of 1 installment will be released as and when
States furnish the UC showing expenditure of at least 60% of available fund.
iv.) Carry over funds in the next financial year will be allowed to the 10% of the total amount released. If any
amount for which sanction order has been issued in the month of March, the same will not be accounted
for subsuming on account of excess Opening balance.
nd
b) Release of 2 Installment (50%): On the receipt of the request proposal from the States along with:
i.) Provisional UC for the current year for the amount equivalent to 60% of available balance (Central fund)
and State matching share;
ii.) AG's report of the year preceding the previous year / ASA of previous year;
iii.) Final Central and State UC for the previous year.
In the eventuality of availability of this fund during the fag end of the financial year, the methodology and
apportioning procedure would be as per the direction of the competent authority.
Procedure for Release under NWQSM Purpose: For NWQSM, a separate guideline has been issued and releases
will be made as per the same and following GFR provisions in this respect.
Annex - XIII
Notes
Har Ghar Jal
Government of India
Ministry of Jal Shakti
Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation
National Jal Jeevan Mission
New Delhi 110 003